Silvaner

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Silvaner
Synonyms Grüner Silvaner, Sylvaner - for more see section Synonyms
Silvaner
Art Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera )
Berry color green
use
origin Austria
known since 1659
VIVC no. 11805
ancestry

Cross of
Traminer × Austrian White

List of grape varieties

Silvaner , also Sylvaner or Grüner Silvaner ( French Rhin ), is an autochthonous white wine variety from Austria. It is most widespread in Germany. In its country of origin, Austria, it is only of secondary importance. With good ripeness and not too high yields, Silvaner produces harmonious wines with fine acidity and delicate flowers.

origin

Silvaner grapes

The Silvaner came to Germany from the Danube region in the 17th century and was previously called "Austrian" there. It was first verifiably planted in Germany in Castell on April 10, 1659 . In 1665 Alberich Degen , abbot of the Ebrach monastery , planted a Silvaner vine in the Würzburger Stein vineyard for the first time . In 2009, Germany celebrated the 350th anniversary of Silvanerrebe with a number of special events. Until the 1970s, the Silvaner was the most widely grown grape variety in Germany with more than 30% of the area. Then their proportion steadily decreased.

ancestry

Natural cross of Traminer × Austrian White .

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

  • The shoot tip is open. It is light green and hairy with medium wool. The young leaves are hairy and of a yellowish color.
  • The medium-sized leaves are rounded, mostly wholly or slightly three-lobed and not very bulged. The stem bay is V-shaped, open to closed. The leaf is only slightly serrated. The teeth are very broad compared to the grape varieties. The leaf surface (also called blade) is hardly blistered.
  • The mostly cylindrical grape is rarely shouldered, medium-sized and medium-dense to compact. The round berries are medium-sized and green in color. When overripe, the brown dotted berries turn yellow-green. The peel of the berry is medium to thick. Therefore the Silvaner is hardly sensitive to the raw rot .

Ripeness: The grapes ripen early to mid-October, physiologically about 2 weeks later than those of the Gutedel .

Variants from the Silvaner

Red Silvaner

Red berry variety from the Silvaner. The Happenbach variety emerged from a cross between Trollinger × Roter Silvaner .

Blue Silvaner

Blue Silvaner

Arose from a color mutation from the 'Grüner Silvaner' and is a white wine that is seldom grown today. The color of the grapes varies from a light shade of gray to a deep purple. The variety was selected from 'Grünes Silvaner' stocks from 1964 and has been approved as a high-yield grape variety in Germany since 1984. The variety should generally bring 4 ° Oechsle higher must weight. The wines are mostly fruity, richer in extract and have a red-gold shimmer with a short maceration.

→ see Blauer Silvaner

Yield

The Green Silvaner is vigorous in growth, fertile and - thanks to its strong flower firmness - delivers consistently high yields in frost-proof locations. 'Silvaner' is susceptible to powdery mildew and, due to the mediocre ripeness of the wood, sensitive to winter frost.

Very good qualities can be achieved with adequate yield regulation (→ vine training ).

selection

The clone selection was first practiced in 1876 by Gustav Adolf Froehlich with the Silvaner. He specifically propagated vines from particularly powerful vines.

Expectations

Silvaner needs fertile, well-drained, medium-heavy to heavy soils with a good supply of nutrients, otherwise the growth of the shoots will decrease significantly (it will cut down). Dry, shallow soils are unfavorable for the variety. Because it is sensitive to winter frost, it should not be planted in late-ripening or deep areas.

A bottle of Green Silvaner from 2015 from the Međimurje County , Northern Croatia

Wine

With good ripeness and not too high a yield, the variety delivers harmonious wines with fine acidity and delicate flowers. The wine character of the Silvaner is very much shaped by the location and the nature of the soil. They often become neutral on clay soils, but they develop on weathered soils such as B. in Franconia or around the Kaiserstuhl , fine, elegant wines. In terms of type, Silvaner is a grape variety that has a less pronounced interplay of fruit (→ acidity (wine) ), but is an excellent terroir indicator.

Advantages and disadvantages

advantages

  • Wears regularly and safely.
  • Requires medium-good locations with deep soils.

disadvantage

distribution

Silvaner grape

In Germany, 4977 ha (= 4.9% of the German vineyard area) were planted with the Silvaner grape variety in 2016. In 2006 it was 5314 ha, after 6828 ha had been surveyed in 1999.

Today the Silvanerrebe is mainly grown in Rheinhessen and the Palatinate . In Franconia , the Silvaner is even the leading variety together with the Müller-Thurgau . In Rheinhessen , wine marketing has created a high-quality seal of approval for the wine of this grape variety, the RS or Rheinhessen Silvaner. Further cultivation areas are Kaiserstuhl and Saale-Unstrut-Region , Austria , Switzerland (246.2 ha, as of 2014), whereby it is called Johannisberg in the Swiss canton Wallis , South Tyrol and Alsace (1446 ha).

