Karlsruher Institute for Technology

KIT is a redirect to this article. Further meanings are listed under kit .

Karlsruher Institute for Technology
motto	KIT - The Research University in the Helmholtz Association
founding	October 1, 2009 University: October 7, 1825 Research center: 1956
Sponsorship	state
place	Karlsruhe (seat), Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen
state	Baden-Württemberg
country	Germany
President and CIO	Holger Hanselka
Students	24,381 (WS 2019/20)
Employee	9,398 (2019)
including professors	368
Annual budget	€ 951.3 million (2019) Third-party funding: € 369.7 million
Networks	CESAER , CLUSTER , DFH , EPICUR , EUCOR , interACT , TU9
Website	kit.edu

The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ( English Karlsruhe Institute of Technology ), short- KIT (pronunciation: [ kʰaː.ʔiː.tʰeː ]), a Technical University (member of TU9 ) of the state of Baden-Wuerttemberg and National Laboratory of the Helmholtz Association . It came into being in 2009 as a merger of the University of Karlsruhe (TH), now the KIT university part, with the Karlsruhe Research Center (founded as the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (KfK) ), now the KIT large-scale research part, and sees itself as "The Research University in the Helmholtz Association". With the merger of the two institutions, the largest German research institution was created.

The KIT belonged from 2006 to the first three German elite universities as part of the Excellence Initiative of the federal and the states . In 2019, KIT was one of 10 universities (plus one university association) in Germany to win the title of "University of Excellence" in the successor Excellence Strategy competition.

In the middle of the 19th century a . a. the scientific mechanical engineering founded under Ferdinand Redtenbacher , which had a decisive influence on the founding of other technical universities, such as the ETH Zurich in 1855. KIT is also one of the pioneers of German computer science research. In the winter semester of 1969/70, for example, the first German university began training computer scientists . In 1972 followed the establishment of the first German school for computer science , 1984, the first German (and non-American) was e-mail received, and in the 1990s all .com - domains for several years, registered and managed. The same also applied for a short time to the Chinese .cn domains. The term "computer science" was also introduced and coined by the Karlsruhe professor Karl Steinbuch (today's namesake of the Steinbuch Center for Computing ).

The institute is located in the Karlsruhe city ​​center (south campus, east campus and west campus) and in the municipality of Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen in the district of Karlsruhe (north campus) and forms a corporation under public law .

history

History of the University of Karlsruhe

Main portal of the Karlsruhe Polytechnic, founded in 1825, under construction by Heinrich Hübsch

Former logo of the university, designed by Rolf Lederbogen in 1975

The Karlsruhe Polytechnic was founded by Grand Duke Ludwig von Baden on October 7, 1825 in Karlsruhe. It was one of the first universities of its kind in Germany. The university emerged from the amalgamation of the building school of the architect Friedrich Weinbrenner , the engineering school founded by Johann Gottfried Tulla in 1807 and the real classes of the Karlsruhe Lyceum . The École polytechnique in Paris served as a model . From 1832 a state forest school was attached to the facility. In 1841 Karl Weltzien was given the right to teach chemistry at the Karlsruhe Lyceum and at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic for the first time. He also held lectures on agricultural chemistry for prospective foresters, and in 1843 he took over the chemical-technical school at the Polytechnic.

In 1865 the Polytechnic was elevated to a technical college by Grand Duke Friedrich I (from which the nickname "Fridericiana", introduced in 1902, comes). It is thus the oldest technical university in what is today the Federal Republic of Germany. Until 1885, however, it continued to be called the "Polytechnic School". In 1886 Heinrich Hertz proved the existence of electromagnetic waves in the Hertz lecture hall, which is still in use today . In 1899 the Technical University of Karlsruhe was granted the right to award doctorates . In 1903, Magdalena Neff in Karlsruhe was the first time a woman was admitted to a degree at a technical university in Germany (the TH Stuttgart followed in 1905 ). In 1915, Irene Rosenberg became the first woman to receive a doctorate; a street on campus was named after her.

In 1920, the forestry university teaching of Karlsruhe and that at the University of Tübingen in Freiburg im Breisgau were combined. In 1921 honorary citizenship and in 1923 honorary senatorial rights were introduced. In 1946, teaching was resumed with 122 students after severe war damage. In December 1967 the Technical University Fridericiana was renamed “University of Karlsruhe” by a corresponding state law of Baden-Württemberg, whereby the name “Technical University” had to be retained as an additional requirement of the Stuttgart Council of Ministers. Two years later, the University of Karlsruhe was the first German university to start training computer scientists, and three years later Germany's first faculty for computer science was founded at the university . In 1975 the university gave itself a new logo, which was designed by Rolf Lederbogen , head of the Institute for Fundamentals of Design at the Faculty of Architecture. In 1992, with 21,282 students, a long-standing high in the number of students was reached, which, after a low, was not exceeded until the winter semester 2011/12.

In order to underline its strengths in the field of research, the University of Karlsruhe added the name “Research University” in July 2005.

The designation “Universität Karlsruhe” remains protected for use by the KIT in the fulfillment of the university's tasks.

See also : Law to merge the University of Karlsruhe and the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH in the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

History of the Karlsruhe Research Center

University buildings on Schlossplatz in 1967, today the Faculty of Economics

The Research Center Karlsruhe (FZK) was founded in 1956 by the Federal Minister for Nuclear Issues as a Reaktorbau- und Betriebsgesellschaft mbH and later renamed the Gesellschaft für Kernforschung mbH and later the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH (KfK). It was founded on the initiative of Franz Josef Strauss , then Minister of Atomic Energy, who was advised by the physicist Otto Haxel and the Hoechst manager Karl Winnacker . The founders were Walter Schnurr and Gerhard Ritter (both chemists who had acquired their management experience in the IG Farben environment before 1945 ) and the lawyers Rudolf Greifeld and Josef Brandl . The partners and donors of the center were 90 percent of the Federal Republic of Germany and 10 percent of the state of Baden-Württemberg. The original activities were in the field of nuclear energy development and basic research in nuclear physics. According to the principle of the heavy water reactor developed in Germany, research reactor 2 was built from 1957 to 1961 and was in operation until 1981. It was followed by the larger multi-purpose research reactor in Karlsruhe , which worked on the same principle and operated from 1965 to 1984, and the KNK breeder reactor prototype , which was operated from 1971 to 1991. A special focus of the KfK's work was the development of a modern process for the reprocessing of nuclear fuels, which was tested in the Karlsruhe reprocessing plant and which was to be used in a further developed form in the Wackersdorf reprocessing plant.

Since the beginning of the 1970s, the Federal Ministry of Research and Technology has been entrusting the KfK with more and more new, non-nuclear tasks in order to apply the successful approach of large-scale research to other areas, such as the environmental research that was beginning at that time. With the beginning of the phase-out of nuclear energy in Germany, especially after the end of the fast breeder project and the reprocessing project, this development was reinforced by the fusion technology , meteorology / climate research, environmental technology, genetics and toxicology, microsystem technology and basic physical research programs . The reactors were replaced by new major projects such as the Ångströmquelle Karlsruhe ( ANKA ), incineration test facilities for household and industrial waste, the KASCADE experiment for observing cosmic rays , which was followed by participation in the major international AUGER experiment , and entry into the neutrino - Research with the KARMEN experiment in England. To measure the mass of the neutrino by means of a tritium neutrino experiment ( KATRIN ), the construction of a large spectrometer began in November 2006 , which can also be described as the most precise scale in the world.

This change was expressed in the change of the name from Nuclear Research Center Karlsruhe to Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe with the subtitle Technology and Environment in 1995. This subtitle was replaced in 2002 by in the Helmholtz Association . Another change took place for the total of 15 large research institutions when, with the establishment of the Hermann von Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers in 2001, the content control of the research programs of the Federal Ministry of Education and Science switched to its own scientific self- control mechanisms .

