Pasterze
| Pasterze | ||
|---|---|---|
 Pasterze from the southeast, from Kaiser-Franz-Josefs-Höhe , in the center of the Johannisberg on August 10, 2020 |
||
| location | Carinthia ( Austria ) | |
| Mountains | Hohe Tauern , Glockner group | |
| Type | Valley glacier | |
| length | 8.3 km (2006) | |
| surface | 17.3 km² (2006) | |
| Exposure | Southeast | |
| Altitude range | 3450 m - 2100 m | |
| Ice thickness | Max. 180 m (1987) | |
| Ice volume | 1.7 km³ (2006) | |
| Coordinates | 47 ° 5 '8 " N , 12 ° 43' 24" E | |
|
||
| drainage | Margaritze reservoir | |
The Pasterze is just over 8 km of the largest glacier in Austria and the longest in the Eastern Alps . It is located at the foot of the Großglockner in the uppermost valley floor of the Mölltal (Pasterzenboden) and is the headwaters of the Möll . Since 1856, its area has decreased by almost half from then 30 km². As with the vast majority of Austrian glaciers, their length has been declining for several years, in the last few years in the order of fifty meters per year. In 2014/15 the decrease was 54.4 m.
Location and landscape
The highest point is 3453 m above sea level. A. high Johannisberg . There is the uppermost Pasterzenboden , the nutrient area of the glacier, which merges down into the valley over the horseshoe break into the actual Pasterzen glacier . The lower point is at about 2100 m above sea level. A. The tongue ends a few hundred meters before the Sandersee . The water of the Pasterze feeds the Margaritze reservoir , which is located below the Glocknerhaus .
From the Franz-Josefs-Höhe on the Großglockner High Alpine Road , a funicular railway leads down to the point where the glacier edge was at the time the railway went into operation (1963). In the meantime, the Pasterze below the valley station has melted so far that a staircase around 300 meters long leads from there to the glacier tongue. The glacier also loses 10 meters in thickness every year, which means that the hiking trail from the glacier railway to the Pasterze is continuously lengthened.
In the Pasterze area you will find the mountain peaks Großer, Mitteler and Kleiner Burgstaller, Spielmann , Racherin and Johanniskopf. These names are associated with a legend about the origin of the Pasterze, according to which a village is said to have been petrified due to the atrocities of its inhabitants.
glaciology
_2.jpg)
Finds of wood and peat released by the glacier in the years 2009 to 2010 suggest that between 5000 and 1500 BC. Chr. Bog vegetation and pasture land was located in what is now Pasterze. An analysis by the University of Innsbruck was able to detect pollen from grasses and gentian. Coprophilic fungi ( dung fungi ) prove that pastures were used for livestock. A piece of wood that was examined by the University of Graz belongs to a stone pine with 200 annual rings that was able to grow there 7000 years ago (in the post-glacial warm phase).
Surname
The name Pasterze refers to an area that is suitable for pasture . (Compare Latin pastor as well as Slovenian pastir "the shepherd" and Slovenian pastirica "the shepherdess" or "something belonging to the shepherd") Until at least the 19th century it was used as a toponym for a larger area used for alpine farming in the valley head of the upper Möll . Relations to the Hungarian-Slavic river name Beszterce (the wild brook) can not yet be proven etymologically .
literature
- Gerhard Lieb , Heinz Slupetzky ; Hohe Tauern National Park , Oesterreichischer Alpenverein (Ed.): The Pasterze. The glacier on the Grossglockner. Verlag Anton Pustet, Salzburg 2011, ISBN 978-3702506520 .
Historical:
- Helmut Friedel: The vegetation around the Pasterze (Grossglockner): State of the area from the summer of 1934. Cartography and printing Freylag-Berndt u. Artaria, Vienna 1953.
Web links
- Institute for Geography and Spatial Research - University of Graz: Glacier measurements on the Pasterze
- Photo documentation on Glaciers online
- Information about the glacier lift
- Pasterze releases 6,000 year old tree
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c University of Graz, Institute for Geography and Spatial Research: Die Pasterze. Retrieved September 1, 2017
- ^ University of Vienna, Central Institute for Meteorology and Geodynamics: Seismic ice thickness measurements of Austrian glaciers. In: Archive for deposit research of the Federal Geological Institute. Vienna 1987, Volume 8, p. 27f ( online ; PDF file; 320 kB)
- ↑ glacier report of the PES , February 2016
- ↑ The formation of the Pasterzen glacier . In: mein district.at . ( mein district.at [accessed on November 17, 2018]).
- ↑ What did the Pasterze look like at the foot of the Großglockner around 7000 years ago? ( Memento from May 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Hohe Tauern National Park, accessed on July 2, 2013
- ↑ Schwäbischer Alpenverein ( Memento of the original from November 28, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 4.6 MB)
- ↑ Measurement results. Retrieved November 17, 2018 .
