Weißeritz

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Weißeritz (united)
The Weißeritz flows into the Elbe in Dresden

The Weißeritz flows into the Elbe in Dresden

Data
Water code DE : 53729 (United Weißeritz)
location Dresden region
River system Elbe
Drain over Elbe  → North Sea
origin Association of Roter and Wilder Weißeritz in Freital-Hainsberg
50 ° 58 ′ 54 ″  N , 13 ° 37 ′ 46 ″  E
Source height 183  m above sea level NN
muzzle in the Elbe in Dresden-Cotta Coordinates: 51 ° 3 '48 "  N , 13 ° 41' 12"  E 51 ° 3 '48 "  N , 13 ° 41' 12"  E
Mouth height 104  m above sea level NN
Height difference 79 m
Bottom slope 5.8 ‰
length 13.7 km
Left tributaries Wiederitz , Roßthaler Bach
Right tributaries Poisenbach , Vorholzbach , Burgker Bach
Big cities Dresden
Medium-sized cities Freital

The Weißeritz ( Sorbian Bystrica - "fast, wild water"), also: United Weißeritz called, is a 13.7 km long tributary of the Elbe in Saxony. Together with the longest source river “Wilde Weißeritz”, it is 61 km long.

River course

The Weißeritz arises near Freital-Hainsberg from the two source rivers Rote Weißeritz and Wilde Weißeritz . It flows on through the Döhlen basin in the local area of Freital and then enters the Plauenschen Grund . At the end of this narrow valley, the Weißeritz flows through the Dresden district of Cotta and flows into the Elbe from the left in the Elbe valley basin there .

history

The former confluence of the Weißeritz in the east of the Great Ostragehege

Around 1570, work on Dresden's fortifications led to the relocation of an earlier Weißeritz arm and its confluence with the Elbe. In the course of this work, the area of ​​the mouth of this Weißeritz arm disappeared at what was then Dresden Castle . The water drainage formed as a ditch then extended down the Elbe to a new estuary and in the area between the Small and Large Ostragehege towards a floodplain zone called "Wilde Weisseritz" by Cornelius Gurlitt . Gurlitt also describes the course known as Weißeritzmühlgraben as "Weisseritz" and refers to the work of Rochus zu Lynar . The alluvial cone of the Weißeritz is characterized by the gravel that characterizes it and runs on its right side under the Zwinger up to the palace complex and on its right edge extends into Friedrichstadt .

In the 19th century, the Weißeritz flowed into the Elbe just below the Dresden city center (roughly at the location of today's Marienbrücke ). For the recovery of land and as a preparation for the widening of the railway line between Dresden Hauptbahnhof and Dresden-Neustadt which was mouth Weißeritz laid. The last part of the lower reaches is a canal along the Emerich Ambros bank . Until 1937 the Weißeritzmühlgraben branched off considerable amounts of water on the border between Plauen and Löbtau .

Former mills

The Weißeritz flows into the Elbe near the Flügelweg Bridge in Dresden

Many mills no longer exist, some have been rebuilt and serve other purposes.

  • Mehnertmühle (Hainsberg)
  • Thode'sche paper factory in Hainsberg (originally using water power, but no mill)
  • Egermühle (Deuben)
  • Boehmert mill (Deuben)
  • Rote Mühle (Döhlen, demolished in 1937)
  • Winkelmühle (Döhlen)
  • Obermühle ( Potschappel , demolished in 2002)
  • Hofemühle (Potschappel)
  • Eisenhammer (Dölzschen), later König-Friedrich-August-Hütte (originally using water power, but no mill)
  • Powder mill (Coschütz)
  • Wheat mill (Coschütz), also known as a copper hammer, garrison mill or commissary mill
  • Neumühle (Dölzschen), later also called Braunesche Weizenmühle (after Hofbäcker Gottfried Braune) or König-Friedrich-August-Mühle
  • Old and New Königsmühle (Dölzschen, now converted into apartments)
  • Buschmühle (Coschütz), also Schweizer- or Grundmühle (demolished in 1857 when the Felsenkeller brewery was built )
  • Bienertmühle (Hofmühle Plauen)
  • Cloth fulling mill (Plauen, am Hofmühlengraben, last veneer cutting mill, demolished in 1898)
  • Fulling mill (Plauen, broken off in 1934)
  • Spiegelschleife (Plauen, last chocolate factory 1887–1945, demolished after destruction in 1945.)

Then the main inlet of the Weißeritzmühlgraben branched off to the northeast. There were other mills on this.

Flood in 2002

Weißeritz during the flood in Löbtau in August 2002

During the floods in 2002 , the Weißeritz in Dresden looked for its old river bed again through Weißeritzstraße and flooded the districts of Plauen , Löbtau , Friedrichstadt between the canal and the Elbe , the historic old town and the main train station.

Along the entire course of the Rote Weißeritz from Altenberg to Freital, on the Wilden Weißeritz in Tharandt and Freital and on the Vereinigte Weißeritz from Freital to Dresden, the floods caused great damage to houses, roads and rail systems. The Dresden – Chemnitz line , especially Tharandt and Dresden Central Station , and the Weißeritztalbahn were particularly affected .

As a consequence of the flood, the Weißeritz was rebuilt for comparable floods. For this purpose, various bridges were renewed and widened, the river cross-section enlarged and equipped with flood plains. The curve of the Weißeritz in Dresden-Löbtau will also be enlarged in order to facilitate the process into the Emerich-Ambros-Ufer. The bridge of the Weißeritztalbahn in Obercarsdorf can now be raised during high water. The Malter dam has not been completely filled since 2002 for flood protection. As a result of these measures, the 2013 flood caused only minor damage.

gallery

  • Weißeritztalbrücke , Plauenscher Grund ( BAB 17 )

  • Area flooded by the Weißeritz (2002)

  • Weir immediately in front of the mouth when the water level is normal

  • The Weißeritz flows into the Elbe at a water level of 86 cm

See also

literature

  • Between Müglitz and Weißeritz (= values ​​of the German homeland . Volume 8). 1st edition. Akademie Verlag, Berlin 1964.
  • Hydrological manual. (PDF; 115 kB) Part 2 - Area Codes. Free State of Saxony - State Office for Environment and Geology, p. 5 , accessed on December 25, 2017 .
  • Eberhard Gürtler: Barrages - mill ditches. Eyewitnesses long past. Freital 2006 ( digitized version )
  • Wolfgang Thomas, Reimar Börnicke: Along the Weißeritz . Bildverlag Böttger, Witzschdorf 2007. ISBN 978-3-937496-18-4 .

Web links

Commons : Weißeritz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Weisseritz water profile (PDF; 3.1 MB)
  2. ↑ Cornelius Gurlitt : Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. City of Dresden . Volume 2, Dresden (Meinhold & Sons) 1901, p. 315, 327–328
  3. ↑ Plan of the village of Ostra in 1568. In: Otto Richter: Atlas zur Geschichte Dresdens . Dresden 1898
  4. ↑ Wolfgang Alexowsky: Geological map of Saxony 1:25 000. Sheet 4948 Dresden . Freiberg 2001, signature 10.
  5. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/796102
  6. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/794990
  7. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/774580
  8. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/772062
  9. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/733692
  10. ↑ Peter Weckbrodt: Living in a former wheat mill, in DNN No. 20 of January 24, 2017, p. 12
  11. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/734022
  12. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/730253
  13. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/730012
  14. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/714803
  15. ↑ http://skd-online-collection.skd.museum/Details/Index/689858