Merger of university and research center

Interview by Holger Klein on history and research at KIT with press spokeswoman Monika Landgraf

After the founding of the nuclear research center in 1956, the collaboration with the University of Karlsruhe initially developed in the form of joint appointments for institute directors of the center. In 1964, an institute building for nuclear physics was built in the nuclear research center, which has since housed the nuclear physics institutes of both institutions using a common infrastructure. The University established the Institute for Nuclear Process Engineering on the site of the center, from which the Institute for Microsystem Technology later emerged. With the Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, a first merger of the work areas of the two institutions was realized in 1985. On March 6, 1996, the “Virtual Computing Center” between the university and the research center was the first major joint project in the field of “ Scientific Computing ”. However, it was another eight years before plans for a closer merger were fully developed.

However, it should not be concluded from these data that the merger to form the KIT was the result of the two institutions slowly growing together. Their relationship was often determined by demarcation and competition. This also reflected the fundamentally critical relationship of the German universities to large-scale research , which, thanks to the predominant funding from the federal government, has now carried out similar research tasks with significantly better funding. Not least for this reason, the research center has had joint appointments with the universities of Heidelberg, Freiburg, Stuttgart and Darmstadt since the 1990s, some of which led to close scientific cooperation.

The cooperation reached a new level in 1997 when one of the world's first institutes for nanotechnology (INT) was established through a cooperation agreement between the research center and the universities of Karlsruhe and Strasbourg . Under the leadership of a full-time executive director, the INT brings together a large number of working groups made up of young scientists, each headed by an external professor from the universities of Karlsruhe (mainly), Strasbourg, and later also Darmstadt and other universities. If this solution, according to which several university professors divided their work between the two institutions, was initially criticized in the university, the first call for proposals from the so-called "research centers" of the German Research Foundation (DFG) showed that the bundling of the forces of the university and research center can lead to a top national position and international competitiveness.

Since the start of the federal government's excellence initiative in January 2004, the management of the university and the research center have therefore been of the opinion that cooperation between the two institutions could bring significant advantages for both partners due to the proximity and similar professional orientation. The background was also the prospect of receiving annual grants of up to 50 million euros through the Excellence Initiative. Initially, an institutional bundling of the joint research areas was planned, since the federalism reform in June 2005 with the confirmation of state sovereignty in the university area did not allow the idea of ​​institutional cooperation between the University of Karlsruhe, supported by the state of Baden-Württemberg , and the federal research center Karlsruhe . In the preparations for participation in the Excellence Initiative, for which the documents had to be received by September 2005, a future KIT project that has not yet been specified was mentioned under the direction of Vice Rector Detlef Löhe . When the University of Karlsruhe was asked by the DFG and the Science Council to submit a full proposal for the Excellence Initiative in January 2006 , the rector of the university, Horst Hippler , and the chairman of the research center, Manfred Popp , decided on the most ambitious model of cooperation despite the likely difficulties to make the complete merger of both institutions the subject of the future concept for the Excellence Initiative. Earlier ideas to include the nearby Fraunhofer institutes ISI and IITB were discarded due to the expected difficulties.

The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology was founded on April 11, 2006 with the signing of the founding agreement, which was signed by Horst Hippler and Dieter Ertmann for the university and Manfred Popp and Sigurd Lettow for the research center. KIT was presented to the public and the press two weeks later on April 25, 2006. The “institutionalized cooperation” between the partners began on July 1, 2006; Since that day, both institutions have been using the KIT logo on their official stationery.

On October 13, 2006, the result of the first stage of the Excellence Initiative was announced, whereby the University of Karlsruhe was declared the winner in addition to the two universities in Munich ( Ludwig Maximilians University Munich and Technical University Munich ). This confirmed the science-political incentive to found the KIT and made it easier for the federal government, the state and the Helmholtz Association to approve the initially controversial idea of ​​merging the two institutions.

The KIT founding contract as an internal agreement was finally signed on December 13, 2007 between the Karlsruhe Research Center and the University of Karlsruhe. In it, the two facility partners committed themselves to push the project further with the ultimate goal of the complete merger of the two facilities. This contract was celebrated in February 2008 with a ceremony in the Karlsruhe Congress Center, at which the specialist ministers of the federal government and the state of Baden-Württemberg were also present.

On July 8, 2009, the state parliament of Baden-Württemberg passed the KIT amalgamation law in accordance with the state government's draft law with minor changes. The law was issued on July 14, 2009 and entered into force on July 25, 2009.

The KIT was established on October 1, 2009 as a corporation under public law and at the same time a “state institution” sui generis . The independent legal entities of the university and the research center ended. Since January 1, 2014, the KIT has a statute.

KIT Icon by Joachim Czichon , realized in the Majolika-Manufaktur 2013/2014

Naming

The name of the KIT is based on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) , one of the world's leading technical universities.

Advertising and PR

As with all start-ups, a comprehensive advertising and information campaign became part of the PR strategy at KIT. The aim was to make the KIT known on an international and national level. Newspaper advertisements, posters and the Internet were used. For the official opening on October 1, 2009, a video was produced that humorously processed the name and nature of the MIT. The acceptance of the video was divided, especially within KIT. KIT also maintains a partnership with the EIVP engineering school in Paris.

Geographical breakdown

The KIT is located at various locations in Karlsruhe and the surrounding area. These are the east of Leopoldshafen location North Campus (former Research Center), the location in the center of Karlsruhe South Campus (former University) located in Karlsruhe- Rintheim location, north of the main cemetery Campus East as well as in the northwestern city located Campus West (West High School) .

Part of the Institute for Meteorology and Climate Research, which was operated jointly by the two partners before the merger to form KIT, is located in Garmisch-Partenkirchen ("Campus Alpin").

Other locations outside the Karlsruhe area are in Dresden and Ulm , among others .

Campus south

Campus south

Campus South, the former university, is located on the northern edge of Karlsruhe city center, east of Karlsruhe Palace. The high-rise building of the Faculty of Physics can be seen from afar, with 14 floors it is the tallest building on campus.

Campus north

Campus North, the former nuclear research center, is located twelve kilometers north of Karlsruhe in the Hardtwald in the area of ​​the communities Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen and Linkenheim-Hochstetten . It occupies an area of ​​two square kilometers. In 2010 around 3700 people were employed here.

Up until the beginning of 2011, radioactive waste from dismantling was stored in the Karlsruhe reprocessing plant located on Campus North . The Karlsruhe Vitrification Facility (VEK) was built to convert this highly radioactive, self-heating liquid waste (with a total of 16.5 kilograms of plutonium ) from the operation of the now decommissioned reprocessing plant into an easier-to-use solid form . The "hot phase" of the glazing was put into operation in the middle of 2009. Regardless of this, around 60,000 tonnes of low and medium level radioactive waste are stored on the site of the former FZK, the maximum storage capacity is 80,000 tonnes. The Institute for Transuranium Elements (ITU) of the European Commission is also located on Campus North.

Organizational structure

KIT Presidium

With the merger of the two institutions, the new management structure was created with a Presidium of two Presidents and four Vice-Presidents. The founding presidents were Horst Hippler, the former rector of the university, and Eberhard Umbach, the former chairman of the research center. From May 2012 to September 2013 Umbach was the sole President of KIT after Hippler resigned as full-time President of the University Rectors' Conference. Holger Hanselka has been head of KIT since October 1, 2013 . The vice-presidents are Christine von Vangerow (Human Resources and Legal), Michael Ganß (Economics and Finance), Thomas Hirth (Innovation and International), Oliver Kraft (Research) and Alexander Wanner (Teaching and Academic Affairs).

