Eichsler dealings
The Eichsler Verwaltung is a traditional procession in the municipality of Eichsel on the Dinkelberg , today a district of Rheinfelden (Baden) .
The legend of the three holy virgins
The Gothic church of St. Gallus in Obereichsel, built at the end of the 12th century (of which only the tower has survived) , was already mentioned in connection with the veneration of the three virgins Kunigunde , Mechtrudis and Wibranda . Little is known about the three virgins. You should be around 9/10. Century, so in the time of the Carolingians , lived. The legend has it that the three women to the followers and martyrs of the holy Ursula Cologne were traveling from England to Germany to the holy missionaries Fridolin of Säckingen and Gallus in the Christianization support. The virgins accompanied the saint on her journey to Cologne.
They fell ill on the journey to Basel and died in Rappersweier near Eichsel. They were therefore buried in Eichsel. The burial, however, apparently took place in Christianized times, as their graves are located within the current church, close to the outer wall. Soon afterwards, miracles were said to have occurred at their graves .
Maiden's Fountain and Maiden's Fountain
The files on the trial of 1504, which were published in 1726, also contain the testimony of several witnesses who reported that one of the three virgins got very thirsty on the way to Rapprechtsweier and stuck her walking stick in the ground, whereupon one of them Source. There has been a fountain there since at least 1839 - within the boundaries of the Rheinfeld district of Adelhausen.
This Mägdebrunnen is now a small monument between Eichsel and Adelhausen and was redesigned in 2011.
The theme of the three holy virgins is also taken up with the fountain figure of a village fountain ( virgin fountain ) in Eichsel designed by Paul Ibenthaler . The fountain was set up in 1978 at the community center in Obereichsel, near the church.
The legend in the version of Hermann Crombach
In 1647, the church historian Hermann Crombach published a version of the legend of the saints, according to which four virgins from the retinue of Saint Ursula came to the area of Augusta Raurica on their return trip to Cologne . Christiana the fourth of the virgins died first. They were placed on a wagon that was pulled by young cattle to the top of the Dinkelberg. She was buried there by today's St. Chrischona Church. The other three died at Rapprechtsweier. The corpses were placed on a wagon in front of which two young cows were harnessed and let them run, just as the maidens had wished before they died. The virgins were buried where the cows stopped with the cart - in Eichsel. Crombach reported on a number of healings that were said to have been brought about by the vow to visit the grave of the virgins and to offer candles.
Pilgrimage - procession - folk festival
In 1504, the veneration of the virgins as saints was checked by a commission of inquiry headed by the papal legate Cardinal Raimund Peraudi and their bones reburied in reliquaries in the Eichsler Church of St. Gallus . With this, their popular devotion was officially officially approved. Over 5000 believers came to Eichsel at that time to witness the official elevation to saints. In the period that followed, a regionally significant pilgrimage developed from this. As a result of the many people who flock to Eichsel every year for the feast of the Holy Virgin, a folk festival character with a fair, stalls, music and dance developed.
On October 15, 1820, the previous vicar, Alois Link, applied to the administrator of the Diocese of Constance, Hermann von Vicari , to forbid the festival, "because a lot of abusive things crept in during this festival and the spread of this legend cannot be tolerated". The formal ban followed on January 18, 1821. However, a correspondence from 1826 shows that at least the fair continued to be held despite the ban. A report from 1852 also shows that the festival continued, albeit without a procession. The Eichsler pastor Schreiber tried in 1852 to find a more dignified accommodation for the relics of the three virgins. On June 15, 1869, the now responsible Archdiocese of Freiburg, through its vicar capitular Lothar von Kübel , approved the celebration of the festival with a sermon and high mass. “The unveiling of the relics must not be omitted; the traditional solemn communion of the virgins must also be retained ”. It has been celebrated since then in the form that still exists today.
A small market has been taking place again for a few years.
The Eichsler dealings
Every year on the third Sunday in July, the "Eichsler Interaction" has taken place in honor of the Holy Virgin. On the day of the meeting, flower carpets are lovingly laid out, followed by a festive service and then the procession, which covers a distance of almost one kilometer. After this ecclesiastical part of the meeting, a village festival takes place. The Eichsler dealership is still a magnet for the population from far and wide.
In 2004, Auxiliary Bishop Bernd Uhl of the Archdiocese of Freiburg celebrated the festive service in the overcrowded church on the occasion of the 500th anniversary of Eichsler's affairs .
literature
- Paul Rothmund (Ed.): Eichsler Holy Legend. Rheinfelden 1989, ISBN 3-926066-28-7 .
- Andreas Weiß: 500 years of "Eichsler dealing" - studies on a phenomenon of rural Catholicism on the Dinkelberg . In: Das Markgräflerland, Volume 2/2005, pp. 131–148 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
- Legend of the three holy virgins Kunegundae, Mechtundae, and Wibrandae, St.Ursula Society. Constance 1726 digitized
- Jürgen Scharf: Why there is a virgin fountain in Eichsel ... Comments on a work by the sculptor and painter Paul Ibenthaler . In: Das Markgräflerland , issue 2/1985, pp. 114–119 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
Web links
- History of Eichsel on the homepage of the city of Rheinfelden
- Entry on the Mythical Places homepage
- Entry on prospesalutis
- Entry Kunigunde von Rapperswil on: Ecumenical Lexicon of Saints; accessed on July 14, 2017
Individual evidence
- ↑ entry Rapp law Weier on regional studies online discover - leobw
- ↑ For the classification of the cult see also Friedrich Vortisch senior: Three-Jungfrauenkult am Rheinknie. In: Das Markgräflerland, volume 3/4 1979, pp. 329–339 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library and Christian Martin Vortisch: The holy virgins in the triangle. In: Das Markgräflerland, issue 1/1981, pp. 142–145 digitized version of the Freiburg University Library
- ^ Ed / Gruber Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste , Section 1, Part 32 (Ei - Eisen) 1839, p. 24
- ↑ Attractive maid's fountain. Eichsel and Adelhausen want to design the area. In: Badische Zeitung of February 24, 2010
- ↑ s. this sharp
- ↑ Petra Wunderle: Every fountain has its story. In: Badische Zeitung of September 2, 2014; accessed on July 14, 2017
- ↑ "through Turgandia" = coming from Thurgau, can only mean that they were on their way back. It remains to be seen whether they were in Rome or had to turn back for health reasons on the way there
- ↑ s. Romain Jurot / KMG: Chrischona [Christiana, Christina]. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ s. Francois Maurer-Kuhn: St. Chrischona near Basel. Former pilgrimage church above Bettingen . Basel 1978, p. 2
- ↑ at Crombach Roppersweier
- ↑ s. Rothmund pp. 22-24
- ↑ s. Rothmund p. 12; quoted there from a letter from the Constance Vicariate General
- ↑ s. Rothmund p. 15
- ↑ s. Rothmund p. 16; there quoted from a letter of the vicar capitular
- ↑ The procession begins at the St. Gallus Church and runs back to the church via Birkenweg, Dinkelbergstraße, Saaleweg and Schlossgartenstraße. There are stations there and at the crossroads at the confluence of the Saaleweg and Schlossgartenstrasse.