Tüllinger mountain

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Tüllinger mountain
Tüllinger Berg seen from Riehen

Tüllinger mountain of Riehen seen from

height 460.2  m above sea level. NHN
location Loerrach , District Loerrach , Baden-Württemberg ( Germany )
Mountains Markgräfler hill country
Coordinates 47 ° 37 '11 "  N , 7 ° 38' 8"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 37 '11 "  N , 7 ° 38' 8"  E
Tüllinger Berg (Baden-Württemberg)
Tüllinger mountain
particularities The Lörrach district of Tüllingen and the hamlet of Ötlingen are located on the mountain

The Tüllinger Berg (short form: Tüllinger , in Switzerland also Tüllinger Hügel ) is 460.2  m above sea level. NHN high wooded mountain in Baden-Württemberg , in the triangle of Germany, France and Switzerland. At its widest point, the east-west extension of the Tüllinger Berg is about two kilometers, its north-south extension is around five kilometers and thus forms a natural border between the urban areas of Lörrach and Weil am Rhein . The edge of the high bank of the Rheintal and Wiesenaue is topographically significant . The slope of the Tüllinger mountain with its western mountain nose characterizes the surrounding landscape. The border between Germany and Switzerland also runs along the south-eastern foothills of the mountain .

The Tüllinger Berg, criss-crossed by numerous hiking trails , serves both as a vantage point and as a local recreation area for the Markgräfler Hügelland region. Because of its soil diversity and the mild climate, the Markgräfler wine , among other things, is grown on the slopes of the Tüllinger . In addition, large parts of the mountain have been elevated to protected areas and form an important habitat for flora and fauna .

location

The geologically significant Tüllinger Berg is located in the urban area of ​​Lörrach, whose Tüllingen district to the east of the hilltop offers a view of the triangle, the knee of the Rhine and the surrounding cities of Lörrach, Weil am Rhein and Basel . The Tumringen district is located on the northwestern foothills of the Tüllinger Berg . Compared to the town of Lörrach to the east and the valley axis, the Tüllinger rises a good 160 meters; compared to the urban area of ​​Weil there is even more than 180 meters of altitude difference.

The exposed district of Ötlingen , which belongs to the town of Weil am Rhein, is also located on the Tüllinger Berg to the west of the hilltop . This mountain spur is sometimes referred to as the Ötlinger Berg or Ötlinger Hornspitze and rises up to 355 meters. From a geological point of view, the Ötlinger Berg is a fault . Western slope foothills are also on the boundary of Haltingen . The Swiss municipality of Riehen , which has some vineyards on the south- eastern slope - called Schlipf - has a very small area of ​​the Tüllinger Berg .

Slips

Due to the geological composition of the Tüllinger Berg , it is repeatedly exposed to earth slips . Already in 1328 there was talk of "the sliffe" in the Riehener community files, in 1344 Weiler files also refer to it. Larger landslides are reported in chronicles for the years 1450, 1697 and 1712.

A particularly strong slip occurred on July 22nd, 1758. In the contemporary description it is said that “the vineyard in the slip opened in an uncanny way”. The holes formed were so large that entire houses would have fit into the openings. The earth passage caused springs to dry up, paths and vineyards sink. The hamlet of Teich was filled in over a length of 180 meters. The event of 1758 was caused by persistent rainfall and flooding of the meadow . The "big rumble" was captured graphically by the Basel topographer and draftsman Emanuel Büchel .

Even if the slips on the Riehen side were more substantial due to the steeper slope, there were also landslides on the Haltingen side. Even after 1758 there were major landslides, which were not infrequently caused or favored by human intervention in the construction of roads, the excavation of trenches and pits and other slope cuts. Even if the mountain slips became rarer in the 20th century, road damage caused by them occurred again and again in the 1960s and 1970s. Both the railway tunnel from 1890 and the Ötlinger Berg have molasses that originally came from higher elevations of the Tüllinger Berg.

Protected areas

Nowadays, large parts of the Tüllinger Berg have been declared a landscape conservation area in order to secure the areas for local recreation . A 345 hectare area of ​​the mountain, which is composed of three different sub-areas, is designated as a protected area according to the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive . ( Tüllinger Berg and clay pit Rümmingen ). In addition, the exposed location of the mountain provides many weather stations with important measured values ​​for weather forecasting . The eastern hill of the Tüllinger Berg belongs to the eastern edge of the Southern Black Forest Nature Park . Tüllinger Berg is already a high-quality core habitat in terms of nature conservation, which is to be further upgraded in the context of many projects and measures.

