German Social Union

This article refers to the German Social Union founded in 1990; For the German Social Union party, which existed from 1956 to 1962, see: German Social Union .

German Social Union
Party leader	Roberto Rink
vice-chairman	Gert Zetzsche (1st deputy), Joachim Fischer (2nd deputy)
Federal Treasurer	Ursula Eisert
Honorary Chairman	Alexander von Waldow
founding	January 20, 1990
Place of foundation	Leipzig
Headquarters	Federal Office Dorfstrasse 43 08233 Treuen
Alignment	Right- wing conservatism Right- wing populism National liberalism
Colours)	blue and green
Bundestag seats	no
Seats in state parliaments	no
Government grants	no
Number of members	approx. 1060 (2007)
Minimum age	16 years
Website	dsu-deutschland.de

The German Social Union (short name: DSU ) is a right-wing conservative small party in Germany . In the turn of time 1989/1990 she was a part of the electoral alliance Alliance for Germany at the last GDR government involved. At the end of the 1990s, the party moved closer to the right-wing populist spectrum. Since the mid-1990s, it has only achieved results of less than 1% in national elections.

Content profile

In its current program, adopted in 2006, the party describes itself as a "national, conservative and social force" and its basic principles as "citizen-oriented, value conservative, Christian-occidental, free, value-oriented and patriotic".

According to its own statements, the DSU is committed to respecting and protecting the dignity of every person, equal rights for men and women and the protection of unborn life in particular.

The party strives for a high degree of individual freedom , which is why it calls for a reduction in bureaucracy and, in general, “less state, more freedom”. The principle of personal responsibility and subsidiarity in society is to be strengthened, and “motivation and initiative” recognized and promoted. The DSU is convinced that property secures “the freedom of the individual for an individual and responsible way of life.” The DSU advocates a far-reaching right to freedom of expression and information.

The party calls for reparation for the injustice committed in the GDR and opposes a lack of " anti-communist steadfastness", while advocating the principle of defensive democracy .

In its party program, the party speaks out against “unregulated immigration ” to Germany and rejects a general right to vote for foreigners, since in their opinion such a right is incompatible with the Basic Law .

In terms of foreign policy, the DSU is committed to Germany’s transatlantic partnership and the country’s membership in NATO . She advocates worldwide nuclear disarmament and the exclusive use of the Bundeswehr for defense. She advocates compulsory military service , but also emphasizes the respect for the refusal of the same, for which a substitute service should be performed. The party is committed to “building a peaceful, economically strong and stable Europe” in accordance with its principles, but is skeptical of the current state of the European Union . It is striving for a "Europe of Fatherlands" as an alliance of sovereign nation states, but further transfer of powers to supranational institutions is rejected and a return to national currencies instead of the euro is called for.

structure

Federal Executive

Chairman	Roberto Rink
vice-chairman	Gert Zetzsche (1st deputy), Joachim Fischer (2nd deputy)
Treasurer	Ursula Eisert
Deputy Treasurer	Wolfgang Diener
Federal Secretary	Joachim Nothdurft
Deputy Federal Secretary	Claudia Hennebach
Assessor	Peter Berauer, Matthias Brecht, Roland Diesener, Ulrich Gruschwitz, Karl-Heinz Gundlach, Holger Schuhmann

Regional associations

State associations of the DSU exist in Brandenburg , Saxony , Saxony-Anhalt and Baden-Württemberg . With around 60 members, the Saxon regional association has the largest number of members. The state chairman in Saxony is Joachim Fischer. The state chairman in Baden-Württemberg is the deputy federal chairman Alexander Schonath . When the DSU was founded on January 20, 1990 in Leipzig, a Berlin regional association was also founded, the 1st chairman of which was Stefan Sabottka. He was also a co-founder of the DSU.

	Regional association	Chairman	Establishment date	Number of members	Result of the last election of the state parliament	Result of the 2017 federal election	Result of the 2014 European elections
	Baden-Württemberg	Alexander Schonath	2010	not specified (as of 2014)	n / A	n / A	n / A
	Saxony	Joachim Fischer	1990	110 (as of 2014)	n. D. ( 2019 )	n / A	n / A
	Saxony-Anhalt	NN	1990	no information	na ( 2016 )	n / A	n / A
	Thuringia	Karl-Heinz Gundlach	1990	no information	na ( 2014 )	n / A	n / A
Legend well - not started n. D. - only started with direct candidates

In the 1990s, the youth association of the DSU was the Junge Soziale Union, whose organizational focus was the Free State of Saxony .