Supervisory board

The members of the supervisory board of KIT, which has been appointed for four years since October 1, 2019, are:

• Gerald Haug ( Max Planck Institute for Chemistry , Mainz)
• Michael Kaschke ( Carl Zeiss AG , Oberkochen)
• Andreas Keller (Deputy Chairman of the Education and Science Union , Frankfurt)
• Susanne Kunschert (managing partner of Pilz GmbH & Co. KG , Ostfildern)
• Catrin Misselhorn ( University of Göttingen )
• Anke-Susanne Müller (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)
• Jörg Neugebauer ( Max Planck Institute for Iron Research , Düsseldorf)
• Stefan Quandt (Chairman of the Administrative Board of AQTON SE , Bad Homburg vor der Höhe)
• Ina Schieferdecker (Ministerial Director in the Federal Ministry of Education and Research )
• Kerstin Schill ( Hanse Science College , Delmenhorst)
• Simone Schwanitz (Ministerial Director in the Ministry for Science, Research and Art Baden-Württemberg , Stuttgart)

Michael Kaschke is the chairman of the supervisory board.

Teaching

Faculties

There are eleven faculties offering 43 courses:

• mathematics
• physics
• Chemistry and Life Sciences
• Humanities and social sciences
• architecture
• Civil engineering , earth and environmental sciences
• mechanical engineering
• Chemical engineering and process engineering
• Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology
• Computer science
• Economics

Institutes

There are 148 institutes, including:

• Institute for Nuclear Waste Management
• Institute for Product Development
• Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis
• Steinbuch Center for Computing (SCC)

courses

The largest degree programs with restricted admission in relation to the number of places per year include the bachelor’s degree in mechanical engineering (525), industrial engineering (505), business informatics ( 167), architecture (156), biology (120) and mechatronics and information technology (100), as well as the master’s degree in industrial engineering ( 335), computer science (253) and electrical and information technology (230). Civil engineering, physics, and chemical and process engineering are the largest admission-free Bachelor courses at KIT.

Professorships

A study by the education provider WBS Training in 2019 showed that the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology had the second smallest proportion of women among the professorships of all 44 universities with a share of only 13.9 percent.

Student life

Development of student numbers

Students at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) from 1986 to 2014

With 21,782 students, most of the students were initially enrolled at the University of Karlsruhe in the 1992/1993 winter semester. In the following years the number of students fell steadily, with the lowest value of 14,379 students being reached in the winter semester 1999/2000.

Since then the number of students has increased again; 23,905 students are enrolled in the 2012/2013 winter semester, which is a historic high. Of these, 6,422 or 26.9 percent are women, which is the lowest rate of all TU9 universities in Germany. 4708 students began their studies at KIT this semester.

University policy

→ See History of University Policy from 1868 to 1920s

Elections of the Authorized Student body (from 2013)
list	2013		2014		2015		2016		2017		2018		2019
	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats
FiPS	7.9%	2	25.2%	7th	27.4%	8th	27.8%	7th	36.4%	10	26.7%	7th	17.8%	5
GAL	17.9%	4th	12.4%	3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	23.5%	6th
Jusos	21.3%	6th	17.0%	5	17.2%	5	17.5%	5	13.2%	3	24.0%	6th	17.2%	5
LHG	5.4%	1	6.7%	2	8.5%	2	15.3%	4th	12.6%	3	11.6%	3	5.73%	1
The list	5.1%	1	6%	2	7.7%	2	8.77%	2	8.80%	2	8.90%	2	11.5%	3
LuSt	12.3%	3	5.5%	1	12.1%	3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
PIRATES	9.2%	2	6.8%	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
RCDS	21.0%	5	12.0%	3	10.3%	3	11.3%	3	6.20%	2	7.30%	2	7.58%	2
Die Linke.SDS	-	-	-	-	5.1%	1	9.70%	3	12.3%	3	17.0%	5	7.68%	2
Pink list	-	-	-	-	4.3%	1	4.74%	1	5.65%	2	-	-	-	-
IYSSE	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	3.89%	1
voter turnout	21.5%		17.7%		17.7%		15.8%		13.2%		15.2%		13.3%

The student body also existed at the University of Karlsruhe until 1977 . At that time it was abolished by the state government under Prime Minister Hans Filbinger ( CDU ). It was replaced by an independent student body , which largely took over the previous democratic structures. There was thus still a parliamentary system with a student parliament and now an Independent Student Committee (UStA) as the executive body. The results of the independent student parliamentary elections since 2003 are recorded on the bottom right. The turnout was always between 18 percent and 23 percent. Both party-affiliated groups (for example Jusos, RCDS) and lists without party reference such as the “List of Independent Students” (LuSt), the “Student Representatives in the Student Union Parliament” (FiPS) and the “Green Alternative List” (GAL) list ) on. In 2012 the green-red state government passed a law to reintroduce the student body. The student body then drew up organizational statutes, which they passed in a ballot in January 2013 with 95.9 percent approval. From June 10th to 14th, 2013, in the elections for the student body, its first student parliament and the student council were finally elected, whereby the elections were moved from the winter to the summer semester. The student body was legally constituted on October 30, 2013 and has been collecting its own contributions since 2014. The voter turnout fell continuously until 2017 and reached a low point of 13.2 percent.

In addition to the student parliament , there were thirteen student councils in the independent model , which represent the students at the faculty level. Some of the student councils are organized as a registered association . In the elections for the student council representatives, the turnout was up to 41 percent. The student councils are also laid down in the student body.

Since 2012 there has been a sponsoring association of the student body that collects funds to support student groups and their voluntary work. In 2014, a total of 4,000 euros in funding was made available to university groups.

Elections for the Independent Student Body (1977-2013)
list	2003		2004		2005		2006		2007		2008		2009		2010		2011		2012		2013
	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats	be right	Seats
FiPS	16.8%	4th	17.6%	4th	24.3%	6th	20.4%	5	13.8%	3	25.6%	6th	21.2%	5	14.9%	4th	-	-	5.0%	1	-	-
RCDS	18.1%	5	16.6%	4th	17.0%	4th	14.6%	4th	14.6%	4th	15.1%	4th	17.2%	4th	15.9%	4th	20.5%	5	20.7%	5	24.2%	6th
LHG	24.7%	6th	20.2%	5	16.8%	4th	24.6%	6th	17.9%	4th	14.6%	4th	16.9%	4th	10.8%	3	8.2%	2	7.9%	2	3%	1
Jusos	7.5%	2	9.7%	3	11.3%	3	11.6%	3	19.7%	5	12.4%	3	14.8%	4th	10.2%	2	13.2%	3	11.6%	3	22.3%	6th
The desire	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	5%	1	10.4%	3	13.1%	3	15.4%	4th	10.6%	3	16.3%	4th
GAL / GHG	24.5%	6th	18.5%	5	24%	6th	21.6%	5	22.7%	6th	18.6%	5	8.2%	2	24.3%	6th	27.7%	7th	26.6%	7th	8.7%	2
AL	-	-	8.2%	2	6.5%	2	7.2%	2	-	-	4%	1	2.9%	1	-	-	8.2%	2	4.9%	1	-	-
The list	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	2.1%	0	2.3%	1	2.2%	1	4.1%	1	5.1%	1	7.5%	2
DIE LINKE.SDS									3.4%	1	2.5%	1	4.4%	1
LAL	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	4.5%	1	-	-	-	-	-	-
UL	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	8th %	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
ProSV	-	-	9.3%	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
The fellows	8.4%	2	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Brandt-Zand															4.2%	1	8.2%	2	7.6%	2
GAHG																					17.9%	4th
voter turnout	18.4%		20.0%		19.7%		19.3%		20.0%		19.7%		20.0%		22.9%		20.7%		22.4%		20.1%

University groups and working groups

In addition to the political university groups, there are also international, cultural, ecological, religious, social, sporting, course-related and technical university groups at KIT. You can register with the AStA at KIT and receive support.

In addition to the university groups, there are a number of working groups in the student body in which students also volunteer. In contrast to university groups, working groups are bound by the instructions of the student parliament and directly affiliated to the student body.

The Student Center Z10 Karlsruhe and the Working Group on Culture and Communication (AKK) are non-profit culture and communication centers for students from all universities in Karlsruhe.

Student dormitories

The Karlsruher Studierendenwerk operates 22 student residences for students from all universities in Karlsruhe and Pforzheim. These student residences offer a total of 2786 dormitory places.

