Freital
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 0 ′ N , 13 ° 39 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Saxony | |
| County : | Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains | |
| Height : | 171 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 40.45 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 39,703 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 982 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 01705 | |
| Area code : | 0351 | |
| License plate : | PIR, DW, FTL, SEB | |
| Community key : | 14 6 28 110 | |
| City structure: | 15 districts | |
City administration address : |
Dresdner Strasse 56 01705 Freital |
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| Website : | ||
| Lord Mayor : | Uwe Rumberg ( independent ) | |
| Location of the city of Freital in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district | ||
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Freital is a large district town in the middle of the Free State of Saxony , about nine kilometers southwest of the center of the state capital and adjacent to Dresden . In terms of population, it is the largest city in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district and the second largest city in the Dresden metropolitan area after the state capital . In this region it is considered to be the middle center .
The town of Freital was created on October 1, 1921 through the merger of the municipalities of Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel, which, benefiting from industrialization and coal mining , developed from villages to locations of various important branches of industry and urban areas until the beginning of the 20th century had. By 1999, twelve additional districts were added through incorporations. For a short time Freital was free from a district (1924-1946) and after the district reform from 1952 to 1994 the administrative seat of the Freital district . After the district headquarters had been moved to Dippoldiswalde , Freital became a major district town in 1997.
geography
Location and urban area
Freital is located southwest of Dresden in the Döhlen Basin , through which the Weißeritz flows from southwest to northeast. The city is located in the northwest of the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains. As a highly visible landmark , the rising wind mountain some 100 meters above the Weißeritztal . The lowest point in the city is 155 m above sea level. NN at the transition from the Weißeritz to the urban area of Dresden in the Plauenschen Grund . The city center lies on the parallel of 51 degrees north and on the longitude 13.65 degrees east.
The urban area essentially extends along two northeast-southwest running valley expansions of the Weißeritztal over an area of 40.45 square kilometers . The southern widening of the valley with the towns of Coßmannsdorf and Eckersdorf is delimited from the northern by a 1.7 km narrow valley in the Hainsberg district. Along the slopes of the valley are the less urban areas that were incorporated into the town until the end of the 20th century. Outside of the valleys, the regional boundaries often do not run along special terrain. The distance from the northernmost to the southernmost point of the urban area is about eleven kilometers, and from the westernmost to the easternmost point about nine kilometers.
Around half of the 4,045 hectares of land (as of December 31, 2018) is used for agriculture , plus around 800 hectares of forest , mainly on the Windberg and the western valley slopes. The settlement areas within the city cover around 900 hectares, including 600 hectares for residential construction, 130 hectares for industrial and commercial areas and 100 hectares for leisure and recreation areas. Surface mines, pits and quarries still make up 10 hectares of the total area today. The traffic area with streets, paths and squares has a share of about 300 hectares. There are also around 35 hectares of water-covered area. Overall, the share of vegetative land use outweighs the populated land.
City structure
The corridors belonging to the town are summarized in a total of 22 localities . The 15 districts of Freital are made up of the areas of one or more of these districts and almost always correspond to the area of the integrated municipality that has become a district. There are also smaller settlements with their own names, but without an equivalent in the current administrative structure or the cadastre, as well as desolations .
The city center extends along the bottom of the Weißeritztal in the districts of Potschappel, Döhlen and Deuben. Although these places have grown together almost seamlessly due to their spatial proximity in the settlement structure, their original local center has largely been retained, so that a recognizable common center of the city cannot be clearly identified. Not least because of the parts of the city administration located there and the transport links, Potschappel and Deuben are commonly viewed as the centers of Freetal.
The largest district in terms of area is Somsdorf in the extreme southwest, but here the size of the vegetation area clearly outweighs that of the settlement area. The smallest is the Birkigt district with a little less than one square kilometer. With around 5700 inhabitants, Deuben is the district with the most inhabitants in the urban area. About 14% of the total population of Freetal are in Deuben. This is followed by Potschappel with around 5500 inhabitants and Zauckerode with 4800 inhabitants. The Saalhausen district has the lowest population, only a little over 100 people live there.
The reference date for the population is December 31, 2017. Area information in square kilometers.
| map | district | since | Residents | surface | Districts and settlements |
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Birkigt | 1923 | 972 | 0.86 | Birkigt district |
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Burgk | 1924 | 2455 | 2.39 | Districts Großburgk , Kleinburgk and Zschiedge |
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Deuben | 1921 | 5671 | 1.54 | Deuben district |
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Döhlen | 1921 | 3434 | 2.65 | Döhlen district; Settlements Neudöhlen , Upper Döhlen and sub Döhlen ; Weitzschen desert |
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Hainsberg | 1964 | 4305 | 4.47 | Coßmannsdorf district ; Eckersdorf settlement |
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Kleinnaundorf | 1974 | 1060 | 1.63 | District Kleinnaundorf |
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Ugly | 2011 1 | 2829 | 3.44 | District Niederhäslich |
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Pesterwitz | 1999 | 3263 | 2.69 | District (Ober-) Pesterwitz |
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Potschappel | 1921 | 5468 | 2.23 | Niederpesterwitz district ; Leisnitz and Neucoschütz settlements |
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Saalhausen | 1973 | 128 | 1.01 | District Saalhausen |
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Schweinsdorf | 2011 1 | 1510 | 1.29 | District Schweinsdorf |
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Somsdorf | 1974 | 638 | 6.35 | Somsdorf district |
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Whitish | 1974 | 893 | 3.56 | Markings Oberweißig and Unterweißig |
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Wurgwitz | 1974 | 2495 | 4.82 | Wurgwitz, Kohlsdorf and Niederhermsdorf districts ; Hammer settlement ; Bulsitz desert |
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Zauckerode | 1922 | 4785 | 1.52 | Zauckerode district |
1 Niederhäslich and Schweinsdorf were incorporated into Deuben in 1915 and 1900, respectively, and then belonged to Deuben from an administrative point of view and have been run as districts since May 2011.
Neighboring communities
Freital borders on three cities and two municipalities in the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains and, in the north-east and north, on the regional capital Dresden, one of the economic, political and cultural centers of Saxony. The districts of Zöllmen , Pennrich , Altfranken , Gorbitz , Roßthal , Dölzschen , Coschütz and Gittersee share a border with Freital for a total of eleven kilometers. In the east, the rural community of Bannewitz borders with the districts of Cunnersdorf , Boderitz and Bannewitz on a four-kilometer border.
The districts of Obernaundorf , Rabenau and Lübau in the small town of Rabenau , which is primarily known for its chair-making trade and the upholstered furniture factory that still exists, have 13 kilometers of common borders with Freital in the southeast and south. Also in the south, at only 700 meters, there is a short border piece to the Borlas district of the municipality of Klingenberg , which extends around the dam of the same name up the Wild Weißeritz . The forest town of Tharandt ( Tharandt Forest University of the TU Dresden with the Tharandt Forest Botanical Garden ) with the districts of Tharandt and Großopitz is about eight kilometers to the south-west and west of Fridays . In the west and north-west, the town of Wilsdruff borders with the districts of Kleinopitz , Oberhermsdorf and Kesselsdorf with a common length of six kilometers.
Waters and geology
In the district of Hainsberg, the rivers Rote Weißeritz and Wilde Weißeritz , coming from the Eastern Ore Mountains , flow together and form the "United" Weißeritz , which crosses the city center of Freetal and flows into the Elbe in Dresden- Cotta . Backwaters of the United Weißeritz in the Freitaler urban area are the Wiederitz coming from the left from the Wurgwitzer region , the Poisenbach flowing through the Poisental and rising near Bannewitz as a right tributary as well as smaller mostly canalised waters like the Vorholzbach and village brooks like the Burgker Bach , the Birkierter Bach , the Somsdorfer Bach and the Weißiger Bach . There are no larger natural standing water bodies, the mud pond in the area of the heap on the Saugrund and the flood retention basin Zauckerode were created in the 20th century.
Freital lies in the center of the northwest-southeast trending Döhlen basin . The 22 km long and 6 km wide Döhlen Basin was created on the southwestern edge of the Elbe Valley zone in the area of the large geotectonic structure of the Elbe Lineament in the Upper Carboniferous . Morphologically, it forms the transition between the Elbe Valley and the Eastern Ore Mountains. The lower part of the Molasse basin , filled with 700–800 m thick Upper Carboniferous and Rotliegend sediments, is formed by the gneisses of the Eastern Ore Mountains in the south, predominantly phyllites of the Elbe Valley Slate Mountains and the Nossen-Wilsdruffer Intermediate Mountains in the north, and the intrusive rocks of the Meißner Massif in the north.
The basin filling, which is a maximum of 800 m thick, consists of four formations that are built up cyclically from sediments ( conglomerates , sandstones, limestones, clay and fire slate ) and volcanic rocks ( tuff , pyroclastites , porphyrites ). The first geological mappings in the "Döhlener Bassin" were made as early as 1800 by students at the Freiberg Mining Academy, which were summarized by C. F. Naumann and Bernhard von Cotta .
The area around Freital is rich in natural resources that have been mined since the 16th century. The mining of hard coal was the basis for industrial development in the Weißeritztal. The coal was extracted from over 500 shafts; the deepest, the König-Georg-Schacht , was built to a depth of 575 m. The mining of hard coal was stopped in 1967. Until 1989, uranium-containing fire slate and coal were extracted in the area . In addition, copper ores, limestone and, to this day, clays were extracted as raw materials for the pottery and brick industry.
climate
With its humid climate, Freital is located in the temperate climate zone , with a transition to the continental climate being noticeable. The nearest weather station is located in Dresden- Klotzsche at about 227 m above sea level. NN .
The average annual temperature is 8.3 ° C, the maximum monthly average temperature is measured in July at 17.6 ° C, the lowest monthly average temperature with −1.4 ° C in January. The maximum annual average temperature is 12.1 ° C, while the minimum temperature is measured at 4.5 ° C. The highest and lowest monthly average temperatures in July and January are given.
The annual rainfall amounts to 636 mm. Most of the precipitation falls in the months of July (83 mm) and June (75 mm). The month of February has the lowest rainfall with 36 mm.