The vineyards in Germany (as of 2014) are distributed among the individual growing areas as follows:

Growing area Area ha Proportion of %
Germany 5,031 4.9
Rhineland-Palatinate 3,291 5.1
Rheinhessen
 2,349 8.8
Palatinate
 698 3.0
Near
 243 5.8
Middle Rhine
 1
Bavaria (Franconia) 1,425 23.1
Baden-Württemberg 235 0.9
to bathe
 134
Württemberg
 101
Saale-Unstrut 55 0.7
Hesse 25th 0.7
Hessian mountain road
 16
Rheingau
 9

Synonyms

The Vitis International Variety Catalog lists the following 147 synonyms for Silvaner:

Arvine, Arvine Grande, Augustiner Weiss, Augustraub Weisse, Balint, Beregi Szilvani, Boetzinger, Cilifantli, Clozier, Cynifadl Zeleny, Cynifal, Cynifal Zeleny, Feuille Ronde, Fly Bunch, Franconia, Franconian Riesling, Franconian Bunch, Fueszeres Szilvani, Gamayvaner Blanc, Gentil Vert, Grande Arvine, Gros Plant du Rhin, Gros Rhin, Gros Riesling, Gros-Rhin, Gruene Honey Grape, Gruenedel, Gruener, Gruener Silvaner, Gruener Sylvaner, Gruener Zierfahndler, Gruener Zierfahnler, Gruener Zierfandl, Gruener Zierfandler, Gruener Zirenerfahndler Zirfantler, Gruenfraenkisch, Gruenlich Gelber Sylvaner, Gruner Sylvaner, Johannisberger, Krupnyi Risling, L'Auxerrois, Mishka, Momavaka, Monterey Riesling, Moravka, Morawka, Mourton, Movavka, Murza Selenschitz, Mushka, Oesteri, Musza, Nemesterreicher Gruener, Oesterreichisch, Oestreicher, Pepitraube, Pepltraube, Picardon Blanc, Picardor Blanc, Picardou Blanc, Plant du Reno, Plant du Rhin, Raisin d'Autriche, Rhi n, Ronfoliza, Roter Silvaner, Rother Zierfahnler, Rundblatt, Salfin, Salfin Belyi, Salfine Bely, Salvaner, Salvener, Salvenier, Salviner, Scharvaner, Scherwaner, Schoenfeiler, Schoenfeilner, Schwaebler, Schwuebler, Sedmogradka, Selmogradeni Zelenzhena, Sedmogradeni Zelenzhena Selivan, Silvain Vert, Silvanac Zeleni, Silvanai Zeleni, Silvaner, Silvaner Bianco, Silvaner Bianco Franken, Silvaner Blanc, Silvaner Green, Silvaner Gruener, Silvaner Verde, Silvaner Vert, Silvaner White, Silvani Zoeld, Silvania, Silvanske, Silvanske Zelene, Simonstraube, Sonoma Riesling, Sylvan Zeleny, Sylvaner, Sylvaner Green, Sylvaner Gruen, Sylvaner Verde, Sylvaner Vert, Sylvanertraub, Sylvanske Rane, Sylvanske Zelene, Szemendrianer, Szilvani Feher, Tschafahndler, Tschafahnler, Sylvaner Weissblanke, Weisser Augustiner, Weisser Silvaner Oesterreicher, , Ximenesia, Ximenestraub Fruehe, Yesil Silvaner, Zelena, Zelena Sedmogradka, Zelencic, Zeleni Silvanac, Zeleni Silvanec, Zeleny, Ziehfaedler, Z ierfahndler, Zierfahnler, Zierfandl, Zierfandler Gruener, Zierifandel, Zierifandler, Zinifal, Zoeld Silvani, Zoeld Szilvani, Zoeldsilvani, Zoeldszilvani.

Breeds

Silvaner was used in a number of new breeds such as: Bouquet grape , Juwel , Kanzler , Osteiner , Safe, Diana, Freisamer , Gloria, Mariensteiner , Morio-Muskat , Multaner, Nobling , Rieslaner , Bacchus . Cantaro, Optima , Regent .

Web links

Commons : Silvaner  - collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Silvaner  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Directory of the Austrian quality wine grape varieties and their clones. Higher Federal College and Federal Office for Viticulture and Fruit Growing Klosterneuburg, Klosterneuburg 2008.
  2. ↑ Wolfgang Faßbender: Silvaner is the chameleon in a glass in: Die Welt from April 1, 2016, accessed on August 12, 2018
  3. ↑ DESTATIS - Federal Statistical Office. Document: Agricultural land use - vineyards. Technical series 3 series 3.1.5 - 2016
  4. ↑ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2004/2005 . Mainz 2004 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from September 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 777 kB ]).
  5. ↑ The 2014 Wine Year. (PDF; 1.1 MB) (No longer available online.) April 21, 2015, archived from the original on July 10, 2015 ; accessed on November 30, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.blw.admin.ch
  6. ↑ LES CEPAGES BLANCS DANS LE VIGNOBLE, statistics on white grape varieties per greater region, publication of the OFFICE NATIONAL INTERPROFESSIONNEL DES FRUITS, DES LEGUMES, DES VINS ET DE L'HORTICULTURE - ONIVINS for short, as of 2008. Page 32 ( Memento from March 23, 2012 in Internet Archive ), 33 ( Memento from March 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  7. ↑ Federal Statistical Office (2014): Agriculture and Forestry, Fisheries. Agricultural land use - vineyards. Technical series 3 series 3.1.5.
  8. ↑ State Statistical Office of Rhineland-Palatinate (2014): Statistical reports - Planted vineyards 2013. Bad Ems, CI - j / 13, reference number: C1073 201300, ISSN  1430-5070 .
  9. ↑ Silvaner in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Vine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English), accessed on March 25, 2020