Max Laeuger

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Max Laeuger (born September 30, 1864 in Lörrach ; † December 12, 1952 there ; full name: Josef Maximilian Laeuger ) was a German ceramist , craftsman and architect .

Life

Laeuger was born as the son of the gunsmith Tobias Laeuger and the architect's daughter Sophie Adler. From 1880 to 1883 he studied with Franz Sales Meyer at the Karlsruhe School of Applied Arts . There he became an assistant teacher in 1884 and later an assistant for two years. In 1898 he received an extraordinary professorship for figure drawing at the Technical University of Karlsruhe , and in 1904 a full professorship . His teaching activities were expanded to include interior design and garden art. The regular retirement took place in 1933, the actual departure followed two years later.

After he had dealt in 1892 in Kandern and in Karlsruhe with ceramics, he founded the 1897 company Prof. Laeuger'sche art pottery that belonged to the sound works Kandern. By 1914, 738 vessel and 320 architectural ceramic designs were made here. In 1916 he set up his own ceramics workshop in Karlsruher Hoffstrasse. Here he created around 5000 unique ceramics until 1944. From 1921 to 1929 he delivered designs to be executed in series for the Karlsruhe majolica manufactory . From 1920 to 1922 he held a teaching position for ceramics at the Baden State Art School in Karlsruhe .

Honors

The town of Loerrach gave Max Laeuger 1939, the honorary citizenship and the Technical University of Dresden , the honorary doctorate . A street in the northern part of Lörrach is named after him.

On the initiative of the architect Paul Schmitthenner , according to another source on the General Commissioner of City Planning for the redevelopment of Munich, Hermann Giesler , was Adolf Hitler Laeuger in May 1944 about his armaments minister and secret art Representative Albert Speer , the Goethe Medal for Art and Science lend a the highest artistic awards of the Nazi Reich. Schmitthenner was a student of Laeuger during his studies at the Technical University of Karlsruhe and was deeply impressed by his teaching; Giesler, who had worked as a ceramist himself for almost ten years, highly valued Laeuger's ceramics.

plant

Carl Benz Monument in the Augustaanlage in Mannheim (1933)
Patronage facility in Baden-Baden (1909–1912)

Max Laeuger was a founding member of the Deutscher Werkbund in 1907 . He was artistically active in many areas, worked as a graphic designer , painter and glass painter , ceramist as well as an architect, interior designer and garden architect and designed handicraft objects. In addition, he also writes some art didactic works.

Ceramics

Max Laeuger is considered one of the pioneers of German art ceramics of the 20th century. His Prof. Laeuger art pottery , which he carried out at Tonwerke Kandern between 1897 and 1914, made a significant contribution to German Art Nouveau . This decorative vessels and structural ceramics showed on colored grounds colorful, with slip painted, mostly herbal, naturalistic to abstract decors. The brand for Kandern products consists of the stamped MLK squared, plus LEGAL: SCHZT. , often in connection with MUSTER GESETZL. PROTECTED. The signature KTK squared, which is often confused with this brand, has nothing to do with Max Laeuger. Laeuger later made an artistic quantum leap with his unique pieces. With the picture tiles, reliefs and sculptures, which were mostly made by hand in his own workshop in Karlsruhe between 1916 and 1944, he consistently removed the boundaries between the individual genres of art and thus prepared the ground for modern artist ceramics.

Stained glass

In addition, he created stained glass in the Johanneskirche in Mannheim , the Luther Church in Karlsruhe , the Pauluskirche in Basel and the Pauluskirche in Bern .

Architecture and interior fittings

Max Laeuger also taught architecture and designed buildings and interior fittings, processing many suggestions from his friend and college colleague Friedrich Ostendorf . In the archINFORM work list, for example, the Bunge house in Aerdenhout (Netherlands) (1907–1911), the Villa Albert (1909/1910), the Simons country house in Elberfeld (1913) and the Wilmanns house in Heidelberg (1927) are named. For his “foster brother” Karl Küchlin he designed a villa colony in Bohrertal in Horben near Freiburg im Breisgau (1904), the “Küchlin Theater” in Basel (1912) and the Villa Küchlin in Horben (1923). Other country houses for builders from Switzerland were the “Rätische Hof” in Basel (House Pradella-Burckhardt, Arnold-Böcklin-Strasse 1, 1923) and the “House Acher” in Weggis on Lake Lucerne.

Garden architecture and art

Water art installation Paradise in Baden-Baden (1921–1925)

In 1908/1909 Laeuger was responsible for the garden design of the Villa Feinhals designed by Joseph Maria Olbrich for the Cologne entrepreneur Josef Feinhals in Cologne-Marienburg . In Baden-Baden and Karlsruhe in particular, there are many works of art created by Max Laeuger, including the Gönneranlage , a garden on the Oos in the immediate vicinity of the Lichtentaler Allee in Baden-Baden. It was donated by the German-American "Coffee King" Hermann Sielcken , named after the Lord Mayor of Baden-Baden Albert Gönner , designed by Max Laeuger and laid out between 1907 and 1911. Another important German creation of garden art is the water art installation Paradies , also in Baden-Baden, built in 1925 based on plans by Max Laeuger . The Fieser Bridge with its ceramic decorative vases and the crypt for Maria Maximilianowna, Princess Wilhelm von Baden, in the Russian Church were also made according to Laeuger's designs. In Karlsruhe, Laeuger created a cemetery of honor in the main cemetery between 1914 and 1919, a development plan for the garden city of Karlsruhe between 1915 and 1924 and the courtyard of the Technical University with a fountain and the Heinrich Hertz monument in 1924/1925. In 1928 Laeuger won a bronze medal at the art competitions of the Olympic Games in Amsterdam for his work "Stadt-Park Hamburg 1908".