history

DSU election results
choice	%
Volkskammer election 1990	6.3%
Bundestag election 1990	0.2%
Saxony 1990	3.6%
Saxony-Anhalt 1990	1.7%
Thuringia 1990	3.3%
Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1990	0.8%
Brandenburg 1990	1.0%
Berlin 1990	0.2%
Saxony 1994	0.6%
Saxony-Anhalt 1994	0.2%
Thuringia 1994	0.2%
Brandenburg 1994	0.2%
European elections in 1994	0.2%
Saxony 1999	0.4%
Thuringia 1999	0.2%
Saxony 2004	0.5%
Saxony-Anhalt 2006	0.3%
Saxony 2009	0.2%
Saxony 2014	0.2%

Foundation and first years

The party was founded in the GDR on January 20, 1990 in Leipzig in the Goldene Krone inn . The founding groups included twelve Christian, liberal and bourgeois-conservative opposition groups. These were the CSPD (Christian Social Party of Germany), to which the first DSU chairman Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling belonged, forum party , progressive people's party , CSU / DSU , Free Democratic Union , Social Civil Union , German Freedom Union , United Union of Saxony , CDSU , Germans Peace Union , Thuringian Peace Union and Thuringian Forum Party . With the choice of name one already indicated the desired political proximity to the Bavarian CSU .

Alliance for Germany rally

For the Volkskammer election on March 18, 1990 , she joined the CDU and the Democratic Awakening (DA) in the Alliance for Germany , which won the election. The DSU achieved 6.3% and 25 seats and formed its own parliamentary group after the election . There was a clear south-north divide: In the districts of Karl-Marx-Stadt (14.8%), Dresden (13.8%) and Leipzig (10.1%), the DSU achieved double-digit results, and also scored above average in the districts of Suhl and Erfurt . In contrast, in the northern districts in particular, it only achieved between 2% and 3% of the vote. The top candidate of the DSU for the Volkskammer election was the then deputy party chairman Hansjoachim Walther , who then became the DSU parliamentary group leader in the Volkskammer.

Signing of the coalition agreements between the parliamentary groups of the CDU, the DSU, the DA, the Liberals (FDP, BFD, FDP) and the SPD

Peter-Michael Diestel (1990), Deputy Prime Minister and Interior Minister of the last GDR government

After the election, the party took part in the last GDR government . With Peter-Michael Diestel she provided the deputy prime minister and interior minister of the last GDR government . Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling became Minister for Economic Cooperation. Both ministers resigned from the DSU on June 30, 1990, so that the DSU was no longer represented in the GDR Council of Ministers . By the time the Volkskammer was dissolved, the DSU parliamentary group shrank by a total of 3 seats to 22.

In the People's Chamber, the DSU regularly applied for immediate accession to the scope of the Basic Law.

At the end of the 11th legislature , the DSU presented from 3 October 1990 with the People's Chamber deputies Stefan Gottschall , Jürgen Haschke , Sabine Landgraf , Thomas Schmidt , Joachim Schmiele , Andreas Steiner , Frank Tiesler and Hans Joachim Walther eight members of the German Bundestag , all located joined the Union faction.

After German reunification

The CSU politician Peter Gauweiler had, among other things, put forward the idea of ​​expanding the CSU with the help of an offshoot in the GDR. The idea of ​​such a fourth party outside Bavaria, already propagated by Franz Josef Strauss, played a role in this . The CSU gave the DSU massive support, while the CDU had turned to the Alliance for Germany .

A prominent advisor to the DSU was the ZDF television presenter and journalist Gerhard Löwenthal . He wrote large parts of the program for the upcoming election campaign for the first all-German Bundestag . In addition, he advised the DSU board on contract negotiations with the CDU in advance of the establishment of the later victorious alliance for Germany . He wanted to build a conservative regional party modeled on the CSU .

After the overwhelming victory of the alliance, however , Helmut Kohl urged the CSU to break off its commitment to the DSU. In the course of 1990 the party broke away from the alliance and was subsequently confronted with a loss of importance. Prominent members like Peter-Michael Diestel , who was criticized within the party, joined the CDU.

In the state elections in the new federal states on October 14, 1990, the DSU did not make it into the state parliament in any state. In their strongholds of Saxony and Thuringia it reached 3.6% and 3.3%, respectively, in the other countries it remained below 2%.

After the GDR joined the Federal Republic under pressure from the CSU, Hansjoachim Walther became Minister in the Kohl cabinet . The CSU chairman Theo Waigel was elected honorary chairman of the DSU in 1990. Waigel resigned the honorary chairmanship in 1993 after breaking with the DSU.