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Monthly average temperatures and precipitation for Freital
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history
History of the villages
The history, documented in writing, begins with the Dresden document of 1206, in which aristocrats appear who call themselves after Potschappel, Döhlen and Wurgwitz. Potschappler nobility is not mentioned again until 1309, while the Döhlener is mentioned again in 1228 as Arnold "de Zukerade" (first mention of Zauckerode). The Potschapplers are likely to have merged with the Lords of Sürßen , who apparently partially moved to Upper Lusatia . It is very likely that it was a prominent vassal family of the Burgraves of Dohna , which was significantly involved in the implementation of their highly colonial development towards Rabenau, Dippoldiswalde (see article Thorun Castle ). The Lords of Wurgwitz , whose fate is easy to understand, colonized at the same time on behalf of the Meißner bishop and were - at least under Bruno von Porstendorf - one of his close confidants. Other nobles who named themselves after Wurgwitz were named until the 15th century. Most of Freital's districts were first mentioned in the 14th or 15th century.
The (early) modern history of today's Freital Valley is closely linked to the history of coal mining in the Döhlen Basin, the present Freital area. It was first mentioned in 1542. The ducal official Hans Biener received the privilege of mining hard coal through Duke Moritz von Sachsen . The hard coal finds, which have been known for a long time, have been handed down and some farmers dug just below the surface of the earth for fuel for their own use. Coal was mined for the first time in Burgk in 1571 and in Potschappel in 1574. When the superficial supplies ran low, the shafts were forgotten.
In 1743 a so-called hard coal mandate was issued, which gave the landowner all rights to the coal to be mined on his property. By the middle of the 18th century, around 30 small businesses had been founded which, due to their small size and experience, were underperforming in the face of great competitive pressure.
This changed with the beginning of industrialization . The Kingdom of Saxony wanted to have its share in it. In addition to the electoral Leopold-Erbstolln , which was acquired in 1799, the manors Zauckerode and Döhlen including the privileges on the Potschappler coal fields were acquired in 1806 and all the remaining businesses on the left of the Weißeritz were bought up by 1822. Out of the many small companies, a large one was created, the “Königlich Sächsische Steinkohlenwerke im Plauenschengrund”, later the “ Königliches Steinkohlenwerk Zauckerode ”. It was under the direction of Carl Wilhelm von Oppel . The factor Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Lindig took over the local administration of the plant .
On the right side of the Weißeritz, the concentration of businesses did not begin until 1819, when Carl Friedrich August Krebß (later Baron Dathe von Burgk) became the new manor owner on Burgk . He inherited five pits and bought the surrounding coal fields. From this he founded the " Freiherrlich von Burgker Steinkohlen- und Eisenhüttenwerke ".
During this concentration a rapid development of technology and subsequent industry began. The upswing was so enormous that the hard coal mining of the Plauenschen Grund was able to stand at the forefront in Germany in technical and organizational terms for several decades, up until the 1890s. Many technical innovations and groundbreaking inventions followed. The wet coal processing ( coal washing ) invented by Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Lindig in 1810 was and is of worldwide importance . The first steam engine in the Saxon mining industry, built by Christian Friedrich Brendel , stood on the Neuer Zauckeroder Kunstschacht in 1820 . In 1882, the world's first electric locomotive began operating continuously in the Oppelschacht of the Royal Saxon Coal Works in Zauckerode . It was the “Dorothea” mine locomotive from Siemens & Halske . The origin of electromobility in Saxony lies in Freital .
In Burgk, coking of coal began in 1823 and the first gas was produced in 1828. Burgk became the first village in the world to have public gas lighting . In the same year, the inner city of Dresden was given gas lighting by Rudolf Sigismund Blochmann . In 1842 the first Saxon coke furnace went into operation in the König-Friedrich-August-Hütte .
In order to get the technically required large amounts of water out of the pits, hydraulic structures had to be created, for example the deep Weißeritz tunnel (1800–1838) and the deep Elbstolln (1817–1836). On August 2, 1869, a firedamp explosion occurred in the Segen-Gottes- und Neuhoffnungsschacht of the Burgker coal works near the Windberg , in which 276 miners were killed. A memorial at the Segen-Gottes-Schacht commemorates this.
The flood of 1897 caused the Weißeritz to rise 140 times its normal level. In Deuben, the flood damaged over 100 houses, more than a dozen collapsed, and well over 100 families were left homeless. According to the municipality's calculations, the floods caused damage of around 1,300,000 marks, and in Potschappel damage of around 780,000 marks. The Saxon King Albert (1828–1902) arranged for military aid to repair the damage. As a thank you, the King Albert monument was erected on the front plateau of the Windberg in 1903/04 , which developed into a landmark of the later town of Freital.
In order to cope with the increased volume of traffic due to the strong population growth in Plauenschen Grund, the existing tram line from Dresden Postplatz to the village of Plauen was extended to Deubener Güterstrasse ( Plauensche Grundbahn ) in 1902 . The tram depot was built there on the site of today's bus station. Already in 1906 the extension to the Gasthof Hainsberg followed (around the height of Turnergäßchen), from 1912 Coßmannsdorf was the end of the tram line. From 1906 the Deuben freight railway operated between the tram depot and Egermühle along today's Poisentalstraße. This tram was only intended for freight traffic and was discontinued on November 19, 1972.
Founding years and National Socialism
The first considerations for a community merger in the Döhlen basin already existed at the end of the 19th century. After the communities were initially opposed to a merger with their neighbors, this changed by the beginning of the 1920s. The decision to unite Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel was made by the three municipalities on January 14, 1920. The future name of the city in particular was discussed controversially among the population, as individual syllables from the three municipalities should be included in the new name and no agreement insisted on the name of a founding community. Names such as "Deupodö-Stadt" (from Deuben, Potschappel and Döhlen) or "Dreistadt" were suggested, and the suggestions "Weißeritz" and "Windbergen" were popular as city names; these variants were favored by the administrative authorities . Ultimately, the proposal by the Döhlen community representative and USPD politician Julius Hermann Henker to name the city “Freital”, derived from the “free valley” of the Weißeritz, was accepted.
On October 1, 1921, the founding contract of the city of Freital, signed by the community leaders of Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel in the town hall of Döhlen , came into force. The former Potschappl mayor Max Baumann initially led the business on a provisional basis. Carl Wedderkopf (1885–1961) was elected as the first mayor of the new city on March 16, 1922 . He took office on May 1, 1922 and managed the city until 1927.
On April 1, 1924, Freital became an independent city within the Dresden District Administration , after it had previously been part of the Dresden-Altstadt District Administration. In addition to greater independence, especially in the financial sector, this also brought with it the right to designate the mayor as the mayor . The reigning Carl Wedderkopf has held this title since then.
From the imperial era until the Weimar period , the city and its predecessor towns developed into a stronghold of social democracy . In the Weimar Republic , Freital was the only town in Saxony with a social democratic mayor, as the communists were not as strongly represented here as in the rest of Saxony. Almost every tenth citizen was a member of the SPD , which provided many clubs and leisure activities and made Freital a "welfare island in the murky capitalist waters of the Weimar Republic". The health, welfare and welfare system was entirely in the hands of the city and all of its services were available free of charge. Numerous social housing - partly cooperatively, partly in municipal ownership - were built. Behind it was a conceptual concept of socialism of its own , which led to Freital being nicknamed “ Red Vienna in Saxony” in the 1920s and to a visit by the delegation of the Geneva League in 1927, who wanted to study this concept using the practical example of Freital.
Around 1930, however, Freital had around seven million marks in debt, the lowest tax revenue and, with Pirna, the highest unemployment rate in Saxony. During this time, the city councils were considering unification with Dresden, and exploratory talks between the mayors of both cities have already taken place. The plans were not implemented and Freital remained independent after the tenth anniversary of the city's foundation in 1931.
The term of office of the Social Democratic mayor Gustav Klimpel , who had followed the 1927 resigned for health reasons Carl Wedderburn head was a result of the seizure of power of Hitler finished 1,933th His successor was the NSDAP member Erhardt Schroeter. In the years that followed, numerous resistance to National Socialism formed in and around Freital . There was a change, especially in business life, as many Jewish traders fled Germany. For example, the owner of the major Potschappler Central department store, Alois Eckstein, left the city.
During the Second World War, forced labor camps for 4,000 to 5,000 prisoners were set up in the city from 1943 to 1945 . A third of them were women who had to do forced labor in the Döhlen cast steel works of the Flick concern. They had been kidnapped from the countries occupied by Germany. On August 24, 1944, an Allied air raid was carried out on the Birkigt district of Freital, targeting the Rhenania-Ossag Voltolwerk in the village. This daytime attack largely devastated the district, killing 241 people. The Potschappel district was hit by explosive devices on February 14 and April 17, 1945. Freital lamented a total of 262 bomb deaths, over 2,000 apartments suffered considerable destruction, and companies such as the Müller machine factory in Potschappel lost their production facilities as a result of the bombing.
On May 8, 1945, the Red Army combat troops took over the city without a fight.
Post-war and GDR times
After the end of the Nazi era and the war, almost 3,000 people rejoined the SPD. The first post-war mayor was Franz Baumgarten temporarily between March and August 1945. He was followed by the SPD man Arno Hennig until 1946. From October 5 to 8, 1945 the “I. State Party Conference of the SPD ”in the“ Golden Lion ”, a large inn in Potschappel. After the forced unification of the SPD and KPD to form the SED , the SED achieved a clear majority in the first elections, and the SED politician Karl Wenk became mayor.
As in all of Saxony, the referendum was held on June 30, 1946 on the law on the transfer of businesses of war and Nazi criminals into the property of the people . In Freital, 85.7% of those entitled to vote voted for the law, this value was far above the overall Saxon result of 77.6%. This resulted in the expropriation of industrialists and large landowners who had supported Hitler's war economy with their companies during the Nazi era.
In 1946, Freital lost its status as a district-free city and was incorporated into the Dresden district , which emerged from the Dresden administrative authority. The Soviet-German stock corporation Wismut searched the Freital coal mine from 1947 for radioactive anomalies with the help of several shafts and pits. The German Democratic Republic (GDR) was formed in 1949 from the Soviet occupation zone that emerged after the war . With the district reform in 1952 , Freital became the administrative seat and district city of the newly founded Freital district in the Dresden district . It originated from parts of the old districts of Dippoldiswalde, Dresden, Meißen and Freiberg.
In July 1961, the later Freital district of Hainsberg became the venue for the world championships in white water races and canoe slalom . It was the first time that the world championships in white water races were held together with the canoe slalom in one place. Athletes from 13 nations competed. GDR athletes won both championships. Around 30,000 spectators followed the competitions. The partial opening of the Malter dam provided enough water in the Weißeritz .