There are also five self-managed dormitories that are independent of the Studentenwerk . Four are sponsored by the student dormitory association of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology e. V. worn. These are the Hans-Dickmann-Kolleg (HaDiKo) with 999 rooms, the Hans-Freudenberg-Kolleg (HFK) with 100 rooms, the Kolleg am Ring (KAR) with 34 rooms and the Insterburg with 144 rooms. The Hermann-Ehlers-Kolleg (HEK) with 150 rooms is run by the Protestant Student Residence Karlsruhe eV . and is largely self-administered by students. In addition, student residences are also run by other providers. Most student associations also provide students with rooms or apartments.

Student associations

Karlsruhe Seniors Convent (1927)

→ Main article : List of student associations in Karlsruhe

The oldest still existing student association in the city, the Corps Franconia Karlsruhe , was founded in 1839. The Karlsruhe Burschenschaft Teutonia was established in October 1843 as the first fraternity at a technical university in Germany . The other corps , the country teams and gymnastics associations emerged between 1856 and 1894; the youngest country team was founded in 1920. Today there are more than 30 student associations in Karlsruhe.

Horst Hippler , 1st President of KIT, wrote in the greeting to the Karlsruhe Corps commemorative publication on the occasion of the 125th anniversary of the Old Man Seniors Convent (AHSC) in Karlsruhe: “That an alumni association like the AHSC Karlsruhe is our educational institution (KIT) has always remained loyal despite all the structural and name changes and has always accompanied our development with goodwill since 1886, is highly remarkable and worthy of thanks. The contact to alumni is of inestimable value for our students. "

Research and innovation

By mid-2012, the KIT had been selected as a future concept by the Excellence Initiative and one of the three universities that had already been selected in the first round of the award procedure. Since November 2006, she has been funded with 20 million euros annually for five years to further expand her research. It received funding in each of the funding lines for graduate schools and clusters of excellence. In 2018, the joint research project “Energy storage beyond lithium - new storage concepts for a sustainable future” of the University of Ulm and the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) from 2019 to 2025 was selected for funding in the funding line “Cluster of Excellence” .

financing

According to its own statements (2018), KIT is primarily financed by federal programs, state funds are secondary and third-party funds make up the largest share.

Research programs

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

List of topics without proof or justification - VonDerSchuldenburg ( discussion ) 14:08, 6 Mar. 2020 (CET)

• Renewable energy
• Nuclear fusion
• Nuclear safety research
• Technology, Innovation & Society and Energy Systems Analysis (see Institute for Technology Assessment and Systems Analysis )
• Atmosphere and climate
• Scientific computing and grid computing
• Nano and microsystems (see Institute for Nanotechnology )
• Bio-interfaces
• Elementary particle physics
• Astroparticle physics
• Synchrotron radiation source ANKA
• Bertolt Brecht's job

Applied research program efeuCampus

KIT is a partner of the future project for urban and autonomous goods logistics, efeuCampus in Bruchsal, funded by the state of Baden-Württemberg and the European Union . At the Institute for Materials Handling and Logistics Systems (IFL), materials handling systems for intralogistics are being developed for the research project, which are used for mobile robotics and human-machine interactions. In the project, localization and navigation algorithms for an urban environment are developed with which vehicles are able to navigate independently based on laser and video data.

Military Research / Civil Clause

The subject of military research and / or military-related research was particularly controversial in the period shortly before the KIT was founded. On Campus North, the former FZK, there has always been a civil clause that forbids any cooperation with military institutions. On Campus South, the former University of Karlsruhe, this clause is not effective, which basically enables cooperation with military or military research .

Reputation and Rankings

As part of the Excellence Initiative , KIT was honored in the first round for its future concept alongside the LMU and TU Munich and was among the members of the so-called group until 2012, along with six other German universities that were selected in the second round Elite universities. In the third round of awards in 2012, KIT won two graduate schools. When awarding the clusters of excellence within the framework of the federal and state excellence strategy, in September 2018 the KIT was able to agree with the two clusters of excellence "3D Designer Materials - 3D Matter Made to Order" (in cooperation with the University of Heidelberg) and "Energy Storage Beyond Lithium - New Concepts for a Sustainable Future ”(in cooperation with Ulm University) in the final round. Thus, the KIT was entitled to submit an application as a University of Excellence. As part of the decision in the Excellence Strategy, on July 19, 2019, the KIT was able to submit its application “The Research University in the Helmholtz Association | Living the Change ”and is thus one of 10 universities in Germany that has the title of“ University of Excellence ”.

Rankings related to research and teaching

In the QS World University Rankings , the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology made it into the 100 best universities in the world (93rd place) in the 2016 class. a. 23rd place in the natural science fields “Physics and Astronomy” and 40th place “Materials Science”. According to the ranking, KIT is one of the best technical universities in Europe. In the QS World University Rankings by Subject 2018 , which is divided into specialist groups and subjects, KIT ranks 37th (2016: 34th; 2017: 29th) in "Engineering & Technology" in the "Natural Sciences" department “(German: engineering and technology) it reached 51st place (2016: 62nd place; 2017: 38th place). There are also nine individual subjects that have made it into the top 100 in the world. Overall, KIT is even among the top 5 of the best German universities in ten individual subjects.

In the Shanghai ranking , which is also highly regarded internationally , KIT took first place among German universities in the fields of “Chemistry”, “Chemical Engineering”, “Instruments Science & Technology”, “Water Resources” and “Transportation Science & Technology” as well as nationwide Second place in the subjects "Biotechnology", "Nanoscience & Nanotechnology", "Materials Science & Engineering", "Energy Science & Engineering", "Environmental Science & Engineering" and "Metallurgical Engineering". A place among the top three German universities is also achieved in the subjects “Mechanical Engineering”, “Physics”, “Telecommunication Engineering” and “Remote Sensing”. In all of the subjects mentioned, with the exception of "Environmental Science & Engineering" and "Telecommunication Engineering", KIT is among the 100 best universities in the world, and for some even among the top 50. KIT also ranks in the top 5 across Germany in the subjects “Computer Science & Engineering” (4th place), “Electrical & Electronic Engineering” and “Food Science & Technology”. In the 2018 edition of the Shanghai Ranking, KIT succeeded in taking a place among the best 100 universities in the world in 13 subjects. The three subjects Atmospheric Science (Rank 16), Metal Engineering ("Metallurgical Engineering", Rank 25) and Energy Science ("Energy Science & Engineering", Rank 28) even achieved a placement among the 30 best universities in the world. The KIT improved in 2018 and a. Germany-wide in the field of computer science from place 4 to place 2, in the area Energy Science & Engineering from place 2 to place 1 and in the area Electrical & Electronic Engineering from place 5 to 4. In the 2019 edition of the Shanghai ranking, the KIT u. a. 8th place worldwide in atmospheric research, making it one of the world's leading institutions in this research field and ahead of renowned universities such as Columbia University (9th place), Princeton University (17th place), MIT (20th place) , the universities of Oxford (29th place) and Cambridge (32nd place) or Stanford University (47th place). The KIT achieved further first places in Germany in the Shanghai Ranking 2019 in the subjects of energy sciences, computer science, materials sciences, nanotechnology and transport sciences.

In the University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) in the 2017/18 year, KIT took first place in Germany in the subjects "Chemical Sciences" (world ranking: 49), "Technology" (world ranking: 54), "Nanoscience & Nanomaterials" (world ranking: 58), "Materials Engineering" (world ranking: 48), "Chemical Engineering" (world ranking: 43), "Mechanical Engineering" (world ranking: 58), "Civil Engineering" (world ranking: 76), "Environmental Engineering" (world ranking: 98), "Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences" (world rank: 15) and "Transportation Science & Technology" (world rank: 123). Other top positions are also in “Physical Sciences” (Germany: 3; World: 55); “Mathematical Sciences” (ranking Germany: 2; world ranking: 66); "Engineering" (ranking in Germany: 3 (after ranking 1 in the previous year); world ranking 107); "Electrical & Electronics Engineering" (ranking Germany: 2; world ranking: 70), "Information & Computing Sciences" (ranking Germany: 2; world ranking: 63), "Earth Sciences" (ranking Germany: 2; world ranking: 54), " Geology "(Germany: 5; world ranking: 111)," Metallurgy Engineering "(Germany: 2; world ranking: 34) and" Architecture "(Germany: 2; world ranking: 71) achieved.