Theo Waigel (1990), former DSU honorary chairman

In the federal election on December 2, 1990, the DSU received only 1.0% of the votes in the eastern electoral area (nationwide: 0.2%). Before the election, the DSU and Theo Waigel made efforts to support the candidacy of DSU applicants in at least three constituencies in order to enable the DSU to enter the Bundestag, which was rejected by the then CDU federal chairman, Kohl. In the following federal elections, the DSU no longer ran with any state lists. In 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2005 the party put up direct candidates who, however, could not win a mandate.

After 1990 the DSU only achieved electoral successes at the municipal level, especially in the Free State of Saxony. The best state election result of the DSU after 1990 was the state election in Saxony in 1994 with 0.6%. In addition, many DSU members converted to the Republicans or the CDU.

Party leader since 1993 is Roberto Rink , a haulage company from the Vogtland Treuen , who is a member of the city council there.

In the years that followed, internal disputes and organizational difficulties as well as political pressure from the CDU resulted in a drop in membership. DER SPIEGEL reported on the "wear and tear of personnel, intrigues, splits and emigration" that led to the decline in membership, and quoted an anonymous CSU critic who called the party a "mess".

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, many members left the party and migrated to the FDP, the CDU, or electoral communities. Especially in the federal states with a communal five percent hurdle such as B. Thuringia, many mandate holders later ran on lists of other parties, including the former federal chairman Hansjoachim Walther and the former Thuringian minister of education, Jens Goebel , who both joined the CDU .

Development since 1995

Alliances with small parties

In 1998 the DSU wanted to enter into a list connection with the Republicans party for the state election in Saxony-Anhalt , but this failed for legal reasons. In Dresden she formed a parliamentary group in the local city council for ten years until 2004 together with the FDP and increasingly accepted its program, as it was no longer noticed and also lost many voters to the Free Voters , FDP and CDU.

At the end of the nineties, efforts were made in the DSU to merge with the now-defunct Federation of Free Citizens (BFB) and the German Party , from which the DSU soon moved away.

Problems in the Schill Era

With the rise of the Rule of Law Offensive Party (PRO, Schill Party for short ), a pull on the small party scene emerged. After the success of the Schill party in Hamburg in 2001, the majority of the "German Mittelstandspartei", parts of the work for Bremen and Bremerhaven and the Statt party switched to Schill. The DSU initially offered a cooperation as a party that ignored the Schill party. Instead, it specifically recruited elected officials from Saxony-Anhalt and Brandenburg. An example is the case of the DSU council group in Senftenberg , which joined the Schill party. After the narrowly failed state election in Saxony-Anhalt in 2002 (4.5%), the state election in 2003 in Bremen (4.8% in Bremerhaven) and the total slump in the federal election, the Schill party broke up and lost its parliamentary group in Hamburg. In addition to numerous spin-offs, the rest of the Schill party, renamed Offensive D, increasingly cooperated again with the DSU, while many former members turned back to the DSU.

Rejection of cooperation with the NPD

In November 2004, the DSU agreed with the Republicans and the German Party to work together to differentiate between the NPD and DVU . This failed, however, because the German party removed its chairman Heiner Kappel a short time later and sought an alliance with the NPD.

From 2004 the NPD tried to integrate the DSU into a “national popular front”. The participation of the DSU federal chairman Roberto Rink in early January 2005 at a New Year's reception of the Saxon NPD parliamentary group met with criticism in his own party. They see the NPD as a party of the “brown socialists” close to communists. The DSU rejected a collaboration with the NPD.

Alliance efforts

April 2005 agreed the party cooperation with the Freedom Party of Germany and the offensive D . Two of the three MPs in Saxony who turned away from the NPD out of disappointment over the National Socialist course initially joined the alliance partner, the Freedom Party.

For the state elections in Saxony-Anhalt on March 26, 2006, the DSU joined forces with Offensive D and the Statt Party to form a list under the name Alliance Offensive for Saxony-Anhalt (Offensive D - Statt Party - DSU) . The joint list, which is based on a particular detail of the electoral law in Saxony-Anhalt, achieved only insignificant success.

At the beginning of October 2006, the DSU state chairman, Karl-Heinz Obser, called on people and groups from the “liberal scene” to form an electoral alliance “Alliance for Saxony”, the core of which was to be the DSU.

Further development

In the course of the efforts to create an "Alliance for Saxony" and the first successes, there were further accessions. In November 2006, a group around the former head of the Görlitzer NPD Jürgen Krumpholz joined the DSU out of disappointment with the corruption and extremism of their former party, which enabled the Görlitz district association to be founded together with city councilor Jens Hasse.