After the cessation of hard coal mining in 1968, Wismut took over the facilities of the “Willi Agatz” hard coal works and until 1989 produced ore coal for the extraction of uranium. On May 26, 1974, tram line 3 of the Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe was discontinued and replaced by a city bus line (3A). In the 1970s, the narrow-gauge railway line to Wilsdruff proved to be unprofitable and was closed. Due to the inadequate exhaust gas treatment in the numerous industrial companies in Freital (stainless steel works, glass works, paper mills, Alpha Chemie), the city in its basin location very often had to accept heavy air pollution between 1950 and 1990 , the extent of which was officially concealed. The landfills of the mining and steelworks led to heavy loads on the natural balance.
Residential areas for the numerous workers were built on the outskirts and partly in the center. Smaller units were built in the 1960s on the Raschelberg in Freital- Niederhäslich and in the 1970s in Freital-Hainsberg. The largest new building area was the prefabricated housing estate in Zauckerode for the workers of the stainless steel plant.
In the 1970s, the Freital-Hainsberg West railway stop was built on the Dresden – Werdau line.
The SED rule in the GDR completely obscured the memory of the social democratic early days of the city, so the re-founded Saxon SPD received only about ten percent of the votes in 1990 after German reunification. Of the leisure culture characterized by workers' associations is in this form nothing left.
Post-turnaround time
In the course of the peaceful revolution in 1989 , Freital saw several demonstrations, especially in connection with the planned construction of a high-purity silicon plant in the neighboring Dresden- Gittersee . In the subsequent free municipal council elections on May 6, 1990 in Freital, the CDU with mayor Dietmar Lumpe and 46.7% of the votes won ahead of the PDS (14.4%) and the SPD (12.6%). The city council held its constituent meeting on June 6, 1990 in the stainless steel workers' club . As of 1994, the SPD again appointed Klaus Pollack as mayor for seven years.
In the course of the district reform in 1994 , the much smaller town of Dippoldiswalde, which is more centrally located in the district, but not directly in the Dresden metropolitan area, became the seat of the new Weißeritz district . Freital lost its district seat and has since been the most populous city in the district that is not also a district town. However, Freital received the status of a major district town in 1997 and has since held this title as one of a total of 50 Saxon towns. Due to the structural change in the post-reunification period, many of the industrial companies reduced their workforce, sometimes drastically, and some went bankrupt in the new economic system. The unemployment rate in Freital rose to over 10% due to numerous layoffs. However, the increase was partially offset by the proximity to the state capital Dresden and the opening of Saxony's first new industrial park in Kesselsdorf. As a result of emigration to West Germany, the population of Freetal decreased significantly, from around 40,000 in 1990 to the lowest level of around 37,500 at the end of 1995. After that, it stagnated until the level of 1990 was reached again in 1999 through the incorporation of Pesterwitz . This was followed by a slight population decline to 39,037 inhabitants on December 31, 2008, since then the number of inhabitants has increased again slightly.
In the later 1990s, Freital received a modern city bus system with lines A – F, which were initially operated by Dresden Regional Transport . The construction of a bypass road , especially for the development of new commercial areas resulting from the conversion of industrial areas, began. In 1996 Freital celebrated the 75th anniversary of the city's foundation.
Since 2000
Since the mayoral elections in 2001 , the CDU has once again been the head of the city with Klaus Mättig. Mättig was previously the mayor of Pesterwitz. In October 2001 the first section of the federal motorway 17 between the triangle Dresden-West and Dresden-Gorbitz was released. This significantly shortened the route to the motorway.
A decisive event was the flooding of the Weißeritz in August 2002. During the “ flood of the century ”, the river destroyed large parts of the infrastructure and buildings in the narrow valley and also claimed human lives. The rehabilitation of damaged streets, houses and bridges was largely completed by 2005. Many of the houses in the city center that were devastated by the masses of water were demolished. Since then, the cityscape has been increasingly permeated by open spaces. The Weißeritztalbahn , which is important for tourism , was badly damaged by the flood. After very extensive construction work, the section to Dippoldiswalde was able to be put back into operation in 2008, and the entire route only in 2017. In the course of the renovation, the rail network of Deutsche Bahn was repaired in the entire Weißeritztal and the train stations of the city were extensively renovated. Since 2002, the invested Landestalsperrenverwaltung in flood protection , so in the renewal and increase of retaining walls , the deepening of the river bed and the removal of bottlenecks in the course of the river Weißeritz.
The first part of the Freitaler bypass road from Potschappel to Deuben was opened to traffic in 2006. The planning for the second part from Deuben to Hainsberg has been going on for some time, although the financing and details of the route have not been clarified. Since the administrative reform of 2008, Freital has belonged to the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district with Pirna as the district town. In 2011 Freital celebrated the 90th anniversary of the city's foundation.
Right-wing extremist violence 2015/16
In particular from June 2015 xenophobic protests in Freital , among others under the name " Frigida ", against the conversion of a former hotel into a refugee home and related calls for violence in the national news. Attacks and acts of violence against refugees were also carried out in this context. Among other things, Der Tagesspiegel reported on right-wing extremists who “united with 'concerned citizens'” for several weeks against the accommodation that mobilized asylum seekers and committed refugee workers in the village. The Tagesspiegel accused Mayor Uwe Rumberg (CDU), who was elected to succeed Mättig at the time, of questioning the refugees' willingness to integrate and the need for help, whom he had with “ soldiers of fortune who come to Germany to lead a carefree life at the expense of the community to lead without consideration "compared.
In April 2016, a group of suspected right- wing terrorists from the Freital region was arrested. The " Gruppe Freital " were accused of explosive attacks and violent attacks on refugee accommodation, refugee helpers, a party office of the left and a residential building in Dresden. In addition, the members of the group expressed themselves racist in chats and posed for a photo masked behind a swastika flag , their arms raised in a Hitler salute. In the end, seven men and one woman in Dresden were charged, among other things, with attempted murder and the formation of a terrorist organization and were sentenced to several years in prison at the beginning of 2018.
In this context, the Tagesspiegel and Panorama reported a widespread trivialization of the right-wing terrorist group and their acts in the village, which, according to trial observers, formed the breeding ground for the radicalization of the “Freital Group”.
Development of the population
In the early years up to around 1955, the population of the city of Freital was significantly influenced by the economic development of the mining industry , which brought many workers with their families to the city. When the mines were closed piece by piece, the city's population initially declined. This could be compensated by incorporations in the 1970s and by the growth of the large urban industrial companies, such as the stainless steel works. The population rose to a peak of 46,651 in 1977.
After the fall of the Wall, the city, like all municipalities in East Germany, lost again significantly in population, after 2000 the population remained constant at just over 39,000. With the evaluation of the data from the 2011 census , it became known that Freital had about 900 fewer inhabitants than assumed on December 31, 2011. The official population has been corrected accordingly to 38,449.
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1925 | 36,558 1 |
| 1939 | 37,061 2 |
| 1946 | 39,159 3 |
| 1950 | 40,048 4 |
| 1960 | 37,565 |
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1970 | 42,159 |
| 1980 | 46,149 |
| 1985 | 43,742 |
| 1990 | 40,033 |
| 1995 | 37,582 |
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 2000 | 40.129 |
| 2005 | 39,174 |
| 2010 | 39,275 |
| 2015 | 39,734 5 |
| 2019 | 39,703 |
Data from December 31
1 June 16
2 October 29
3 May 17
4 August 31
5 Basis from 2012: 2011 census.
The official population as of December 31, 2019 is 39,703. That is 141 inhabitants more than in the previous year. In the 7th regionalized population forecast (based on 2018) published in May 2020 by the State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony , a stagnating to slightly increasing population is forecast for Freital by 2035. According to the prognosis, between 39,500 and 40,600 people will live in Freital in 2035. In the previous run of the study, 40,600 and 42,200 inhabitants in 2030 were assumed. A study by the Bertelsmann Foundation from the beginning of 2015 predicts a population of 40,800 in 2025, which is slightly above the assumptions of the State Statistical Office.
Incorporations
On October 1, 1921, the places Deuben , Döhlen and Potschappel merged to form the town of Freital. According to Deuben, Schweinsdorf was incorporated on April 1, 1900 and Niederhäslich in 1915 . After the merger, these two places did not come to Freital as independent districts, but remained assigned to Deuben as districts. It was not until March 2011 that the district changed, that they became separate districts. Potschappel with its district Leisnitz incorporated in 1838 had incorporated Neucoschütz in 1896 and Niederpesterwitz in 1915 . Döhlen remained without a designated district.
The northwestern village of Zauckerode was incorporated into the town of Freital on October 1, 1922 , followed by Birkigt on January 1, 1923 , which bordered on Potschappel. On April 1, 1924, Burgk was added as the third incorporated district . The municipality of Burgk was only formed from Großburgk and Kleinburgk in 1912, and Zschiedge was added in 1915. Like all districts of later integrated communities, these three districts were only preserved as districts. The community of Hainsberg with its district Coßmannsdorf (incorporated in 1933) was subdivided into Freital on January 1, 1964. Coßmannsdorf, which belonged to Somsdorf until January 1, 1907 , had the district of Eckersdorf , which was incorporated into the district in 1913 .
Another incorporation took place in 1973. On January 1, Saalhausen became the eighth district of Freitals. Further incorporations followed on January 1, 1974: The towns of Kleinnaundorf , Somsdorf , Weißig and Wurgwitz gave up their independence and became districts of Freetal. Before the incorporation, Wurgwitz had the districts of Kohlsdorf and Niederhermsdorf . Niederhermsdorf and Wurgwitz had already merged on July 7, 1921. Gut Hammer is located in the Kohlsdorf district . Many communities in the western Dresden region had to give up their independence around the turn of the millennium, such as Pesterwitz . The municipal council decided in favor of incorporation into Freital on January 1, 1999 and against belonging to the state capital. This means that the town in the north of the urban area is the last part of the city to be incorporated.
Until the change in the municipality on March 1, 2011, Birkigt, Burgk, Deuben, Döhlen, Hainsberg, Potschappel and Zauckerode were combined to form a district of Freital , the other places belonging to the city were referred to as districts .
From the end of 2004, various groups tried to incorporate Freetal into Dresden. At the same time there were similar considerations in other communities in the metropolitan area of the state capital. The Freital city council was opposed to this idea. In 2012, the over-indebted village of Dorfhain made efforts to incorporate it into Freital. These failed due to the lack of a common border between the two communities and the rejection of Freetal. A merger with Dorfhain would only be wanted with the simultaneous incorporation of Tharandt . On the part of Tharandt, however, there was no interest in a merger.