There are a total of six different protection zones on the Tüllinger Berg :

description

Geology and use

Aerial view of the Tüllinger Berg from the north

The Tüllinger Berg lies mostly in the Tüllinger freshwater molasse , which is covered by Cyrene marl and sandy parts of the Alsatian molasse. The mountain was created by a rift valley and consists mostly of Tertiary rocks . The soils of the Tüllinger Berg consist of loess and clayey-sandy, calcareous soils and are used for vine and fruit plantations. Layers from the Upper Oligocene composed of marl clay, freshwater limestone and fine sands can be found especially along the mountain ridge . Some areas of lesser extent are loose or solid rock bodies with a largely dissolved structure (sliding mass). The south-west slope is called Schlipf due to this nature.

Closed rebate areas can be found in the south between Baselweg, Lichsenweg and the lower Wagenkehrweg in the direction of Alt-Weil. Due to the mild climate, the Markgräfler wine thrives on the southwest slope of the Tüllinger .

In addition to extensive orchards and vineyards, the Tüllinger Berg is characterized by its grave land, a small amount of arable land, especially in the northern part, and large areas of contiguous deciduous forest on the ridge. The top of the Tüllinger Berg is almost completely forested. The southern part of the forest is known as beetle wood, the northern part as the trout forest.

Lindenplatz

A frequently used place on the ridge of the Tüllinger Berg is the Lindenplatz. The course is located a little above Obertüllingen ( location ) and can be reached both by regular bus and by private transport. A parking lot for hikers is available for car traffic. The square is framed by the eponymous, sometimes centuries-old linden trees . From Lindenplatz you have a comprehensive view, especially of the Basle Bay, Weil am Rhein and the beginning of the Upper Rhine Valley. The traditional carnival fire takes place in the immediate vicinity in the open spaces at the edge of the forest. The square is often used as a starting point for guided hikes on the Tüllinger and is a popular attraction for people from the region. There are barbecue areas between the Lindenplatz and the northern Käferholz .

Natural allocation

The Tüllinger Berg belongs to the natural area 201 Markgräfler Hügelland within the natural spatial main unit 20 Northern Upper Rhine Lowland and thus forms its southernmost branch.

View from the western slope of the Tüllinger Berg in northwestern direction to Ötlingen

Flora and fauna

The Tüllinger Berg shows stocks of the fence bunting and the turning neck . The bunting population is the largest in southern Baden. In addition, one counts stocks of the common redstart and hoopoe . The oriole was also observed in the beetle wood . The large number of bird species (around 40 species in total) in the fruit tree meadows, which are rich in structure and old wood, make the area of ​​the Tüllinger Berg ornithologically important nationwide. In the beech forest, which is rich in old and dead wood, there are cave-breeding forest bird species such as the black , medium and gray woodpecker as well as the cory-breeding species black kite and tree falcon . These bird species use the adjacent open land to forage.

In spring, wild tulips ( Tulipa sylvestris ) bloom between the vines in the Schlipf . This relative of today's cultural tulip was probably introduced into the gardens of Central Europe as an ornamental plant from the Mediterranean region in the 16th century. It was widespread in the Kaiserstuhl , Markgräfler Land and Alsace . Due to the use of herbicides in soil management, the wild tulip populations are strongly declining.

Traffic routes

Pass road in winter between Tüllingen and Weil

Due to its location as a natural obstacle, two smaller mountain passes run over the Tüllinger Berg. One leads from Alt-Weil to Untertüllingen at an altitude of 381  m to Lörrach. In order to relieve this cumbersome transit traffic, the toll-free route, which partly runs on Swiss territory, was opened in 2013 to connect the two cities. At the northern edge of the foothills meet the Tüllinger mountain on the Black Forest belonging Röttler forest . The resulting busy pass crossing is called Lucke ( 366  m above sea  level ) and crosses several different traffic routes, including the A98 , in an east-west direction.

At the south-eastern foothills, the Weil am Rhein – Lörrach railway , also known as the garden railway, runs through the mountain with an 864 meter long tunnel. It was opened on May 20, 1890 after three years of construction.

Hiking trails

The eleven kilometer long 13th and last stage of the Westweg (variant A) from Wollbach to Basel runs over the Tüllinger Berg . The 92 kilometer long Markgräfler Wiiwegli ends near Ötlingen in the panorama path of the Tüllinger Berg and then leads down to the central Lindenplatz in Alt-Weil.

In order to bring visitors closer to the mountain, the Tri-national Environmental Center has put together six tours: north tour, art trail, summer tour, vine tour, south tour and a round tour.