In the Times Higher Education ranking of the world's best universities, KIT ranks 133rd overall in 2018 (2016: 138th place; 2017: 144th place). In the “Engineering and Technology” category, it ranks 55th (2016: 48th place; 2017: 60th place) and 61st place in the “Physical Sciences” category (2016: 46th place; 2017: 68th place). In the same ranking, KIT achieved 26th place in the subject of computer science in 2017 and is therefore one of the world's leading universities in computer science.

In the global U-Multirank ranking sponsored by the EU, KIT is listed in all categories in 57th place out of a total of 1610 universities. Throughout Germany, KIT thus achieved 1st place out of 99 universities examined. The following state universities are the LMU Munich, the HU Berlin and the TU Munich. In the U-Multirank 2020, KIT was able to hold first place among German universities.

In the 2019 Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities ("NTU Ranking"), in which research performance is measured on the basis of publications, KIT takes first place in the research fields of both engineering and natural sciences, as in previous years in Germany.

In the Leiden ranking , which is also based exclusively on bibliometric indicators, in 2018 the KIT ranks 39th in engineering and natural sciences according to the "Impact" indicator and 35th place worldwide according to the "Collaboration" indicator and 1st place in Germany before RWTH Aachen (80th place each) and the Technical University of Munich (89th and 79th place). In Europe, the KIT ranks 5th and 7th according to the two indicators.

In the Research Ranking of the Association for Information Systems (AIS), KIT ranks 5th in the Europe / Africa region for the period 2017–2019. The KIT is thus the best university in Germany and the DACH region in terms of research performance in international business informatics. The research performance is quantified based on publications in the top journals in the discipline ISR, MISQ, JMIS, and JAIS. Other German universities represented in the top 20 of the list are the University of Mannheim (7th place) as well as the TU Darmstadt and the University of Cologne (both in 16th place).

In the Webometrics Ranking of World Universities for 2020, KIT ranks fourth out of 455 universities and scientific institutions in Germany.

The KIT also regularly achieves top positions in the CHE ranking . Practically all major engineering courses can be found in the top group in most of the categories. In 2016, the field of mechanical engineering achieved the top ranking in 11 of 13 categories. In the same year, a top position was achieved in 8 of 13 categories in electrical engineering and information technology. In 2017, the field of industrial engineering was able to take a place in the top group in 13 of 20 categories (more top positions than any other German university in this field). In 2018, the KIT achieved a top position in 8 out of 12 categories in the subject of computer science, the subject chemistry a top position in 5 of 7 categories, and the subject sport a top position in 7 out of 13 categories.

Rankings from the employer's perspective

In the ranking of the journal Wirtschaftswoche , in the course of which decision-makers are asked by companies about their preferences, KIT regularly ranks among the top 3 in the subjects of electrical engineering, computer science, mechanical engineering and industrial engineering. The top position is often achieved, especially in the field of IT.

In the QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2017 , which follow a similar approach to the ranking of Wirtschaftswoche on a global level, KIT ranks 20th worldwide. It thus ranks first in Germany and fifth in Europe. In the same ranking for 2018, KIT was able to defend its top position in Germany and further expand its lead over the other German universities.

According to a study from 2015, KIT produced the largest number of top managers among German universities with 24 board members from the 100 largest German companies. The University of Cologne (17), the RWTH Aachen (17), the University of Mannheim (13) and the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich (13) follow in the next places .

As part of the 7th DAX board report from 2018, the training of DAX board members was compared. According to this, the KIT together with the Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich with 6 graduates each, ahead of the RWTH Aachen and the University of Hanover (each 5 graduates) have the most board members of companies in the German leading index. The TU Darmstadt and the University of Cologne follow on the other places, each with four graduates.

Facilities and structures

main building

The main building (Kaiserstraße 12) of the then polytechnic school in Karlsruhe was built in 1833–1835 by Heinrich Hübsch in the so-called round arch style with a facade made of red stone. In 1861–1864, Friedrich Theodor Fischer extended it by symmetrically doubling the original building and adding a main entrance in between. Its portal figures of Erwin von Steinbach and Johannes Kepler were created by Alois Raufer . The building burned down in 1944, and the reconstruction was carried out in 1955 by the Karlsruhe State Building Authority. The facades have been rebuilt in their original forms, with the exception of the staircase, however, the interior has been changed. The statue of Pallas Athena erected in the main courtyard is incorrectly interpreted in the student mouth as the personified "Fridericiana" and plays a role in graduation rituals.

KIT library

→ Main article : KIT library

The KIT library is the central library of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. The two central libraries at Campus North (CN) and Campus South (CS) provide an interdisciplinary collection of over two million books, research reports and 28,000 journals in printed and electronic form for students and researchers. The technical focus of the KIT library is on the natural and engineering sciences.

Most of the books and magazines are freely accessible and can be used around the clock (24-hour library on the CS) or until midnight (Karlsruhe University of Applied Sciences) and can be borrowed and returned via self-booking systems; Literature not available on site can be obtained via document delivery services on request. Over 1,000 networked, modernly equipped reading room spaces are available.

In 1995/96, with the support of the Faculty of Computer Science at the KIT library, the meta search engine Karlsruhe Virtual Catalog (KVK) was developed, which served as a template for further meta catalogs .

Steinbuch Center for Computing

→ Main article : Steinbuch Center for Computing

The Steinbuch Center for Computing (SCC) is the computing center of the KIT. It was created in 2008 from the merger of the university's data centers and the research center. The SCC is connected to the German Research Network and the State Research Network BelWü , among others , and is also responsible for the technical infrastructure of the KIT.

Center for Innovation & Entrepreneurship (CIE)

The CIE is an entrepreneurial platform for students, scientists and alumni of KIT, the Karlsruhe Technology Region and other leading institutions in Germany and abroad who are interested in founding a company. The CIE platform is developing into a start-up club in which young entrepreneurs help each other to become successful. Budding founders are advised from the initial idea, business concepts are further developed, co-founders are sought and investors and business angels are mediated. Founded in 2008 by the entrepreneurs and alumni of the University of Karlsruhe (TH) Christian Schwarzkopf and Tim Lagerpusch, it offers a wide range of services, ranging from consulting and concept development to infrastructure provision and financing. In addition, the CIE provides a start-up office in which seven founding teams are currently given the opportunity to continue working on their idea for about six months. The services of the CIE are free of charge for founders. The main focus of all activities of the CIE is on the development of a lively founder club, whose members will continue to advise and support each other in the future. In the event of economic success, it is expected that the founders support the club financially and are ready to offer services in order to promote future generations of founders. As a KIT project, the CIE is financially supported by the Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology and the European Social Fund . Furthermore, the CIE works closely with the two university groups PionierGarage and Business Masters.

KIT high-tech incubator

The KIT high-tech incubator was conceived and implemented as part of the KIT foundation. It is located in building 717 on the north campus of KIT. While the core activities for KIT battery research are being developed on around 30 percent of the area and a further 20 percent are occupied by a partial professorship in the field of thin-film technology, the second half (800 m²) is reserved exclusively for KIT start-up projects. Throughout KIT, these rooms are available to selected spin-offs with distinct laboratory needs. Today, various companies are in the start-up and growth phase. In addition to various technological developments, the areas of laser lithography and new optoelectronic materials for OLED and organic photovoltaics (OPV) have been developed to market maturity.