Religions
The most widespread religion in Freital is the Protestant denomination of Christianity. The parish of the Christ Church Deuben , the Emmaus Church Potschappel , the Georgen Church Somsdorf , the Hope Church Hainsberg and the Luther Church Döhlen belonged to the parish Freital of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Saxony , which was founded in 1999 . On January 1, 2014, these parishes of the parish united to form Ev.-Luth. Parish Freital. In contrast, the Evangelical Lutheran St. Jakobus parish in Pesterwitz is still independent . In addition to the Zauckerode district, it also includes a number of areas in the urban area of Dresden. The district of Wurgwitz belongs to the parish of Kesselsdorf, the district of Kleinnaundorf with the peace chapel Kleinnaundorf to the parish of Bannewitz .
There are large cemeteries in Pesterwitz , Schweinsdorf / Deuben , Potschappel and Döhlen , among others .
Other churches with parishes without typical church buildings are the Free Evangelical Community of Freital and the Roman Catholic parish of St. Joachim in Deuben. Religious communities are the New Apostolic Church Freital and the Jehovah's Witnesses with the Kingdom Hall in Hainsberg.
During the Nazi era, the Freital Jews were expelled. In 1933, 18 registered Jews were still living in the Freital district; in 1939, according to the Nazi authorities, there were no more Jews in the city.
politics
City council and local councils
In the city council election on May 26, 2019 , the AfD became the strongest force in the Freital city council for the first time with 25.9% of the valid votes cast. The CDU, now in second place, had previously won all local elections in the city since 1990, with an absolute majority in 2004. The Free Voters Freital, who split off from the citizens for Freital in the 2014–2019 electoral period, achieved third place behind AfD and CDU with around 13%. The NPD , which had been represented on the city council since 2009 , did not get a seat in 2019.
The following parliamentary groups have formed in the 34-seat city council :
- AfD parliamentary group: 9 seats
- Center-Left parliamentary group: 9 seats (3 seats Die Linke , 2 seats each SPD , Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen and FDP )
- CDU parliamentary group: 8 seats
- Free Voters parliamentary group Freital: 4 seats
- Citizens for Freital parliamentary group: 3 seats
- non-attached : 1 seat (formerly Free Voters Freital)
The following table shows the share of votes of the individual parties and groups in local elections since 1990 (in percent).
| year | AfD | CDU | Free voters |
Citizens for Freital |
LINKE / PDS | SPD | GREEN | FDP | NPD | REP | FORUM | DSU | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | - | 46.7 | - | - | 14.4 | 12.6 | - | 4.4 | - | - | 5.7 | 9.3 | 6.9 |
| 1994 | - | 39.9 | - | 3.3 | 16.2 | 27.3 | 4.3 | 2.6 | - | 4.3 | 3.9 | 2.5 | - |
| 1999 | - | 45.1 | - | 11.4 | 18.3 | 16.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | - | 4.2 | - | - | - |
| 2004 | - | 53.8 | - | 8.1 | 14.0 | 11.6 | 3.3 | 2.4 | - | 6.7 | - | - | - |
| 2009 | - | 42.0 | - | 16.0 | 13.4 | 10.3 | 4.2 | 8.5 | 5.6 | - | - | - | - |
| 2014 | 9.6 | 31.9 | - | 22.9 | 12.4 | 10.9 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.0 | - | - | - | - |
| 2019 | 25.9 | 23.3 | 13.3 | 9.0 | 8.3 | 7.5 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 0.7 | - | - | - | - |
In the districts of Kleinnaundorf (since 1999), Pesterwitz (since 1999), Weißig (since 2004) and Wurgwitz (since 1994) local councils are formed as small-scale citizens' representatives . They are elected together with the city council, so also last on May 26, 2019. The local council consists of nine (in Pesterwitz: ten) local councils, who appoint a local chief from among their ranks . In Kleinnaundorf this is Thomas Käfer, in Pesterwitz Wolfgang Schneider, in Weißig Matthias Koch and in Wurgwitz Jutta Ebert.
mayor
As a result of the status of Freitals as a major district town, the mayor of the city is entitled to the title of Lord Mayor ; due to the number of inhabitants, he works full-time. A term of office is seven years, the official seat is the Potschappel Town Hall . The acting Lord Mayor has been Uwe Rumberg (non-party, previously CDU) since August 1, 2015 . In the mayoral election in 2015 he was elected with 51.3% of the vote and a voter turnout of 46.4%. Rumberg is the 23rd mayor of the city and the third upper mayor since the reintroduction of this title in 1997. Already 1922 to 1950 was called the mayor Mayor, in the subsequent period, the official name was only mayor.
The city council appoints two deputy mayors to represent the mayor. They carry the designations of First and Second Mayors and each have some business areas within the city administration in their area of responsibility. First mayor and responsible for the main office , finances, schools and social affairs as well as sport is Peter Pfitzenreiter, second mayor and responsible for the town planning and urban planning department as well as the lower building supervisory authority of Freitals is Jörg-Peter Schautz.
Constituencies
The city has been part of the Saxon Switzerland - Eastern Ore Mountains federal electoral district since 2002 (previous name until 2008: Saxon Switzerland - Weißeritz district), which extends over the entire Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district. From 1990 to 2002 Freital belonged to the Bundestag constituency Dresden-Land - Freital - Dippoldiswalde , which covered the area of the then Weißeritz district. The direct mandate was won by Klaus Brähmig from the CDU from the establishment of the constituencies in 1990 until the federal election in 2013 , and for the first time from the AfD in 2017. Frauke Petry , who left the AfD after the election, is a non-attached member of the German Bundestag for this constituency .
At the state level, the city has belonged to the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains constituency 1 since the state elections in 2014 , which largely includes the area of the old district of Freital. It has consistently won CDU candidates since 1990. Since the state elections in Saxony in 1999 , the current Saxon interior minister, Roland Wöller (CDU), has been a member of the Saxon state parliament for the constituency . In the state elections in 1990 Freital belonged to the constituency Freital I , in the state elections in 1994 and 1999 to the constituency of Meißen-Dresden Süd and then in 2004 and 2009 to the constituency of Weißeritzkreis 1 .
Coat of arms and city colors
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1922-1938
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1938-1944
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The city coat of arms , which has been in effect since 1945 , was created by commercial artist Kurt Beer and is the third national emblem of Freant in chronological order. The blazon of the emblem is marked with a golden cogwheel in red at the top, a black spruce at the top in gold, a black ear of corn in front and below in gold, and golden mallets and iron crossed in red at the bottom. The city coat of arms was created in 1945 and is intended to symbolize industry, forestry, agriculture and mining in the city and the surrounding area. The city colors of Freital are gold and red or alternatively yellow and red.
Before 1945 the city already had two other coats of arms. The first coat of arms created by the commercial artist Kurt Börnig was official from 1922. It was replaced by a new coat of arms in 1938, which stood for the city until 1944.
The first city coat of arms shows steep, red rock faces and the Plauen reason against a golden background. A white river reminiscent of the Weißeritz flows through the bottom. A black factory building with many white windows and four smoking chimneys of different heights dominates in the middle. A large white sun rises behind this building, the rays of which extend to the edge of the coat of arms. There is a red gear in the upper right corner and red mallets and irons in the left corner . The two symbols stand for the most important branches of industry at the time, the machine industry and mining . The city colors were, as with today's coat of arms, gold and red.
Blazon of the second coat of arms: In the golden field on the green wind mountain there is a large black gear, which is held on the right by a miner with a wedge pick and on the left shows a smelter with hammer and pliers. A golden wavy band is inserted into the mountain, which is supposed to remind of the Weißeritz. In this coat of arms Weißeritz, mining and machine industry were represented. The city colors were black and gold or alternatively black and yellow.
Town twinning
Freital maintains partnerships with the German cities of Oberhausen in North Rhine-Westphalia (since 1989) and with Baden-Baden in Baden-Württemberg (since 1991). The town twinning to Oberhausen was transformed into the weaker form of town friendship in 2001 . In Oberhausen there is a Freitaler Platz , while in Freital there is Oberhausener Straße . Foreign town twinning has not been maintained since 1991. They existed in Vsetín (German: Settein, Czechoslovakia) until 1990, in Mariánské Lázně (German: Marienbad, Czechoslovakia) from 1978 to 1989, in Milicz (German: Militsch, Poland) from 1987 to 1990 and in Longwy (German: Langich, France) from 1979 to 1991.
Culture and sights
Event and exhibition venues
Up until the GDR era there were numerous stages and locations for cultural performances in the districts, mostly in the rooms of inns (for example the former Kohlsdorf inn , which is now used as living space, or the now demolished halls in Döhlen , the Golden Lion or the Saxon Wolf ) . Two larger event locations have been preserved: the Stadtkulturhaus Freital on Lutherstrasse in Döhlen with two halls (maximum 540 and 100 seats) for theater, cabaret, folk music, ballet as well as for dance and private events, as well as the ballrooms Coßmannsdorf with one hall for 290 people as a culture and event building. The Alfred-Damm-Heim in the Wurgwitz district , for example, is also used as a home for athletes . The amateur theater “Spielbühne Freital”, founded in 1973, is currently located on Lutherstrasse in Döhlen and shows around 50 performances there each year, with a special focus on children's and youth theater. Among other things, the cabaret artist Uwe Steimle was a member of the Spielbühne during his apprenticeship.
In 2002, the "Windbergarena", an event hall for up to 6000 guests, was built in an old factory building of the Plastmaschinenwerk in Döhlen, in which concerts, parties (for example from sunshine live ) and sporting events were held. Due to structural defects in the unrenovated industrial building, the hall was closed in 2010 and, after lengthy urban policy discussions about renovation or a possible replacement, in favor of a technology park in connection with the technology and start-up center, it was demolished. There were several considerations in the following years for a new building of a similarly dimensioned event location.
Exhibitions in Freital focus on mining and regional history . The Freital Municipal Collections are among the largest non-state museums in Saxony and are located in Burgk Castle . Evidence of the mining history of the Plauen reason and the closely interwoven history of the town of Freital and its predecessors are collected. The first electrically operated mine locomotive in the world, "Dorothea", is on display in an adjoining building of the castle . In addition, equipment from the mining company of that time is on display in the "Technology Garden" and it is possible to drive into the Upper Revier daily route . The municipal art collections, which document works from the Dresden region between 1890 and 1950, are a specialty. The art collectors Friedrich Pappermann (1909–1995) and Hellmuth Heinz (1904–1994) donated a large part of their private collections to the city before their death . The municipal art collections include nine classic paintings by Otto Dix and also works by the artists Willy Kriegel , Wilhelm Lachnit , Wilhelm Rudolph , Pol Cassel , Otto Lange , Curt Querner , Christoph Voll and Ewald Schönberg . In addition to changing special exhibitions, there is also the "School History Cabinet". The documentation of regional educational history was previously exhibited in the former Birkig school building .
