Saxony (wine-growing region)
| Data | |
|---|---|
| Wine region : | Saxony |
| State : | Saxony |
| Viticulture since: | 12th Century |
| Surface: | 462 hectares (yield area: 435 hectares) |
| Wine production: | 27,438 hl (2008) |
| Share of quality wine : | 96.9% |
| Website: | Winegrowing Association of Saxony |
| map | |
 Wine-growing region Saxony (light blue, No. 12) |
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The wine-growing region of Saxony is one of the smallest and the most easterly wine-growing region in Germany, as defined in Section 3, Paragraph 1, No. 12 of the Wine Act . It is almost exclusively in the Dresden metropolitan area in the Elbe valley . The locations are in Saxony and, in small parts, near Jessen in Saxony-Anhalt and in Brandenburg . Well-known wine towns are Meißen , which gives the most important area its name , and Radebeul . The growing area is presented by an annually elected Saxon wine queen .
history
The chronicle of Bishop Thietmar von Merseburg reports that vines were found in the Elbe Valley when Heinrich I's troops penetrated the Gau Nisan around 929. The next documentary evidence comes from the year 1161, from which a document handed down that a vineyard was laid out in Meißen opposite the castle on the eastern slope of the Meisa valley . Vines have been cultivated in Saxony for over 850 years .
According to legendary traditions, the cultivated cultivation goes back to Bishop Benno von Meißen .
In the 17th century the courtly winery Hoflößnitz was in the center of 6000 hectares of Saxon wine-growing area.
In the early 1880s, the European phylloxera disaster reached Saxony. Around the turn of the 19th to the 20th century, phylloxera , but also the enormous building boom of that time, destroyed a large part of the vines . In 1907 the Saxon government officially declared the entire Saxon wine-growing region to be continuously contaminated.
At the end of the GDR in 1990, Saxon viticulture had grown to 220 hectares again, and by the beginning of the 2000s this area had more than doubled.
climate
The fact that good wines are produced despite the exposed location (more than 51 ° north latitude) is thanks to the favorable climate in the Elbe Valley. Occasionally prevailing continental weather conditions in summer and autumn cause long sunny periods. The annual mean temperature in the Elbe valley is between 9.2 and 10.4 ° C, and the winter mean rarely drops below zero degrees. The amount of precipitation is between 600 mm and 700 mm. The average sunshine duration is 1570 hours. The altitude is 110-200 meters above sea level. The phenological start of spring is between April 29th and May 5th, so the vines can ripen early. In comparison with the more western growing areas in Germany, the beginning of spring is a little later, but the autumn months of September and October are also drier and warmer. The total heat, which is the sum of all daily mean temperatures in the growing season, is 62 degrees above the minimum value of 2900 degrees.
Due to continental climatic effects, Saxon viticulture is threatened by severe winters and frost damage to the vines. The wine-growing area lies in the northern area of influence of the Böhmwind , which in summer causes foehn over the Ore Mountains , but can also bring in a lot of cold in winter.
Size and grape varieties
With 447 hectares of vineyards, the Saxony wine region is one of the smallest contiguous wine regions in Germany . Mainly white grape varieties are grown as well as a small, increasing proportion of red wine. In 2015 it was Müller-Thurgau (15.4%), Riesling (14.3%), Pinot Blanc (11.6%), Pinot Gris or Ruländer (9.1%), Pinot Noir or Pinot noir (8, 1%), Kerner (5.5%), Traminer (5.4%), Goldriesling (5.2%) a white grape variety only cultivated in Saxony, Dornfelder (4.5%), Scheurebe (4.3%) and 51 other grape varieties (16.6%).
Classification
The wine-growing area is divided into two areas around Meißen ( Elbe Valley ) and in the Elstertal . The quality wine locations of the wine-growing region are located in the district of Meißen , in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains and in Dresden . Further country wine locations can be found in the Saxony-Anhalt district of Wittenberg and in the Brandenburg district of Elbe-Elster ( Saxon country wine ).
Meissen area
In the Meissen area, the locations are in the Free State of Saxony. These are assigned to four major locations.
The large area of Meißner Spaargebirge is located around Meißen itself. The Spaargebirge is a small mountain range in the west of the Elbe valley . The large location includes the individual layers Proschwitzer Katzensprung , Meißner Kapitelberg , Proschwitz Castle , Meißner Ratsweinberg , Meißner Rosengründchen , Meißner Klausenberg , Heilig Kreuz Monastery and Electoral Vineyard Meißen .
The large Seusslitzer Schlossweinberg is located north and west of Meißen around Weinböhla and Diesbar-Seusslitz . The individual layers are the Seusslitzer Heinrichsburg , the Weinböhlaer Gellertberg and the Oberauer Gellertberg .