Signpost of the wine route
The Kunstweg 24 stops

The Black Forest Tourism Association has launched three wine trails in cooperation with the local tourism associations. There is one almost two kilometers long (Tüllinger Weinweg) and two almost four kilometers long (Riehener and Weiler Weinweg) panoramic trails along the mountain slope with a few meters difference in altitude. A total of 50 themed panels provide information about the location, wines, landscape as well as nature and the everyday life of the winemakers . Various guided tours are also offered.

A section of the Way of St. James leads, coming from Binzen, through the village road from Ötlingen and further along the Tüllinger Berg to Weil am Rhein and into Switzerland.

On the south-western edge, the five-kilometer art trail leads 24 stops from the Vitra Campus in Weil to the Fondation Beyeler in Riehen. 24 sculptures and installations by Tobias Rehberger can be found there.

Along the state border there are some boundary stones , some of which are several hundred years old . The boundary stone no. 38 on Lichsenweg from 1491 was almost completely overgrown and filled with earth until the 1970s. The elevation and realignment of this landmark, accurate to the centimeter, was carried out by representatives of both state survey offices. To commemorate this boundary stone, the "Düllinger Landes Grenzstein-Bänkli" was inaugurated on September 16, 1997. In Germany you sit on this bench while your outstretched feet are on Swiss territory. Next to the bank is the sculpture “De Wiibuur vom Grenzck” by the artist Wolfgang Gerstner.

wine growing

Thanks to the mild climate, especially the warm air masses that the Burgundian Gate leads from the Mediterranean to the Markgräfler Land in spring, and the diverse and nutrient-rich soils, wine is grown on the slopes of the Tüllinger. Among other things, the varieties Gutedel , Silvaner and Pinot Noir grow . While around 60% red wine and around 40% white wine grapes are grown on the southern slope due to the higher hours of sunshine , the ratio is reversed on the eastern slope. The vineyards are spread over seven German and two Swiss wineries - some privately and some cooperatively organized.

literature

  • Otto Wittmann : Geological and geomorphological investigations on the Tüllinger Berg near Lörrach , separate print, 1965.
  • City of Lörrach (Ed.): Our Lörrach 1972, a border town in the mirror of time. Kropf and Herz Verlag, Lörrach 1973.
  • Otto Wittmann: The sloping mountain. Pp. 51-59.

Web links

Commons : Tüllinger Berg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
  2. ↑ Bußmann: NaturKultur der Weinberge between Freiburg and Basel , p. 83.
  3. ↑ TRUTZ: hiking guide Tüllinger Berg , p. 57.
  4. ^ Wittmann: Der Schlipfende Berg . Pp. 51-59.
  5. ↑ a b Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, Landkreis Lörrach (ed.): Der Landkreis Lörrach , Volume II (Kandern to Zell im Wiesental), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1994, ISBN 3-7995-1354-X , p. 84.
  6. ↑ LUBW (Ed.): MOBIL - Modellregion Biotopverbund MarggräflerLand , 2017 (PDF), pp. 39, 40, accessed on May 27, 2020
  7. ↑ Natura 2000 Management Plan (PDF), accessed on May 14, 2020.
  8. ↑ Mineralienatlas - Tüllinger Berg .
  9. ↑ a b TRUTZ: hiking guide Tüllinger Berg , p. 71.
  10. ^ Geological map of the district of Lörrach, supplement to: Landesarchivdirektion Baden-Württemberg, district of Lörrach (ed.): The district of Lörrach , Volume I (Aitern to Inzlingen), Jan Thorbecke Verlag Sigmaringen 1993, ISBN 3-7995-1353-1 .
  11. ↑ Oberzentrum Loerrach – Weil am Rhein. Joint landscape use plan 2022. Weil am Rhein sub-area. (PDF), p. 11, accessed on May 14, 2020.
  12. ↑ TRUTZ: hiking guide Tüllinger Berg , p. 79.
  13. ^ Freiburg Regional Council: Natura 2000 Management Plan Tüllinger Berg , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  14. ↑ Tülligerberg, Weil am Rhein, Germany , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  15. ↑ FFH area and bird sanctuary "Tüllinger Berg und Gleusen" , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  16. ↑ Weil / Rhein – Lörrach / Baden (Gartenbahn) , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  17. ↑ Der Weinweg , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  18. ↑ Wine trail tours , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  19. ↑ Maps of the Friends of the Himmelreich-Jakobusweg eV , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  20. ↑ Wiiwegli and Jakobsweg are one in the Markgräflerland , accessed on May 14, 2020.
  21. ↑ TRUTZ: hiking guide Tüllinger Berg , pp. 65, 67.
  22. ↑ TRUTZ: hiking guide Tüllinger Berg , p. 53.
  23. ↑ Der Weinweg (PDF), flyer of the project group “Der Weinweg”, accessed on May 26, 2020