Exhibitions and estate

Laeuger's ceramic, graphic and plastic works were presented in numerous exhibitions, for example at the world exhibitions in Paris in 1900 , in St. Louis in 1904 and in Brussels in 1910 . Even today, exhibitions of his works take place again and again: In addition to permanent exhibitions and the like. a. In the Heimat- und Keramikmuseum Kandern and in the Karlsruhe branch museum near the market and museum in the majolica of the Badisches Landesmuseum , an exhibition of the complete works was last shown on the occasion of his 150th birthday in 2014 in Karlsruhe Palace ; thereafter, this exhibition was shown in a modified form until May 3, 2015 in the Dreiländermuseum in Lörrach.

Max Laeuger's written and graphic estate is in the Badische Landesbibliothek in Karlsruhe, including hundreds of pictures, drawings, plans, sketches, etc. The largest public collections of Max Laeuger's works are also owned by the Badisches Landesmuseum Karlsruhe with an inventory of well over 600 works (ceramics , Furniture, carpets, drawings, paintings, graphics) and the Dreiländermuseum in Lörrach with 522 art ceramics from all creative periods as well as pictures in different techniques and some sketches, studies and plans. The graphic collection of the Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe owns 44 drawings on paper, the Southwest German Archive for Architecture and Civil Engineering (SAAI) at KIT in Karlsruhe has drawings and plans on paper.

literature

  • Reinald Eckert: Two parks from the early 20th century in Baden-Baden. The patron complex and the paradise of Max Laeuger. In: Die Gartenkunst , 1 (2/1989), pp. 266–278.
  • Elisabeth Kessler-Slotta: Max Laeuger (1864–1952). His graphic, handicraft and ceramic oeuvre. Saarbrücken 1985.
  • Elisabeth Kessler-Slotta:  Laeuger, Max. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1982, ISBN 3-428-00194-X , p. 405 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Arthur Mehlstäubler (arr.) Max Laeuger. Total work of art. (Exhibition catalog) Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe 2014 / Dreiländermuseum, Lörrach 2014/2015.
  • Markus Moehring, Elke Seibert (eds.): Max Laeuger. The collection in Loerrach. (= Lörracher Hefte, Rote Schriftenreihe des Museum am Burghof (now Dreiländermuseum), Issue 13.) Lörrach 2011.
  • Ulrich Maximilian Schumann : The Max Laeuger phenomenon. Diplomacy on behalf of art. In: Urs Robert Kaufmann (Ed.): Switzerland and the German Southwest. (= Upper Rhine Studies , Volume 25.) Ostfildern 2006, ISBN 3-7995-7825-0 , pp. 155–169.
  • Ulrich Maximilian Schumann and Rudolf Velhagen (eds.): Max Laeugers Arkadien. Keramik Garten Bau Kunst (exhibition catalog), Museum Langmatt , Baden (CH), Hetjens Museum , Düsseldorf, and Kunstmuseum Vejen (Denmark) 2007
  • Hilde Sprenger: Professor Dr.-Ing. eh senior building officer Maximilian Laeuger (1864–1952). His life picture. Dissertation, University of Karlsruhe, 1971.
  • Karl Widmer: Recent work by Max Laeuger-Karlsruhe. In: Decorative Art , 10th year 1906/1907, issue June 1907, p. 377 ff.

Web links

Commons : Max Laeuger  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Max Laeuger. In: arch INFORM .
  2. ^ List of honorary citizens of Lörrach
  3. ↑ Honorary doctoral students of the TH / TU Dresden. Technical University of Dresden, accessed on February 4, 2015 .
  4. ^ Letter from Paul Schmitthenner to Max Laeuger dated November 16, 1944, Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe.
  5. ↑ Boelcke: German armament. 1969, p. 363.
  6. ↑ Hermann Giesler's speech at the opening of the exhibition with Laeuger's works in the New Collection Munich 1940 in: Völkischer Beobachter of April 9, 1940
  7. ↑ Laeuger took over the building begun by the architects S. Silow and Anders Lundberg in 1907, the foundation walls of which had already been completed. Laeuger also designed the interior and the spacious garden. Due to differences with the client, Laeuger distanced himself from the project in 1911. In contemporary literature, Lundberg is therefore named as an architect, but after Laeuger took over the project, he was only its site manager. See: Badische Landesbibliothek Karlsruhe, Nachlass Max Laeuger, Dept. K 2945,1 Copir-Buch, AE, as well as C1-2a, Architektur 55, as well as C 6 and E 7.
  8. ↑ Villa Feinhals on bildindex.de, accessed on December 9, 2013
  9. ^ City of Kandern - local history and ceramic museum. Retrieved July 16, 2019 .
  10. ↑ https://www.focus.de/regional/karlsruhe/museen-allrounder-des-jugendstils-max-laeuger-im-landesmuseum_id_3948590.html All-rounder of Art Nouveau: Max Laeuger in the State Museum . in Focus online regional . Retrieved July 16, 2019.
  11. ^ Archive page for the Max Laeuger exhibition 2014/15. Dreiländermuseum Loerrach, accessed on July 16, 2019 .
personal data
SURNAME Laeuger, Max
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Laeuger, Josef Maximilian (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German ceramist, craftsman and garden architect
DATE OF BIRTH September 30, 1864
PLACE OF BIRTH Loerrach
DATE OF DEATH December 12, 1952
Place of death Loerrach