Old stadium

Old stadium

→ Main article : Old University Stadium Karlsruhe

The "Old Stadium" was built under the direction of Hermann Alker between 1925 and 1930, and in 1934 work on the world's first cantilevered grandstand roof was completed. While the cinder track had to give way to the new chemical buildings after the war, the grandstand with the sports hall below was retained. The sports hall is still used today by the sports institute and for various cultural events. In the outer wings of the stadium building there are practice rooms for the architecture students and the working group culture and communication .

Like the library, the stadium is also a listed building.

Lecture halls

The largest lecture hall at KIT is the Audimax, which was inaugurated in 2002

Panorama of the Audimax lecture hall

The largest lecture hall of KIT is the Audimax ( Auditorium maximum ), which opened in 2002 and has 734 seats. Behind it is the Gerthsen lecture hall with 705 seats. The campus has a total of more than 50 lecture halls.

Measuring tower

Measurement tower on the north campus.

The KIT also has a 200 meter high meteorological measuring tower , which is on the list of the tallest structures in Germany .

LOPES

→ Main article : LOPES

LOPES, a digital radio antenna field for measuring air showers triggered by cosmic radiation, is located on Campus North. The project started in 2003 with 10 dipole antennas. In 2005, 20 more dipole antennas were installed and in 2010 a conversion to 10 tripole antennas took place, whereby each tripole antenna consists of three crossed, perpendicular dipole antennas. The Institute for Nuclear Physics (IKP) is involved in the world's largest experiment to measure ultra-high-energy cosmic rays , the Pierre Auger Observatory .

Nuclear reactors

The following six nuclear reactors were operated at the former nuclear research center in Karlsruhe between 1961 and 1996.

Surname	designated voltage	commissioning acceptance	Out of service	thermal power	description
Research reactor 2	FR-2	March 7, 1961	December 21, 1981	44 MW	Moderated heavy water
Fast thermal Argonaut reactor Karlsruhe	STRONG	January 11, 1963	March 1976	10 watts	Research reactor
Siemens teaching reactor Karlsruhe	SUR-KA	March 7, 1966	September 1996	0.1 watt	Zero-power reactor for training in so-called solid-homogeneous construction
Fast zero-energy arrangement Karlsruhe	SNEAK	December 15, 1966	November 1985	1 kW	Zero power reactor for breeder reactor development
Multipurpose research reactor Karlsruhe	MZFR	December 19, 1966	March 3, 1984	170 MW	Power plant with heavy water reactor in pressure tube construction
Compact sodium-cooled nuclear reactor facility Karlsruhe  I / II	KNK I / II	20th August 1971	23rd August 1991	60 MW	Power plant with prototype breeder reactor , sodium-cooled

Helmholtz Institute Ulm

The Helmholtz Institute Ulm for Electrochemical Energy Storage is a facility founded on January 1, 2011 on the Ulm University campus, which, under the direction of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the University of Ulm, deals with battery research for electromobility and the storage of alternative energies . Associated partners are the German Aerospace Center (DLR) and the Center for Solar Energy and Hydrogen Research Baden-Württemberg (ZSW).

As a Helmholtz institution, the HIU is financed 90 percent by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and ten percent by the state of Baden-Württemberg. The DLR finances a professorship with a working group. The annual budget of the HIU amounts to 5 million euros (as of 2012). In 2013, the Helmholtz Institute is to be given new housing, which will cost the state of Baden-Württemberg and Ulm University a total of 12 million euros and will provide a workplace for 80 employees.

The research focuses on basic electrochemical research, materials research , theory and modeling of (electro) chemical processes as well as overarching system analysis. In addition, analysis methods for researching atomic processes during the charging and discharging process are being developed.

Schiltach Joint Geoscientific Observatory (BFO)

Since 1972, KIT and the University of Stuttgart have operated the geoscientific observatory Black Forest Observatory in the former Grube Anton mine in Schiltach in the Black Forest .

Guiding principle

This article or the following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

Hint text - VonDerSchuldenburg ( discussion ) 21:05, 4. Mar. 2020 (CET)

The founding of the KIT is based on a number of elementary, but decisive thoughts: On the one hand, the aim was to create an institution of this kind that is unique in Germany and that connects and networks research and teaching. On the other hand, the idea of ​​excellence or the formation of excellence combined with enormous dynamic growth potential was a major goal on the horizon from the start.

Topics of the cooperation that preceded the merger in 2009 included

• KIT Research Area Scientific Computing / Grid Computing , including the joint "Virtual Computing Center"
• Merger of the data centers of the University of Karlsruhe (TH) and the Karlsruhe Research Center to form the SCC ( Steinbuch Center for Computing )
• Micro and nanotechnology as well
• KIT Research Area Materials Research for Energy

Personalities and alumni

See also : List of personalities from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

See also : List of honorary doctorates from the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

See also : List of Honorary Senators of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

See also : List of honorary citizens of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

Nobel Prize Winner

Heinrich Hertz experimentally demonstrated the existence of electromagnetic waves at the TH Karlsruhe.

6 Nobel Prize winners studied, taught or researched at their predecessor organizations - namely the TH Karlsruhe and the University of Karlsruhe:

• Ferdinand Braun (1850–1918) - Professor in Karlsruhe (1883–1887) - Nobel Prize in Physics (1909 with Guglielmo Marconi) for his contribution to the development of wireless telegraphy
• Fritz Haber (1868–1934) - Professor in Karlsruhe (1906–1911) - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1918) for the catalytic synthesis of ammonia from its elements nitrogen and hydrogen
• Lavoslav Ružicka (1887–1976) - studied in Karlsruhe - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1939 together with Adolf Butenandt) for his work on polymethylene and higher terpene compounds
• George de Hevesy (1885–1966) - studied in Karlsruhe - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1943) for his work on the use of isotopes as indicators in the study of chemical processes
• Hermann Staudinger (1881–1965) - Associate Professor in Karlsruhe (1907–1912) - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1953) for his discoveries in the field of macromolecular chemistry
• Jean-Marie Lehn (* 1939) - Director of the Karlsruhe Institute (1998–?) - Nobel Prize in Chemistry (1987 with Donald J. Cram and Charles Pedersen) for the development and use of molecules with structure-specific interactions of high selectivity and the study of polycyclic ones Cryptate cage molecules

Directors, Rectors and Presidents

→ Main article : List of directors, rectors and presidents of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology

The physicist Gustav Friedrich Wucherer , who held the office for seven years, became the first director in 1825 . In 1895 the office of director was changed into that of rector, after the merger of the university and research center in 2009 a presidium was set up. From 2009 to 2012 Horst Hippler and Eberhard Umbach were the presidents of KIT. Hippler had previously been rector of the university since 2002, and Umbach had been chairman of the research center's board of directors since 2007. From October 2012 Eberhard Umbach was the sole President of KIT. In June 2013, Holger Hanselka was elected by the Supervisory Board and Senate to succeed Eberhard Umbach. Hanselka began his six-year term as President of KIT on October 1, 2013.