The large Radebeuler Loessnitz site is located east of Meißen in Radebeul . It contains the locations Radebeuler Goldener Wagen , Radebeuler Steinrücke , Radebeuler Paradies and Radebeuler Johannisberg .
In Dresden and Freital are the locations of the large Dresden Elbe slopes . The single location Pillnitzer Königlicher Weinberg in Pillnitz and Wachwitz is on the slopes of the Dresden Elbe , while the single location Pesterwitzer Jochhöhschlößchen is located in Pesterwitz in the valley of the Weißeritz . In addition, there are the individual layers of the Meißner highlands on the left Elbe, Merbitzer Bauernberge near Merbitz and Cossebauder Bauernberge near Cossebaude .
Elstertal area
The Elstertal area further north on the Schwarzen Elster is free of large layers and has the smaller individual layers Jessener Gorrenberg , Kleindröbener Katzenzehe and Schliebener Langer Berg . The area is located around Jessen (Elster) and Schlieben in Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg.
Area free
The Ostritzer Klosterberg (at the St. Marienthal Abbey near Görlitz in the Lusatian Neisse valley ) is outside a large location and is free of areas. It is the easternmost vineyard area in Germany. In Brandenburg there are further vineyards that are free of areas, large areas and single layers.
marketing
In 2017 there were a total of 37 wineries in the Saxon wine-growing region that are full-time viticulture and cultivate around 450 hectares of vineyards. Of this, 135 hectares are cultivated by around 1500 small-scale winemakers who supply their grapes to the Saxon Winzergenossenschaft Meißen . There is also a state winery ( Sächsisches Staatsweingut Schloss Wackerbarth in Radebeul - Niederlößnitz ), a municipal winery (the former electoral or royal winery Hoflößnitz in Radebeul- Oberlößnitz ) and around 30 private wineries, including the oldest private Saxon winery, Schloss Proschwitz in Zadel near Meissen . The local wine is also served in numerous ostrich taverns and broom taverns .
The Saxon Wine Route and the Saxon Wine Trail were set up to stimulate tourism . Similar to Saxon Switzerland or the sights around Moritzburg , the wine-growing region for Dresden is very important as a sight in the immediate vicinity. In Radebeul, the historical Radebeul vineyard landscape is listed in its entirety.
The vintner choir from Meißen has dedicated itself to the songs around the wine and sings drinking and folk songs at wine festivals .
The educational trail of Saxon viticulture ( wine trail ) runs in Radebeul below the former Zechstein winery there .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c German Wine: Statistics 2008 ( Memento of the original from July 26, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 219 kB) German Wine Institute . Mainz 2010
- ↑ Liselotte Closer: A Brief History of the City of Radebeul . In: Dresdner Hefte No. 54, Kulturlandschaft Lößnitz-Radebeul . Dresden 1998, p. 11. Quoted from: Statutes “Historical Radebeul Vineyard Landscape ” (PDF, 37KB).
- ^ Ingrid Zeidler: The development of viticulture in the area of today's town of Radebeul in the 19th century . Radebeul 1985, p. 6. Quoted from: Statutes “Historical Vineyard Landscape Radebeul” (PDF, 37KB).
- ↑ a b Sibylle Zehle: "No vines where beets grow". In: zeit.de of October 31, 1980, accessed on October 16, 2016.
- ^ Friedrich Gollmick, Harald Bocker, Hermann Grünzel: Das Weinbuch . Fachbuchverlag, Leipzig 1976.
- ^ Viticulture ( Memento from February 11, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Announcement of the Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology about the new registration of the single location "Electoral Vineyard Meißen" according to § 20 of the Saxon Wine Law Implementation Ordinance of April 6, 2016 SächsABl. 2016 p. 512
- ↑ Saxon State Office for Environment, Agriculture and Geology, accessed February 9, 2017
- ^ Sächsische Winzergenossenschaft Meissen eG: Facts and Figures, accessed February 10, 2017
- ↑ wein.de> DLG Recommended wineries> Saxony ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Volker Helas (arrangement): City of Radebeul . Ed .: State Office for Monument Preservation Saxony, Large District Town Radebeul (= Monument Topography Federal Republic of Germany . Monuments in Saxony ). SAX-Verlag, Beucha 2007, ISBN 978-3-86729-004-3 , p. 298 and accompanying map .
literature
- Karl Julius Hofmann: Concise presentation of the cultural history, chronology and statistics of viticulture in the Kingdom of Saxony. Meissen 1853
- Heinrich August Ossenfelder: From viticulture in the Chursächsischen lands . Dresden ( digitized version )
Web links
- Winegrowing Association of Saxony.
- The Saxony cultivation area - wine harvest data , Frieder Tränkner, presentation on the Saxon Viticulture Day 2014, with figures on the total wine harvest , vineyard area, hectare yield and must weight from 1999 to 2013.
- The Saxon wine-growing region: One of the smallest and northernmost wine-growing regions in Europe.