In the former takers' house on Dresdner Straße in the Potschappel district, the private sponsoring association offers studios and regularly exhibits regional and national art.
Cultural monuments and buildings
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As of November 2012, 338 objects in Freital are listed as cultural monuments and are therefore under monument protection . The Saxon State Office for Monument Preservation has summarized these buildings from all parts of the city in the list of cultural monuments in Freital . Some important building ensembles are also subject to ensemble protection as aggregates .
A building worth seeing in Freital is Burgk Castle at the foot of the Windberg in the Burgk district, which is closely related to the coal mining industry in the region. Carl Friedrich August Dathe von Burgk acquired the castle and ran his Freiherr von Burgker coal and iron works from here. In the Pesterwitz district there is another castle, the Jochhöhschlösschen , which also belonged to Carl Friedrich August Dathe von Burgk.
The city is also characterized by the King Albert monument on the Windberg, a 17 meter high sandstone obelisk, which was built in honor of King Albert of Saxony from 1903 to 1904. In the Deuben district is the Egermühle , which is equipped with a high tower and can be seen from afar. Due to the location on the Weißeritz, other mill buildings such as the Hainsberger Mühle or the Rote Mühle in Döhlen, which was demolished in 1937, were built . The town halls in the founding communities of Deuben, Döhlen and Potschappel are important buildings that shape the cityscape. In the outlying districts there are also cultural monuments such as the Wurgwitz town hall . Since no large industrial companies developed in the peripheral areas, they are mostly village-like and characterized by farms and half-timbered houses .
There are many industrial buildings in the Döhlen basin, once known as the “valley of a thousand chimneys”. The largest and most striking are the halls of the high-grade steel works Freital , which stretch through the entire area to the left of the Weißeritz in the districts of Deuben and Döhlen. After reunification , many companies had to close, which is why some industrial buildings are empty or have been demolished. The stainless steel plant no longer uses all of the former factory buildings. The event hall "Windberg-Arena" was housed in a factory of the plastic machine factory until 2010, which had to be closed due to construction defects. The hall was demolished in 2011.
Due to the population growth in the city and the housing shortage in the GDR , prefabricated building areas were built in many places , such as in Zauckerode, Niederhäslich and southern Deuben. After the fall of the Wall, the panels were largely torn off or renovated. Along the Dresdner Straße , the elongated center of Freital, you will find houses from the Wilhelminian style , especially in Potschappel . A little further away from the main street there are a few villas , mostly simple residential buildings.
The social democratic city fathers wanted to build a center on Freitaler Neumarkt in the 1920s, a town hall and several representative administrative buildings were planned. However, these plans were only implemented in isolated cases. For example, a new building was built for the local health insurance fund and a “town house” that is used as a medical center.
The churches in the districts are also characteristic of the Freital cityscape . Church buildings are in Deuben, Döhlen, Hainsberg, Pesterwitz, Potschappel and Somsdorf. Most of the cemeteries have been created near the church , the two largest being the Potschappel cemetery and the Johannis cemetery near Deuben. There is a memorial hall and the Freiherrlich-Burgk mausoleum at the Döhlen cemetery .
Memorial stones and memorials
- The miner's grave in Kleinnaundorf , Am Segen, not far from the Windberg, commemorates the 276 miners who lost their lives on August 2, 1869 in a firedamp explosion in the Segen-Gottes-Schacht and Neuhoffnungsschacht .
- At the Johannisfriedhof , Schweinsdorf district, a memorial commemorates 168 Soviet victims of forced labor , whose names (147 are known) are noted on triangular memorial steles along the northern and western borders of the cemetery. Opposite is a grave with a memorial for other forced laborers from Lithuania, Hungary, Czechoslovakia and Italy.
- Memorial stone on Blumenstrasse, Birkigt district, for 33 Soviet citizens, six Belgians, three French, two Czechs and one British who were deported to Germany during the Second World War and were victims of forced labor
- Bronze sculpture from 1958 by the sculptor Wieland Förster on the Platz des Friedens in front of the stadium, Döhlen district, in memory of all victims of fascism
- Memorial plaque from 1963 for the Freital victims of the Nazi regime in the town hall of the Potschappel district: Georg Anders, Fred Drescher, Paul Ehrlich, Willi Göschik, Kurt Heilbut , Kurt Koch, Otto Kuttler, Hermann Lindner, Erhard Liebscher, Johannes May, Otto Ryssel, Willi Schneider and Karl Unger; Hidden in a storage room from 1990 to 2002, it was then re-installed in the Potschappel Town Hall so that it was visible to the public
- Memorial plaque from 1996 on residential building Westendstraße 30 for the Jewish Social Democratic editor Kurt Halibut, of 1943 in the Auschwitz concentration camp was murdered
- Memorial plaque from 1974 on the stadium, district of Hainsberg, in memory of the communist worker sportsman Johannes May, who has been missing in the Wehrmacht since 1943 (the stadium has been named after September 22, 1975)
- Memorial stone for the Wurgwitz athletes who fell in World War I on the football field in the Wurgwitz district
- Memorial in Wurgwitz for victims of violence and the reign of terror on the Wiederitz
- Bronze statue of a steelworker in front of the entrance to the stainless steel plant
- “ Iron Cross ” memorial for those who died in World War I above the Johannes May Stadium near Freital-Hainsberg
- Memorial for the victims of National Socialism on the youth square
Parks and squares
The Goetheplatz , a park with a pond, water fountain and an honorary column for King Albert, to whom the Windberg Monument was dedicated, is located in the Deuben district . A memorial for the Soviet soldiers who died in World War II stands on the Platz der Jugend an der Weißeritz in Potschappel .
The craft square is the central square in Potschappel. It is located directly in front of the Potschappel station building next to the town hall and was redesigned after the floods in 2002. Opposite the Weißeritz is an open space that was expanded to look like a park in 2008. A well was planned from the start and was only installed in 2009. On this occasion, the square was given its name, previously it was known colloquially as "Bahnhofsvorplatz".
After the city was founded, Neumarkt was to become the center of Freital. Many of the city's functional buildings were built around the square, for example the local health insurance company and the tax office . Before that, the area was undeveloped. The Neumarkt, which borders a park towards the Weißeritz, has been paved since around 1960 and serves as a parking lot and event area. In the 1970s, a fountain was installed on the side facing the street.
Along the course of the Weißeritz there are now and then smaller parks, such as in Döhlen at the Platz des Friedens or at Sachsenplatz. The Heilsberger Park on the Wilden Weißeritz is designated as a protected landscape component.
Sports
In connection with industrialization and the resulting transformation of the rural villages of the Döhlen basin into working-class villages, the first workers' sports clubs were established . The free gymnastics club Potschappel was founded in 1847 as the first such club in what would later become Freital, and others followed in almost every subsequent district. They built their own gymnasiums and sports fields as well as their own gymnasiums in the larger towns. In the time of the GDR, the sports clubs were largely consolidated into company sports associations , and clubs with the typical names of sports associations such as "Progress Hainsberg" (textile industry, Buntgarnwerke in Coßmannsdorf) and "Wismut Freital" (uranium mining), "Motor Freital" (metal processing) were created and "Stahl Freital" (stainless steel works). They were integrated into the competitive sports system of the GDR and were the location of the "training centers", the basic level of youth sports. Another phase of consolidation began after reunification in the 1990s.
Today the Sportclub Freital is with about 1500 members the largest sports association in the city and at the same time also the largest club in terms of members in the district. It emerged in July 2020 from the merger of the then largest Freital sports club, Hainsberger SV, with SG Motor Freital and FV Blau-Weiß Stahl Freital . The football department of Stahl Freital played two seasons in the GDR league , the second-highest division at the time, and then for a long time in the third-class district league . In the 2020/21 season, the footballers played in the sixth class Sachsenliga , after both Stahl Freital and Hainsberger SV had long competed in the seventh league, the regional middle class. Further departments at SC Freital are archery, boxing, athletics, rhythmic gymnastics, swimming, tennis, table tennis and volleyball. The volleyball women of SC Freital have been playing in the Saxony League since the 2019/2020 season, and the swimming department is also successful across Saxony.
The SG Weißig 1861 as the next largest club is active in football and athletics. Other sports clubs have their center in the districts, so there is the SG Wurgwitz, the SV Pesterwitz, the WSG Zauckerode and the SG Kleinnaundorf. The Tambourelli department of SG Kleinnaundorf is active in its sport up to world championships. The first team of the RSV Freital cycling club plays in the Dresden district league.
At the beginning of the 20th century, Döhlen, Deuben and Zauckerode had gyms, and Deuben, Döhlen, Potschappel, Birkigt, Burgk and Niederhäslich had sports fields. In 2019 there were a total of 35 sports facilities in Freital, including 14 sports fields and 16 sports halls, which are directly sponsored by the city, the district or the city's own technical works.
The city's three largest stadiums are in the valley: the “Stadion am Burgwartsberg” in Potschappel on Oberpesterwitzer Strasse , the “Stadion des Friedens” in Döhlen at Platz des Friedens and the “Johannes-May-Stadion” in the Hainsberg district, Rabenauer Strasse . After the founding of SC Freital, the Stadium of Peace, previously the home of SG Motor Freital, is to be converted into a central sports center with a new functional building and grandstand. There are also larger sports fields in Wurgwitz, Weißig and Pesterwitz.
The city's two three-field sports halls are located at the vocational school center in Burgk and at the Weißeritzgymnasium in Deuben, while the gym at the vocational school center has audience stands. In addition, there are one and two-field sports halls built near the school as refurbished GDR type buildings or corresponding replacement new buildings from the period after 1990, such as in Hainsberg, Zauckerode or Wurgwitz. Single-field gyms from the first half of the 20th century, such as those on the Sauberg in Potschappel or in Weißig, have also been preserved.
The largest connected sports and leisure facility in the city is the Hains leisure center in Hainsberg. In addition to an indoor swimming pool with a sports and leisure pool, two large slides and an attached sauna, it has a bowling alley, a fitness center and a covered area that can be used in summer for beach volleyball, badminton and tennis and in winter for ice skating .