Memberships

KIT is a member of TU9 German Institutes of Technology e. V.

literature

• Klaus-Peter Hoepke: History of the Fridericiana. Stations in the history of the University of Karlsruhe (TH) from its foundation in 1825 to the year 2000 . Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe, 2007 ISBN 978-3-86644-138-5 (full text available online)

• Michael Hartmann: The way to KIT: from the decades of cooperation between the Karlsruhe Research Center and the University of Karlsruhe (TH) to the establishment of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. A representation based on the statements of contemporary witnesses . KIT Scientific Publishing, Karlsruhe 2013, ISBN 978-3-7315-0032-2 (full text available online)

Web links

Commons : Karlsruhe Institute of Technology  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• KIT website
• Joint statutes of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)
• Karlsruhe Institute of Technology in the Stadtwiki Karlsruhe
• Karlsruhe Student Union
• Student Representation (AStA)
• Friends of the student body of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology e. V.
• List of student associations at KIT
• Holdings of the KIT archive in the archive portal-D

Individual references and sources

1. ^ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology: Presidium> President. Accessed July 31, 2019 . 
2. ↑ Student statistics. (PDF) Retrieved February 6, 2020 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b c} data and facts. Retrieved August 25, 2020 . 
4. ↑ Network. List of universities in the DFH network. In: www.dfh-ufa.org. Franco-German University, accessed on October 6, 2019 .  
5. ^ Service portal Baden-Württemberg: Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). Retrieved June 7, 2018 . 
6. ↑ First round in the Excellence Initiative decided. Retrieved July 22, 2019 . 
7. ↑ Decisions in the Excellence Strategy: Excellence Commission selects ten Excellence Universities and one Excellence Network. Retrieved July 20, 2019 . 
8. ^ Ferdinand Redtenbacher: The founder of scientific mechanical engineering. Retrieved February 26, 2020 . 
9. ↑ Computer Science: Bachelor / Master (study guide). Retrieved March 12, 2020 . 
10. ↑ Anniversary celebration - 40 years of the Faculty of Computer Science. Retrieved February 26, 2020 . 
11. ↑ Brief history of the first German Internet e-mail. Retrieved February 26, 2020 . 
12. ↑ Karlsruhe: From fan-shaped city to startup city. Retrieved February 26, 2020 . 
13. ^ Co-founder of computer science: On the 100th birthday of Karl Steinbuch. Retrieved February 26, 2020 . 
14. ↑ Ulrich Pfammatter: The Invention of the Modern Architect: Polytechnical and Industrial Training for Architects and Engineers - A Chapter of Building History. 1st edition, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1997, ISBN 978-3-7643-5473-2 , p. 228.
15. ↑ Ulrich Pfammatter: The Invention of the Modern Architect: Polytechnical and Industrial Training for Architects and Engineers - A Chapter of Building History. 1st edition, Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel / Boston / Berlin 1997, ISBN 978-3-7643-5473-2 , p. 232 ff.
16. ^ Peter Liptau: Alsatian students at German educational institutions - A consideration using the example of Karlsruhe. Strasbourg 2015, ISSN  2417-1581
17. ^ ^{A b} Klaus-Peter Hoepke et al .: History of the Fridericiana. Stations in the history of the University of Karlsruhe (TH) from its founding in 1825 to the year 2000. Universitätsverlag Karlsruhe, 2007, pp. 72, 83 , accessed on January 23, 2017 . 
18. ↑ The Karlsruhe Institute of Technology: Experienced and successful in teaching and research. Retrieved August 15, 2020 . 
19. ^ Hans-Wolf Thümmel: Carl Benz and the Technical University of Karlsruhe. In: Fridericiana - Journal of the University of Karlsruhe. Issue 38, June 1986, p. 29, online at mach.kit.edu, accessed on January 23, 2017 (PDF; 15.3 MB).
20. ↑ Bernd Reinhoffer: Local Studies and General Studies in the Beginning Class - Developments, Status , Trends. Dissertation. Klinkhardt, Bad Heilbrunn 2000. ISBN 3-7815-1084-0 . From Books.Google.fr ( digitized version ), accessed on November 2, 2019.
21. ^ "New Signet" from the University of Karlsruhe (TH). (PDF; 6.2 kB) In: 150 years University of Karlsruhe, the anniversary year in words and pictures. 1976, p. 176 , accessed January 23, 2017 . 
22. ^ The annual report of the staff council for the year 2005. (PDF; 90 kB) (No longer available online.) In: Website of the University of Karlsruhe. Staff Council of the University of Karlsruhe, archived from the original on January 6, 2007 ; accessed on January 23, 2017 . 
23. ↑ Research University - founded in 1825: With this addition to its name, the University of Karlsruhe underlines its research strength. In: Website of the University of Karlsruhe. Retrieved January 23, 2017 . 
24. ↑ Universität Karlsruhe has a new name - Fridericiana positions itself as a research university. In: Abitur-und-Studium.de. Retrieved January 23, 2017 . 
25. ↑ § 21 paragraph 2 of the law to merge the University of Karlsruhe and the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH in the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. At Landesrecht-BW.de, accessed on January 23, 2017.
26. ↑ Dietrich Schulze: Nuclear weapons research ban and military research at KIT - 60 years of the Nuremberg Trial - Uniform civil clause in the establishment law for the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) essential. In: Our time. DKP newspaper, June 12, 2009, online at DKP-Online.de, accessed on January 30, 2017.
27. ↑ Resonator podcast of the Helmholtz Association : The KIT (episode 23, January 10, 2014)
28. ^ ^{A b} Christian Schwägerl: Elite Institute KIT: "Partners become a unit". In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung. November 22, 2006, accessed January 23, 2017 . 
29. ↑ Printed matter 14/4600: Draft law of the state government - law to merge the University of Karlsruhe and the Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH in the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT Merger Act). (PDF; 244 kB) June 9, 2009, accessed January 25, 2017 . 
30. ↑ Printed matter 14/4677: Recommendation for a resolution and report by the Committee for Science, Research and Art on the state government's draft law - Printed matter 14/4600. (PDF; 76 kB) July 6, 2009, accessed January 25, 2017 . 
31. ↑ 14th State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg: Agenda for the 70th session, Wednesday, July 8, 2009, 10:00 a.m. (PDF) July 9, 2009, accessed January 25, 2017 . 
32. ↑ Joint statutes of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). In: Official Notice. No. 51, December 20, 2013, pp. 324–341, accessed on January 25, 2017 (PDF; 92 kB).
33. ↑ Massachusettch? Massasusettschs? Massachusetts? Just say Karlsruhe. YouTube video, October 13, 2009, accessed January 23, 2017 . 
34. ↑ EIVP Ecole des ingénieurs de la ville de Paris ( Memento from June 1, 2002 in the Internet Archive )
35. ↑ ^{a b} Directions and address. KIT, accessed on January 23, 2017 . 
36. ↑ The KIT - data and facts. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on August 26, 2010 ; accessed on January 23, 2017 . 
37. ^ Badische Latest Nachrichten, Karlsruhe, edition of March 11, 2011, "From the region"
38. ↑ The Presidium of KIT. Retrieved August 11, 2019 . 
39. ↑ KIT Supervisory Board. Retrieved November 29, 2019 . 
40. ↑ KIT press release. Retrieved November 29, 2019 . 
41. ↑ The KIT Institutes. Retrieved January 30, 2017 . 
42. ^ Institute for Nuclear Waste Management
43. ↑ ZZVO Universities 2019/20. landesrecht-bw.de, November 2019, accessed on November 10, 2019 . 
44. ↑ student statistics. Retrieved March 14, 2019 . 
45. ↑ Quota of women at German colleges and universities: Most of the female professors work here. October 9, 2019. From WBS-Gruppe.de, accessed on November 2, 2019.
46. ↑ Students at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on September 19, 2011 ; Retrieved June 19, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
47. ↑ Student statistics for the winter semester 2012/13 at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT). (PDF; 284 kB) Retrieved January 25, 2013 . 
