Morio nutmeg
| Morio nutmeg | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Geilweilerhof I- 28-30, I-28-30, Morio Muscat, Morio Muskotaly |
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| Art | Grape vine ( Vitis vinifera subsp. Vinifera ) |
| Berry color | White |
| use | |
| origin | Germany |
| breeder | Peter Morio |
| Institute | Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof, Siebeldingen |
| Breeding year | 1928 |
| VIVC no. | 7996 |
| ancestry | |
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Cross of |
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| List of grape varieties | |
Morio Muskat is a white wine variety that was created in 1928 from a cross of Silvaner x Gelber Muskateller at the Geilweilerhof Grape Breeding Institute in Siebeldingen (Palatinate). The breeder Peter Morio , however, indicated the crossing partners Silvaner and Pinot Blanc ; but this parenthood has long been questioned. It seemed unlikely that a cross between two rather reserved varieties had resulted in a distinctive aroma variety. The grape variety produces a wine with a strong taste and a pronounced muscat bouquet, but according to Peter Morio it was not related to the Muscatel grape variety . In 2012, DNA analysis refuted the breeder's original information. Still popular in the German growing regions of Rheinhessen and Pfalz , it is insignificant in the rest of Germany. The crossing took place in 1928 by Peter Morio (1887-1960) at the Institute for Vine Breeding Geilweilerhof in Siebeldingen . Plant variety protection was granted in 1956 and since 1982 it has been registered as a "free" variety in the variety lists.
Pure varietals result in quite interesting white wines . In order to achieve good quality, the variety should be in an appropriate position. If the must weight is low , the wines can appear immature and grassy. From ripe grapes, the variety delivers the typical “Morio aromatic” with a not over-perfumed note of nutmeg and a strong acidity . In addition, the aroma of the wines is reminiscent of lemon or elderflower.
Parentage: Silvaner x Gelber Muskateller . Morio's information has now been corrected.
Ampelographic varietal characteristics
In ampelography , the habitus is described as follows:
- The shoot tip is open. It is spiderweby to weakly hairy and from light green to brown or bronze in color.
- The medium-sized to large, rounded leaves are one to three-lobed and slightly curved. The stalk bay is closed like a lyre, so that only an elliptical opening appears. The leaf is blunt to sharp toothed. The teeth are set wide compared to other grape varieties.
- The cylindrical grape is medium-sized, sometimes winged and dense berries. The round to slightly elongated berries are medium-sized and green-yellow in color, which are yellowish when the berries are fully ripe. The berries have a very thin skin and have a slight note of nutmeg in the taste.
The grape variety ripens approx. 15-20 days after the Gutedel (and thus approx. 1 week after the Müller-Thurgau ) and is therefore considered to ripen early in an international comparison.
The variety is susceptible to powdery mildew , downy mildew and gray mold rot . Because of the early budding, the variety is very vulnerable to frost. A crop failure is hardly noticeable, however, as the night shoots are fertile.
See also the articles Viticulture in Germany , Viticulture in Austria , Viticulture in Switzerland , Viticulture in South Africa and Viticulture in Canada as well as the list of grape varieties .
distribution
It is classified for the Baden , Nahe , Franconia , Rheinhessen and Palatinate growing areas . In 1988 there were still 2242 hectares of Morio nutmeg planted in Germany. These often golden yellow wines were very popular up to the beginning of the 1970s and were often included in the popular Liebfrauenmilch section. However, due to its limited cultivation value, the cultivation area is continuously decreasing. In 2007 only 517 hectares were planted with the Morio-Muscat grape variety. In 2006 there were still 541 hectares of arable land, after 1167 hectares were surveyed in 1999. Smaller vineyards are known in Austria , Switzerland , South Africa and Canada .
Within Germany, the area under vines was distributed as follows in 2019:
| Wine region | Vineyards (hectares) |
| Ahr | - |
| to bathe | - |
| Francs | 2 |
| Hessian mountain road | - |
| Middle Rhine | - |
| Moselle | 1 |
| Near | 9 |
| Palatinate | 182 |
| Rheingau | below 0.5 |
| Rheinhessen | 149 |
| Saale-Unstrut | 1 |
| Saxony | 2 |
| Stargarder Land | - |
| Württemberg | - |
| TOTAL Germany 2019 | 346 |
Source: Vineyard statistics from August 24, 2020, Federal Statistical Office , Wiesbaden
literature
- Pierre Galet : Dictionnaire encyclopédique des cépages. Hachette, Paris 2000, ISBN 2-01-236331-8 .
- Walter Hillebrand, Heinz Lott, Franz Pfaff: Paperback of the grape varieties. 13th, revised edition. Fachverlag Fraund, Mainz 2003, ISBN 3-921156-53-X .
- Janina Mäurer, Hartmut Keil: 100 rare grape varieties in Rheinhessen and the Palatinate. From Accent, Acolon ... to ... Zinfandel, Zweigelt. Tips and information for wine lovers. Ink bottle edition, Neckarsteinach 2008, ISBN 978-3-937467-56-6 .
- Jancis Robinson : The Oxford Wine Lexicon. 3rd, completely revised edition. Hallwag, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-8338-0691-9 .
Web links
- Morio-Muskat in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Morio-Muskat in the database Vitis International Variety Catalog of the Institute for Grapevine Breeding Geilweilerhof (English), in August 2020
- ↑ Erika Maul, Fritz Schumann, Bernd HE Hill, Frauke Dörner, Heike Bennek, Valérie Laucou, Jean-Michel Boursiquot, Thierry Lacombe, Eva Zyprian, Rudolf Eibach, Reinhard Töpfer: Focus on the crossing parents of German new varieties of vines - what does the genetic fingerprint say. In: German Viticulture Yearbook. Vol. 64, 2013, ISSN 0343-3714 , pp. 128-142.
- ^ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2008/2009 . Mainz 2008 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from March 23, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 454 kB ]).
- ^ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2007/2008 . Mainz 2007 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from September 20, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 430 kB ]).
- ↑ German Wine Institute : Statistics 2004/2005 . Mainz 2004 ( deutscheweine.de ( memento from September 20, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) [PDF; 777 kB ]).
- ↑ Vineyard statistics 2019, Federal Statistical Office