Bystritza
Bystritza is a common body of water , field and place name in East Central Europe , Eastern and Southeastern Europe .
Origin of name
The name comes from the proto Slavic root * -bistr (бистър), which means as clear , bright and transparent . Other explanations bring the name with - well transferred - translations such as a brook flowing on stone ground or a hasty, fast watercourse . In Czech, for example, the term means something like torrent as a noun , and as an adjective it can figuratively stand for mental clarity , i.e. for a bright head or a quick thinker.
distribution
Slavic language area
Initially, it was a river name that is mainly used in formerly or until today Slavic mountain regions, u. a. in the Carpathian Arc , in the Dinaric and Balkan Mountains , in the Alps , the eastern German low mountain ranges and in the Rhodope Mountains . Bystritza later became a place and field name and now comes in many different variations:
- Czech : Bystřice , diminutive: Bystřička
- Slovak : Bystrica , diminutive: Bystrička , Vydrica
- Polish : Bystrzyca
- Slovenian , Croatian , Serbian , Macedonian : Bistrica (Бистрица)
- Bulgarian : Bistriza (Бистрица)
- Ukrainian : Bystryzja (Бистриця)
- Russian : Bystriza (Быстрица) or less often Bystrizja (Быстриця)
Other language areas
The name also occurs in formerly Slavic areas, which are now spoken in another language, in a form adapted to the respective national language:
Non-Slavic language area of Southeast Europe
German language area
The German linguistic designations and spellings depend on the different languages of origin ( West , South Slavic ), the regional dialects ( Upper Saxon , Silesian , Bavarian ) as well as the degree and time of Germanization (see Bistritz and Bistrzitz ).
- Bistritz (more rarely also: Bistritza ), as the most general and most common German “translation”, various rivers and cities are mentioned, especially in south-eastern Europe and in the interior of the Czech Republic .
- The Wistritz and the Weißeritz exist in the Saxon-Bohemian Ore Mountains .
- Weistritz is the typical name in Silesia in the Sudetes .
- Weidritz is a rare derived form in western Slovakia.
- The common name Feistritz comes from Slovenian and is found almost exclusively in south-east Austria .
- Also in Austria is the Pasterze , a glacier.
- In the Upper Palatinate Forest , the warm and the cold Pastritz flow, there is also a Pastritz in Saxony.
See also
literature
- Udolph, Jürgen: Studies on Slavic water names and water names. A contribution to the question of the original home of the Slavs. Heidelberg 1979.