48. ↑ New high: almost 24,000 students at KIT. Retrieved December 12, 2012 . 
49. ↑ Student representatives in the parliament of the student body
50. ↑ Green alternative list
51. ↑ List of independent students
52. ↑ Turnout 2013: 4734 out of 21995
53. ↑ voter turnout 2014: 3988 of 22497
54. ↑ 2015 voter turnout: 4003 of 22672 see archived copy ( memento of the original from July 24, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
55. ↑ voter turnout 2016: 3671 of 23176 see election record of 2016 (PDF)
56. ↑ voter turnout 2017: 3114 of 23715; see election record of 2017 (PDF)
57. ↑ voter turnout 2018: 3512 of 23118; see 2018 results
58. ↑ voter turnout 2019: 3038 of 22780; see 2019 election
59. ↑ With a turnout of 20.5 percent (4866 of 23,717).
60. ↑ Constitution of the student body , official announcement of the KIT, accessed on July 24, 2017
61. ^ Association of the student body of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. (PDF; 511 kB) Retrieved November 27, 2012 . 
62. ^ Annual report 2014 , studierendenschaft.org
63. ^ Elections of the student body at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology .
64. ↑ Turnout 2003: 2,974 of 16,201
65. ↑ Voter turnout 2004: 3,375 of 16,889
66. ↑ Turnout in 2005: 3,475 of 17,666
67. ↑ voter turnout 2006: 3,521 of 18,245
68. ↑ voter turnout in 2007: 3,712 of 18,515
69. ↑ Voter turnout in 2008: 3,623 out of 18,353
70. ↑ Voter turnout in 2009: 3,750 of 18,748
71. ↑ Voter turnout in 2010: 4,512 out of 19,721
72. ↑ Voter turnout 2011: 4,306 of 20,771
73. ↑ Voter turnout in 2012: 5,055 of 22,552
74. ↑ Turnout 2013: 4,802 of 23,905
75. ↑ List of the university groups registered with the AStA , AStA at KIT, accessed on July 24, 2017.
76. ↑ University group regulations of the student body of KIT , AStA at KIT or official announcement of KIT , accessed on July 24, 2017.
77. ↑ List of the working groups of the KIT student body , AStA at KIT, accessed on July 24, 2017.
78. ↑ Organizational statutes of the student body of KIT , AStA at KIT, accessed on July 24, 2017.
79. ↑ Z10.info : Website of the student center Zähringerstraße 10 e. V. Accessed January 30, 2017.
80. ↑ AKK.org : Website of the working group culture and communication. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
81. ^ Info from the dormitory department / Information from housing department. Studierendenwerk Karlsruhe, accessed on February 4, 2017 . 
82. ↑ The dorm. Hans-Dickmann-Kolleg, accessed on February 4, 2017 . 
83. ^ The Hans Freudenberg College. Hans-Freudenberg-Kolleg, accessed on June 11, 2017 . 
84. ^ Kolleg am Ring - self-administered student dormitory. Kolleg am Ring, accessed on February 4, 2017 . 
85. ↑ The rooms and corridors in the Insterburg. Insterburg, accessed February 4, 2017 . 
86. ↑ Home self-management . Hermann Ehlers College. Retrieved June 7, 2019.
87. ↑ student apartment. In: Stadtwiki Karlsruhe, accessed on February 4, 2017.
88. ^ Karlsruhe Corps. Retrieved on March 4, 2020 (German). 
89. ↑ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology: KIT - PI 2018 . September 8, 2019.
90. ↑ DFG list of the EXC .
91. ^ Grid Computing Center Karlsruhe (GridKa) - German Tier 1 center for the LHC. At KIT.edu, accessed on February 4, 2017.
92. ↑ Grid Computing - Information about GridKa. On GridKa.de, accessed on February 4, 2017.
93. ↑ "Fully automatic parcel delivery service in the test" , Südwestrundfunk (SWR), July 5, 2019
94. ^ "EFRE program Baden-Württemberg" Ministry for Rural Areas and Consumer Protection Baden-Württemberg , accessed in March 2020
95. ↑ Decision on the Excellence Initiative: Five new members among the elite universities. ( Memento from October 11, 2012 on WebCite ) On Tagesschau.de, June 15, 2012, accessed on June 15, 2012.
96. ↑ Excellence strategy: KIT successful with two excellence clusters (KIT press release). Retrieved December 7, 2018 . 
97. ↑ Decisions in the Excellence Strategy: The Excellence Commission selects ten Universities of Excellence and one Excellence Network. Retrieved July 20, 2019 . 
98. ↑ QS World University Rankings 2015/2016. Retrieved December 24, 2016 . 
99. ^ QS World University Rankings by Subject 2017. Retrieved February 28, 2018 . 
100. ↑ QS World University Rankings by Subject 2018. Retrieved February 28, 2018 . 
101. ↑ Shanghai Ranking: Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2017. Accessed May 1, 2018 . 
102. ^ Shanghai Ranking: Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2018. Accessed July 23, 2018 . 
103. ↑ Shanghai Ranking's Global Ranking of Academic Subjects 2019 - Atmospheric Science. Retrieved July 18, 2019 . 
104. ↑ Atmospheric research at KIT is twice as good. Retrieved July 23, 2019 . 
105. ^ University Ranking by Academic Performance (URAP) 2017–2018: Field Based Ranking by Country. Retrieved September 7, 2018 . 
106. ^ Karlsruhe Institute of Technology: Rankings 2018. In: TIMES Higher Education World University Rankings. From timeshighereducation.com. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
107. ↑ World University Rankings 2015–2016. In: TIMES Higher Education World University Rankings. From timeshighereducation.com. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
108. ↑ World University Rankings 2016–2017. In: TIMES Higher Education World University Rankings. From timeshighereducation.com. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
109. ↑ Placement in computer science in the Times Higher Education Ranking 2017. Accessed on November 10, 2016 . 
110. ↑ U-Multirank 2019. Retrieved March 14, 2019 . 
111. ↑ U-Multirank 2020 - German Universities in Global Comparison. Retrieved June 17, 2020 . 
112. ↑ National Taiwan University Performance Ranking of Scientific Papers for World Universities 2019. Retrieved July 23, 2018 . 
113. ↑ Leiden Ranking 2018. Accessed August 15, 2018 . 
114. ↑ AIS Research Ranking (KIT press release). Retrieved January 23, 2020 . 
115. ^ Webometrics Ranking of World Universities. Retrieved June 27, 2020 . 
116. ↑ CHE Ranking 2016 (KIT press release). Retrieved February 8, 2018 . 
117. ↑ CHE Ranking 2017 (KIT press release). Retrieved February 8, 2018 . 
118. ↑ CHE Ranking 2018 (KIT press release). Retrieved May 8, 2018 . 
119. ↑ University ranking 2012 by Wirtschaftswoche. Retrieved December 1, 2017 . 
120. ↑ 2013 Uni-Ranking of Wirtschaftswoche. Retrieved December 1, 2017 . 
121. ↑ 2014 Uni-Ranking of Wirtschaftswoche. Retrieved December 1, 2017 . 
122. ↑ 2015 Uni-Ranking of Wirtschaftswoche. Retrieved December 1, 2017 . 
123. ↑ 2016 Uni-Ranking of Wirtschaftswoche. Retrieved December 1, 2017 . 
124. ↑ QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2017. Accessed December 1, 2017 . 
125. ↑ QS Graduate Employability Rankings 2018. Accessed December 1, 2017 . 
126. ↑ Where Germany's top managers studied. Retrieved August 28, 2019 . 
127. ↑ Where Germany's top managers studied. Retrieved August 12, 2020 . 
128. ↑ Home .
129. ↑ Pioneer Garage - Student Entrepreneurs in Karlsruhe .
130. ↑ Home .
131. ↑ ^{a b} KIT press release , KIT press release on the start of the HIU
132. ↑ Ulm University: Start of the HIU. November 26, 2011, accessed February 17, 2020 . Article on uni-ulm.de ( memento from July 19, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), press release from Ulm University on the start of the HIU 
133. ↑ Start for the Helmholtz Institute , article on chemie.de from January 19, 2011
134. ↑ University of Stuttgart: BFO. Retrieved February 17, 2020 . Rudolf Widmer-Schnidrig: A brief history of the Observatory. In: Black Forest Observatory (BFO). Archived from the original on November 20, 2012 ; accessed on December 14, 2018 .  
135. ↑ Senate confirms the election of Holger Hanselka , press release 078/2013 of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology. Retrieved July 21, 2013.

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• Law for the further development of the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT Further Development Act - KIT-WG): Draft law of the state government. (PDF; 205 kB) State Parliament of Baden-Württemberg, 15th electoral period, March 27, 2012, accessed on May 31, 2012 . 
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Coordinates: 49 ° 0 ′ 34.1 ″  N , 8 ° 24 ′ 42 ″  E