In addition to the Hains, the Freital technical works operate the two outdoor swimming pools Windi in Niederhäslich and Zacke in Zauckerode. The Zacke was opened in 1925 as a Glück-Auf-Bad . To this end, the city bought an old artificial pond from the Zauckerode coal works, including the surrounding land, so that 3000 m² of water and 2000 m² of land could be used for the inauguration. The bath was supplied with water from the Quänebach. In the years 1995–1996 it received three large slides and, in the early 2000s, new sanitary and administrative buildings. Windi , located on the windy hillside , opened a good 20 years earlier. Initially, the “light and air bath”, which was opened on June 24, 1906 and built with funds from the “Naturheilverein Deuben”, was operated separately by gender. During the GDR era, the bath was named after the club's founder, Hermann Wolf . There is a 25-meter swimming pool, a slide and a paddling pool.
Regular events
The annual Freital city festival is called "Windbergfest" and is held in September around the festival area at the Platz des Friedens in Döhlen / Burgk. This includes rides, musicals and other offers as well as pageants. Until 2018, the traditional balloon glow took place every year at the Freitaler Windbergfest as a souvenir of Wilhelmine Reichard . Her involvement in the city was remembered on the sports field not far from her former home. In 2019, this tradition was abandoned in favor of a concert event.
Since 2013, the Freitaler Kultur (All) Days have been held in July as an amalgamation of around 50 individual events at 20 different locations within the city. At Burgk Castle there is a medieval fair at Easter and the city Christmas market in winter. Every two years the carnival and carnival clubs from the Freitaler districts and from some surrounding places such as Bannewitz, Kurort Hartha or Wilsdruff hold a large carnival parade on Dresdner Strasse .
The largest running event in the region, the "Run in the Spring" with over 1000 participants, is held annually in May from the Hains leisure center through the Rabenauer Grund. The Freital offshoot of the CrossDeLuxe obstacle course, which has been running in late summer since 2018, also begins and ends at Hains . In the Kleinnaundorf district there are regular competitions in the stiff box races up to European championships. On the last weekend before the Saxon summer holidays, the swimming department of SC Freital holds the swimming festival on the Windberg as a competition for young talent with up to 400 participants and 2000 starts.
In addition to honorary citizenship , the city awards an entrepreneur prize, an art and culture prize and the Wilhelmine Reichard prize at random.
Economy and Infrastructure
The city is classified by the Saxon state government as a middle center in the agglomeration . The Döhlen basin is still industrial, while the districts outside the valley often still have agricultural features. In the post-reunification period , new industrial areas were created on former large industrial areas or new usable areas were developed. As of June 30, 2014, a total of 10,399 workers were employed at the place of work and 15,124 workers were employed at the place of residence. In 2003 there were 3871 unemployed in the city. The value fell to 3,754 unemployed in 2004 and rose again to 3,854 in 2005. Unemployment fell continuously from 2006 to 2008, 3,722 people were registered as unemployed in 2006, and 2,932 in 2008. The unemployment rate this year was 12.7 %. According to surveys by the Federal Employment Agency , Freital has a negative commuter balance . 30 June 2011 5583 stood commuters 10,141 commuters over. This is mainly due to the proximity to the state capital Dresden, in whose metropolitan area Freital is located.
Companies
The branches of industry represented in Freital are building materials industry , chemical industry / pharmaceuticals , equipment manufacturing , glass production , plastics technology , mechanical engineering , metalworking and processing, metallurgy , food and beverage production, paper production and porcelain production and processing. In addition, there are around 300 retail outlets with a total sales area of around 60,000 m² and over 380 craft businesses with 1,500 employees.
The largest employer in the city is the Edelstahlwerk Freital , which belongs to the BGH group (Boschgotthardshütte), which is also based in Freital. During the GDR era, the state-owned company stainless steel works May 8, 1945 Freital was one of the largest stainless steel processing companies in the country with over 1000 employees. In the downsized plant, stainless and special steels are produced. The company had around 700 employees in 2013 and 2016. The factories are located in the Deuben and Döhlen districts. The company's administration is based in the Deuben district. Hainsberger Metallwerk , a manufacturer of tools, molds, special machines and samples with 70 employees , is also located in the metal and steel industry .
The Hainsberg paper mill (hainsberg paper) had around 100 employees in mid-2009 and is located in the immediate vicinity of the Hainsberg metal works. Another larger company in Freital is the Freital glassworks in the Döhlen district. This company produces container glass and at the end of 2010 had 70 employees. In the building materials industry, there is also a larger company in the city, the EDER Ziegelwerk Freital in Döhlen, a system provider for the natural building material brick with 56 employees.
In the health sector, there is Bombastus-Werke AG with the production of medicinal and health care products as well as homeopathics . The company is based in the Zauckerode district. At the beginning of 2012, Bombastus had 160 employees. The Freital Clinic is part of the Helios Weißeritztal-Kliniken GmbH, which also operates the clinic in Dippoldiswalde. The Weißeritztal-Kliniken were initially a subsidiary of Rhön-Klinikum AG , in February 2014 they were taken over by the Helios-Kliniken . The clinic is centrally located in the Deuben district near the border with Hainsberg.
The drugstore chain DAKO, which was founded in 1990 and had its first branch in Freital, later became the non-food retail chain Pfennigpfeiffer with over 100 stores throughout Germany. Werner's Nahrungsmittel GmbH in Potschappel is also active in the food sector, especially known for the production of dumpling flour . The company had 20 employees at the beginning of 2012.
Until 1995 the Sparkasse Freital had its seat in the city, it was united with the Sparkasse Dippoldiswalde first to the Sparkasse Weißeritzkreis, in 1999 with the Sparkasse Pirna-Sebnitz to the Sparkasse Freital-Pirna and in 2003 with the Sparkasse Westlausitz to the Sparkasse Elbtal-Westlausitz. The Ostsächsische Sparkasse Dresden has been responsible for the entire district since 2004 .
Until the reunification period, Freital was a location of the Saxon optical industry ( Welta , Freitaler Kamerawerke Beier , Karl Pouva AG ). The Plastmaschinenwerk Freital manufactured injection molding machines until 1997 . In the 1950s over 500 people worked in this company, in 1997 the annual turnover was 13.6 million DM.
A special feature of Freital's economic landscape is the Freital technology and start-up center , which consists of an “F1” office and workshop complex on Neumarkt and the “F2” commercial park in Neudöhlen. Young companies should grow in F1 and can then move to their own locations in the F2 Park if necessary. The office complex was built from 2011 to 2013, the industrial park was built on a wasteland by 2015 and was accessed by a street.
Public institutions and media
Freital is the seat of the Freital-Dippoldiswalde police station . Until 2013, the city was the administrative headquarters of its own police station, which was then merged with the Dippoldiswalder Revier and was initially located in Dippoldiswalde, but was then moved back to Freital. Another public institution is the Freital City Library in Deuben with a branch in Zauckerode. The city of Freital has a stake in the Freitaler Projektentwicklungsgesellschaft, in the Technischen Werken Freital, in the housing company Freital and in the Freitaler Stadtwerke GmbH through the Wirtschaftsbetriebe Freital GmbH . In 2015, around 250 people were employed in companies with municipal participation.
The daily newspaper with the highest circulation in the city is the Sächsische Zeitung (SZ). In the SZ there is a daily regional edition (Freitaler Zeitung) for Freital, Wilsdruff, Tharandt, Dorfhain , Rabenau, Kreischa and Bannewitz. In addition, Freital is in the circulation area of the Dresden Latest News . The free “Freitaler Reporter” and the official gazette “Freitaler Anzeiger” published by the city administration are regionally oriented . The regional television broadcaster "FRM" from Dippoldiswalde takes over the broadcasting of a regional television program in addition to the Central German Radio . Cable television is largely offered by Tele Columbus .
Tourism and retail
Inner-city retail is not very well developed in Freital. On the one hand, this is due to the low attractiveness of the central, sometimes four-lane thoroughfare, Dresdner Strasse, as a shopping and residential area, and, on the other hand, the wide range of shops and markets in Dresden. The Freital shopping center Weißeritz-Park, opened in 1994 on the outskirts of the city, has almost 22,000 square meters of retail space and houses around 60 shops. In the “Panschau-Galerie” in the Döhlen district, in addition to the city library, the branches of several retail chains are located. The "City Center", located just a few hundred meters away between Neumarkt and the bus station, is another larger shopping center.
The tourism in Freital is influenced by the state capital. On the one hand, the existing oversupply of hotel beds in Dresden hinders the development of the number of overnight stays in Freital, on the other hand, tourist accommodations in the city are preferred because of lower prices. In Freital itself there are few supraregional sights, so tourism in the city as a whole plays a subordinate role than, for example, in the cultural cities of Dresden or Meißen . In July 2015, six accommodation facilities with 226 beds were open in Freital. In 2015, the city counted a total of 8036 temporary stays without overnight stays and 17,328 overnight stays.
traffic
The public transport in Freital is essentially determined by the six city bus lines A-F and a plurality of regional traffic lines of the regional transport Saxon Switzerland Osterzgebirge- organized (RVSOE). The central transfer option is at the Freital-Deuben bus station with a stop for S-Bahn and regional trains operated by Deutsche Bahn AG and the Mitteldeutsche Regiobahn . The Dresden S-Bahn line S3 runs from Dresden Hauptbahnhof on the Dresden – Werdau railway line along the Weißeritz via Freital to Tharandt. The Freital-Potschappel and Freital-Hainsberg train stations and the Freital-Deuben and Freital-Hainsberg West stops are located here in the city . The journey from Freital-Deuben to Dresden Central Station takes about twelve minutes.
The branch line of this railway line is the steam-powered Weißeritztalbahn ( narrow gauge ) from Freital-Hainsberg to Kipsdorf , which has been in operation again to its end point since mid-2017 after flood damage . In the urban area, the Freital-Coßmannsdorf stop is located next to Hainsberg . The standard gauge Windbergbahn from the Freital-Ost junction has leased the Windbergbahn eV from DB Netz AG and is working on releasing the route as a museum railway . Since September 2012, special trips have been offered again on a section. There was also the Freital-Potschappel-Nossen narrow-gauge railway and the Niederhermsdorfer coal branch line , which have been closed since 1972.
There are no federal highways through Freital . Nearby are the B 170 near Possendorf and the B 173 near Kesselsdorf, which are connected to the Freital road network by State Road 36 . Other state roads run from Dresden to Tharandt ("Dresdner Straße", S 194) and from Hainsberg to Rabenau and Dippoldiswalde ("Rabenauer Straße", S 193). Via the federal highways 173 and 170 there are connections to the federal motorway 17 (Dresden – Prague) at the junctions “Dresden- Gorbitz ” (B 173) and “Dresden- Südvorstadt ” (B 170). Before these motorways were built, the connection via the “Wilsdruff” junction to federal motorway 4 was the shortest route to the motorway. As part of the construction of the A 17, a new motorway feeder was built on the northern corridors of the Wurgwitz district, which connects Freital to the B 173.
The nearest commercial airport is Dresden Airport, which can be reached via the surrounding motorways . The closest navigable body of water is the Elbe with the Alberthafen Dresden-Friedrichstadt .
education
The vocational school center for technology and business " Otto Lilienthal " is located in Freital as a vocational school with a vocational school , vocational school , technical college and vocational grammar school . In 1998 a large new school building was built for this school in the Burgk district. Previously, it was divided into three locations in Freitaler Dresdner and Südstrasse and in Rabenau. The former grammar school " Manfred von Ardenne " in Zauckerode was merged with the regional grammar school Freital-Deuben in 2003. The school, which was renamed the Weißeritzgymnasium in September 2007, was for some time the largest grammar school in Saxony in terms of student numbers. On September 18, 2015, 1,039 students in 34 classes were studying at the Weißeritzgymnasium. At the time, 83 teachers were employed at the grammar school.
There are three public high schools ( middle schools until 2013 ) in Freital: the Geschwister-Scholl -Oberschule in Hainsberg, the Waldblick-Oberschule Niederhäslich and the Oberschule " Gotthold Ephraim Lessing " in Potschappel. The schools in Wurgwitz, Weißig and Döhlen were closed. On September 18, 2015, a total of 1,070 students in 49 classes with 98 teachers were studying at secondary schools.
There are seven primary schools in Freital: the Geschwister-Scholl primary school in Hainsberg, the Glückauf primary school in Zauckerode, the primary school " Ludwig Richter " in Birkigt, the primary school "Gotthold Ephraim Lessing" in Potschappel, the primary school "Am Albertschacht" in Wurgwitz, the elementary school in Pesterwitz and the elementary school Poisental. The Weißig elementary school was closed. The still existing primary schools had 65 classes with 1384 students on September 18, 2015, who were taught by a total of 84 teachers.
Other schools are the "Wilhelmine Reichard" school for learning support with a clinic and hospital school in Döhlen and the "School in the Park" for the mentally handicapped in Hainsberg. On September 18, 2015, 268 students were taught by 39 teachers in 24 classes in these two schools. The non-profit school association "Best-Sabel" (founded by Gustav-Adolf Sabel in Nuremberg in 1896 and operating throughout Germany) is a private school with the state-recognized substitute schools for the vocational school for business and technology and the technical college for design and social affairs in Freital.
At the end of the 2014/2015 school year, 296 graduates left the municipal schools, 41 of them without and 15 with a secondary school certificate and 155 with a secondary school certificate . The general higher education entrance qualification (Abitur) achieved 85 pupils.
Personalities
One of the most important people who have left their mark on today's urban area is the factor at the Königliche Steinkohlenwerke Zauckerode , Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm Lindig (1779–1852). Under his leadership, the Zauckeroder Steinkohlenwerk became a pioneer in the technical and social field. Lindig is considered to be the inventor of coal washing , a worldwide process for processing hard coal. The founding of the Unterweißig miners' settlement , the first steam engine in Saxon mining (1820) and the deep Elbstolln go back to his work. Wilhelmine Reichard (1788–1848), the first German female balloonist, is one of Freital's personalities . From 1814 until her death she lived in what would later become the Freital district of Döhlen. There are hot air balloons that bear their portrait and name. In memory of this woman, Freital is sometimes called “Wilhelmine-Reichard-Stadt”. Well-known personalities of the city and its predecessor communities were often entrepreneurs such as Carl Friedrich August Dathe von Burgk, who, as a coal baron, founded the Freiherrlich von Burgker Steinkohlen- und Eisenhüttenwerke and thus helped the region to achieve an economic upturn through the mining of hard coal . By Karl Pouva and his Karl Pouva AG Freital was an important site of the Saxon camera industry. Other important industrialists who worked in the Freital area are Carl Wilhelm von Oppel and Adolf Theodor Roscher .
Freital is the birthplace of several internationally successful athletes such as Jens Kruppa (* 1976), who won the silver medal in the individual relay at the 2004 Olympic Games in Athens as a swimmer . The volleyball player Kerstin Tzscherlich played in the German national volleyball team. The soccer goalkeeper Tom Starke was under contract with FC Bayern Munich . Richard Hoffmann , who lived in Freital for a long time, was a 25-time national player in the German national soccer team and later a soccer coach and sports official in the GDR, including as a founding member of the GDR's National Olympic Committee . The bobsleigh athlete Nico Walther is multiple medalist at European and World Championships as well as second at the Olympics.
As a special award for high merits, the city of Freital has so far made seven people honorary citizens . Above all, artists and writers were granted honorary citizenship.
literature
- Between Tharandt forest, Freital and the Lockwitztal (= values of our homeland . Volume 21). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1973.
- Tobias Günther: Freital . Leipzig 2003, ISBN 3-934572-74-X .
- Eberhard Gürtler, Klaus Gürtler: The hard coal mining in the Döhlen basin. Shafts to the left and right of the Weißeritz . Freital 2000.
- Hellmuth Heinz : Freital and the Plauensche Grund . In: Our little hiking booklet . No. 62 . Leipzig 1957.
- Juliane Puls: Freital. On the way to the city . Erfurt 2000, ISBN 3-89702-227-3 .
- Juliane Puls: Freital. Based on coal and steel . Erfurt 2004, ISBN 3-89702-659-7 .
- Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology / Sächsisches Oberbergamt (Hrsg.): The Döhlener basin near Dresden. Geology and mining . Dresden 2007, ISBN 3-9811421-0-1 ( digitized version ).
- Vincenz Kaiser: Berthold von Potschappel and his colleagues . In: Dresdner Latest News . June 3, 2006, p. 9 .
- Vincenz Kaiser: From Potschappel to Grafenstein. The Burgraves of Dohna and their ministry between Elbe Valley and Upper Lusatia in the High Middle Ages . In: New Lusatian Magazine . No. 13 , 2010.
- Lars-Arne Dannenberg , Vincenz Kaiser: Wilsdruff in the High Middle Ages. Considerations for the settlement of the Wilsdruffer Land and the development of the city with special consideration of the Jakobikirche . In: New archive for Saxon history . No. 80 , 2009, p. 1-38, especially p. 13 ff .
- Siegfried Huth, Roland Hanusch: memories. Freital in the photo between 1950 and 1980 . Ed .: Wolfgang Burkhardt. Freital 2006.
Web links
- Website of the city of Freital
- Freital in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- Link catalog on Freital at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Search for Freital in the SPK digital portal of the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the Free State of Saxony by municipalities on December 31, 2019 ( help on this ).
- ↑ a b Saxon State Ministry of the Interior (ed.): Landesentwicklungsplan 2013 . S. 29 ( sachsen.de [PDF; 1.5 MB ; accessed on June 14, 2020]).
- ^ Regional data, municipal statistics, Saxony. Municipal statistics 2019 for Freital, city. In: statistik.sachsen.de. State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on June 14, 2020 .
- ↑ Update of the Integrated Urban Development Concept (INSEK). (PDF; 120 MB) Urban development Freital 2030plus. Stadtverwaltung Freital, STEG Stadtentwicklung GmbH, January 2020, p. 92 , accessed on July 13, 2020 .
- ↑ Update of the Integrated Urban Development Concept (INSEK). (PDF; 120 MB) Urban development Freital 2030plus. Stadtverwaltung Freital, STEG Stadtentwicklung GmbH, January 2020, p. 92 , accessed on July 13, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Saxon State Office for Environment and Geology / Sächsisches Oberbergamt (Hrsg.): The Döhlener basin near Dresden. Geology and mining . Freiberg 2006, ISBN 3-9811421-0-1 ( Digitalisat ( Memento of 19 July 2011 at the Internet Archive ) (PDF; [accessed 9 February 2008] 44 MB)). The Döhlen basin near Dresden. Geology and Mining ( Memento from July 19, 2011 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Uwe Hoffmann: The Rotliegend of the Döhlen basin (Elbe zone): New data on volcanism and sedimentation . In: Workshop "Upper Carboniferous - Lower Triassic in Central Europe: Processes and their Timing", 53rd Miners and Hüttenmännischer Tag . Freiberg 2002 ( digitized version (PDF; 3.3 MB)).
- ↑ Description of the steam engine at www.albert-gieseler.de
- ^ A b Siegfried Huth: Freital in old views . tape 1 . Freital, ISBN 978-90-288-5521-2 .
- ^ A b Siegfried Huth: Freital in old views . tape 2 . Freital, ISBN 978-90-288-6314-9 .
- ↑ Heinz Fiedler: A name causes follies and excitement . In: Saxon newspaper . October 10, 2008.
- ↑ a b Juliane Puls: Freital. On the way to the city . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2000, ISBN 3-89702-227-3 , p. 107 .
- ↑ Franz Walter: Loss of Symbols and Change of Identity - Freital's Radical Political-Cultural Change of Orientation in the 20th Century, in Dresdner Hefte, No. 125 (2016): Freital - an industrial city in transition
- ↑ Robert Lorenz: Pegida in the ruins of the once "red Saxony" , in: Blog of the Göttingen Institute for Democracy Research , February 5, 2015.
- ↑ Heinz Fiedler: The city on the Windberg remains independent . In: Saxon newspaper . November 28, 2007.
- ^ City history of the city of Freital, Freital City Collections at Burgk Castle February 10, 2019.
- ↑ Gerhard Herber: From the world to the test equipment factory . Freital 2001, p. 19 .
- ↑ Verena Weiß: Rabenau and Freital are reminiscent of Canoe World Championships . In: Saxon newspaper . May 18, 2012.
- ↑ a b c d Eligible voters, voters, ballot papers, distribution of votes and seats in the election on June 12, 1994 in the municipality of Freital, Stadt; Weißeritzkreis. In: Municipal council election 1994. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ^ Protests in Freital . Retrieved July 1, 2015.
- ^ Matthias Meisner : Pegida, Freital, Meißen ... and the CDU. Something is wrong in Saxony. In: tagesspiegel.de . June 29, 2015, accessed July 1, 2015 .
- ^ Matthias Meisner: Anti-Asylum Protests in Freital: "Comparisons with Hoyerswerda are appropriate". In: tagesspiegel.de . June 23, 2015, accessed July 3, 2015 .
- ^ Freital: Again protests against the refugee home. In: sueddeutsche.de . June 24, 2015, accessed July 3, 2015 .
- ^ Right-wing extremism: Five suspected right-wing terrorists arrested in Freital. In: zeit.de . April 19, 2016. Retrieved April 20, 2016 .
- ↑ a b c Ndr: "Lausbuben": How to play down terrorists in Freital. In: daserste.ndr.de. January 29, 2015, accessed December 15, 2017 .
- ↑ Xenophobia in Saxony: The common people of Freital. In: tagesspiegel.de . May 6, 2016, accessed December 15, 2017 .
- ↑ 7. Regionalized population projection for the Free State of Saxony 2019 to 2035. (PDF; 1.6 MB) Data sheet for the municipality of Freital, city. In: statistik.sachsen.de. State Statistical Office of Saxony, accessed on June 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Results of the 6th regionalized population forecast of the Free State of Saxony for the district of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains. (PDF; 0.7 MB) In: landratsamt-pirna.de. Strategic and District Development Office of the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains District, accessed on June 11, 2020 .
- ↑ Population forecast - Freital - population structure - 2012–2030. In: wegweiser-kommune.de. Bertelsmann Foundation , accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Freital in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ a b Amtshauptmannschaft Dresden-Altstadt. In: Community directory Germany 1900. Uli Schubert, accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ^ Deuben in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ a b Change in the structure of the municipality on March 1, 2011. In: Regional Register Saxony. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Heinz Fiedler: Potschappels roots . In: Saxon newspaper . March 23, 2012.
- ^ Potschappel in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Zauckerode in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Birkigt in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Districts, districts. In: freital.de. City administration of Freital, archived from the original on June 30, 2002 ; accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ^ Burgk in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Coßmannsdorf in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Hainsberg in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ↑ Saalhausen in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Pesterwitz in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
- ^ Peter Hilbert, Domokos Szabó: City councilors do not want to go to Dresden . In: Saxon newspaper . November 11, 2006.
- ↑ Ines Mallek-Klein: Dorfhain flirts with Dresden . In: Saxon newspaper . January 18, 2012.
- ^ Religion. City administration Freital, accessed on November 9, 2018 .
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to reunification in 1990. State of Saxony, Dresden district, Freital district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Final result. In: Municipal council election 1999. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Eligible voters, voters, ballot papers, distribution of votes and seats in the election on June 13, 2004 in the municipality of Freital, Stadt; Weißeritzkreis. In: Local council election 2004. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Eligible voters, voters, ballot papers, distribution of votes and seats in the election on June 7, 2009 in the district town of Freital; District of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains. In: Municipal Council Election 2009. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on February 28, 2015 .
- ↑ Municipal elections 2014 - eligible voters and voters in the municipality of Freital, city - final results. In: Municipal Council Election 2014. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Municipal Council Election 2019 - Eligible voters and voters in the municipality of Freital, Stadt - Final results. In: wahlen.sachsen.de. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ^ Local councils . In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Eligible voters, voter participation and distribution of valid votes in the mayoral elections on June 7, 2015 in the Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains district. (PDF; 2 MB) Large district town of Freital. In: statistik.sachsen.de. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, p. 74 , accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ First Mayor. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Second Mayor. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ The Freital city arms. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Peter Szymaniak: Oberhausen politicians call for subsidies to be distributed according to need. In: derwesten.de. June 6, 2011, accessed July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Annual review 2001 (PDF; 0.5 MB) In: freital.de. Stadtverwaltung Freital, p. 1 , accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Stadtkulturhaus Freital. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ^ Ballrooms in Coßmannsdorf. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Freital theater. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Gunnar Klehm: Hot air for Windberg Arena Freital. In: saechsische.de. May 21, 2003, accessed July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Matthias Weigel: Windberg Arena gives way to technology park. In: saechsische.de. September 4, 2010, accessed July 4, 2020 .
- ^ Matthias Weigel: Signatures for the new Windbergarena. In: saechsische.de. April 1, 2014, accessed July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ a b Freital Municipal Collections. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Income House. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Saxon Memorials Foundation: Freital - Deuben Johannesfriedhof Wartburgstrasse
- ↑ a b Juliane Puls: Freital. On the way to the city . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2004, ISBN 3-89702-227-3 , p. 49 ff .
- ^ Tilman Günther: Three clubs found a new sports club. In: saechsische.de. June 8, 2020, accessed July 5, 2020 .
- ↑ Jürgen Schwarz: New major club draws on the full. In: saechsische.de. June 11, 2020, accessed July 5, 2020 .
- ↑ Freital wants to host the world championship in Tambourelli. In: jumpradio.de. Mitteldeutscher Rundfunk, September 24, 2019, accessed on July 5, 2020 .
- ↑ Annual review 2019 (PDF; 5.6 MB) In: freital.de. Stadtverwaltung Freital, p. 5 , accessed on July 5, 2020 .
- ↑ Annett Heyse: Freital should get a sports center. In: saechsische.de. June 30, 2020, accessed July 5, 2020 .
- ^ Siegfried Huth: Freital in old views . tape 3 . Freital, ISBN 978-90-288-6588-4 .
- ↑ Windberg Festival. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ In memory of Wilhelmine Reichard. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on September 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Windberg Festival in Freital with Kerstin Ott. In: radiodresden.de. Radio Dresden , September 5, 2019, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ^ Freital culture (all) days. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Freital Castle Advent. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Run into spring. In: hains.de. Retrieved July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Sparkassen-CrossDeLuxe in Freital near Dresden. In: crossdeluxe-freital.de. Xenio Marketing, accessed July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ seifenkiste-freital.de. Retrieved July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Honors & Awards. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on July 4, 2020 .
- ↑ Municipal statistics 2015 for Freital, Stadt. In: Regional data, municipal statistics, Saxony. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on October 3, 2016 .
- ↑ State Statistical Office: The Labor Market in the Free State of Saxony - Unemployed 2003 to 2008 by municipalities ( Memento from February 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 572 kB)
- ^ Municipal statistics Saxony 2009 for Freital
- ↑ Employees subject to social security contributions on June 30, 2011 (Excel file; 1.6 MB)
- ↑ Development of the economy on freital.de.
- ↑ Thomas Hoinka: Promotion of young talent and the development of skilled workers - experience report by BGH Edelstahl Freital GmbH ( Memento from February 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 55 kB)
- ↑ BGH Edelstahlwerke GmbH: Figures as of 2013 ( memento of July 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), figures 2016
- ↑ Information about the company on the Hainsberger Metallwerk website.
- ↑ Domokos Szabó: The Hainsberg paper mill is building a new power plant next year . In: Sächsische Zeitung, August 11, 2009.
- ↑ Matthias Weigel: Millions cannot be taken for granted . In: Sächsische Zeitung, January 19, 2011.
- ↑ Brief description on the Eder brickworks website ( Memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Matthias Weigel: Bombastus wants to grow healthily . In: Sächsische Zeitung, February 24, 2012.
- ^ The story of Pfennigpfeiffer on the company website.
- ↑ Ines Mallek-Klein: The dumpling maker . In: Sächsische Zeitung, January 28, 2012.
- ↑ Dieter Bock: The injection molding machine construction of the GDR / the historical development and its environment , Eibau 2004.
- ↑ Franz Herz: Dipps loses police leadership. In: sz-online.de. Sächsische Zeitung, June 5, 2015, accessed on December 9, 2015 .
- ↑ Municipal Societies. In: freital.de. City administration Freital, accessed on November 9, 2018 .
- ↑ Participation Report 2015
- ↑ Online version of the Freital regional edition
- ^ FRM website with regional news for Freital
- ↑ Matthias Weigel: This is how Freital wants to bring business into the city center . In: Sächsische Zeitung, February 25, 2012.
- ↑ Rental in the Weißeritz Park Freital. In: weisseritzpark.de. Archived from the original on October 3, 2016 ; accessed on October 3, 2016 .
- ↑ Matthias Weigel: Freital is losing overnight stays . In: Sächsische Zeitung, February 22, 2011.
- ↑ a b c d e f 2016 municipal statistics for Freital, city. In: Regional data, municipal statistics, Saxony. State Statistical Office of the Free State of Saxony, accessed on October 3, 2016 .
- ↑ Freital route network map with stops (PDF; 105 kB)
- ↑ Freital-Deuben crossing point on the website of the Verkehrsverbund Oberelbe ( Memento from February 12, 2013 in the web archive archive.today )
- ↑ Timetable of the S-Bahn line S3 (PDF; 51 kB)
- ↑ Historical information on the Weißeritztalbahn on the website of the Weißeritztalbahn interest group.
- ↑ Railway stations of the Weißeritztalbahn on the website of the Weißeritztalbahn interest group.
- ^ Matthias Weigel: Windbergbahner start rebuilding the line In: Sächsische Zeitung , June 14, 2011.
- ↑ Peter Kretzschmar: Wurgwitz 1206-2006: history and stories . Ed .: Kultur- und Sportbund Wurgwitz. Wurgwitz 2006.
- ↑ An overview of the history of Freital vocational training (4). In: bsz-freital.de. Vocational school center "Otto Lilienthal" Freital - Dippoldiswalde, archived from the original on July 23, 2012 ; accessed on August 17, 2015 .
- ↑ Festschrift for the 100th anniversary of the school building on Krönertstrasse . Weißeritzgymnasium Freital, 2007. p. 40.
- ^ Chronicle of the company Best-Sabel educational institution
Altenberg | Bad Gottleuba-Berggießhübel | Bad Schandau | Bahretal | Bannewitz | Dippoldiswalde | Dohma | Dohna | Village grove | Dürrröhrsdorf-Dittersbach | Freital | Glassworks | Gohrisch | Hartmannsdorf-Reichenau | Heidenau | Hermsdorf / Erzgeb. | Hohnstein | Klingenberg | Königstein (Saxon Switzerland) | Kreischa | Liebstadt | Wages | Müglitztal | Neustadt in Saxony | Pirna | Rabenau | Rathen | Rathmannsdorf | Reinhardtsdorf-Schöna | Rosenthal-Bielatal | Sebnitz | City of Wehlen | Stumble | Struppen | Tharandt | Wilsdruff