From October 3, 2006 to 2007, the DSU was a member of the “Alliance of Democratic Parties and Organizations” founded in Leipzig, to which 15 smaller parties belonged at that time. The DSU left this alliance because it opened too far to the left.

Also in October 2006, the former Saxon NPD member of the state parliament, Klaus Baier , joined the party after an interlude in the moderately nationalist Freedom Party of Germany . The DSU was the first time since the turn time again represented in a national parliament. According to party information, the pact and the prominent accession triggered a number of party memberships, so that the number of members rose for the first time in years. In the state elections in Saxony in 2009 this was unsuccessful, the DSU's share of the vote fell from 0.5% in 2004 to 0.2%.

The DSU did not run for the 2009 Bundestag election .

Henry Nitzsche (2008) as a non-attached member of the Bundestag

On the occasion of the founding of the Citizens' Movement pro Saxony under the chairmanship of the former member of the Bundestag Henry Nitzsche on February 5, 2011, Roberto Rink declared his party's participation in the new collection movement in Kamenz . The aim is to form a new party that should run for the state elections in Saxony in 2014 . Roberto Rink was elected one of the coalition's deputy chairs. A joint election did not come about. In the state elections on August 31, 2014, the DSU, like the alliance for Germany , only received 0.2% of the vote.

The number of members for 2007 of approx. 1000 should no longer correspond to the current state of the party. In 2014, the Saxon state association was the strongest of four state associations of the DSU with around 100 members.

Municipal mandates

After the municipal elections in Saxony in 2019 , the DSU will have MPs in the following municipalities:

• Coswig (Saxony) : 1 council member
• Faithful : 3 councilors
• Vogtlandkreis : 1 district council member

Federal Chairperson

Since it was founded, the federal party has headed a total of four party leaders. However, all former federal chairmen resigned from the party after their term of office. Ebeling and Walther switched to the CDU, while Keller is now independent.

Surname		Beginning of the term of office	Term expires
	Hans-Wilhelm Ebeling	January 20th / 18th February 1990	May 1990
	Hansjoachim Walther	May 1990	June 1991
	Reinhard Keller	June 1991	April 1993
	Roberto Rink	1993	officiating

literature

• Ulrich Brümmer: Party system and elections in Saxony. Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2006, ISBN 3-531-14835-4 .
• Wolfgang Jäger, Michael Walter: The Alliance for Germany: CDU, Democratic Awakening and German Social Union 1989/1990. Böhlau, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-412-13197-0 .
• Andreas Schulze: German Social Union (DSU). In: Frank Decker ; Viola Neu (Hrsg.): Handbook of the German political parties. Federal Agency for Political Education, Bonn 2007, ISBN 978-3-89331-794-3 , pp. 248–250.
• Volkmar Weiss : The role of the German Social Union (DSU), founded in Leipzig in 1990, in the unification of Germany. In: Hartmut Zwahr , Uwe Schirmer , Henning Steinführer (eds.): Leipzig, Central Germany and Europe. Festive gift for Manfred Straube and Manfred Unger on their 70th birthday. Sax, Beucha 2000, pp. 245-253.

Web links

Commons : Deutsche Soziale Union  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• Federal Party's website
• Website of the Baden-Württemberg regional association

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} https://www.bundeswahlleiter.de/dam/jcr/0a903290-d6f9-427a-87a9-c0d201b68823/dsu.pdf (as of December 28, 2018)
2. ^ Article in Junge Freiheit from June 10, 2005
3. ↑ Imprint of the DSU website ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
4. ^ Annual report at the federal party conference in 2007
5. ↑ ^{a b c} DSU basic program of November 2006 ( Memento of February 13, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 49 kB)
6. ↑ On the suspension of conscription. ( Memento of the original from May 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Press release of the Federal Board of the German Social Union on dsu-deutschland.de  
7. ↑ State associations of the DSU ( Memento of the original from May 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
8. ↑ DSU Baden-Württemberg ( Memento of the original from September 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
9. ↑ Election results at www.wahlrecht.de
10. ↑ OVERVIEW OF THE ELECTIONS SINCE 1946 on wahl.tagesschau.de. (Old versions: Landtag elections and Federal Council - stat.tagesschau.de ( Memento from August 5, 2012 in the Internet Archive ))
11. ↑ Junge Soziale Union ( Memento of the original from May 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
12. ^ Official final result of the elections for the 10th People's Chamber on March 18, 1990
13. ↑ Election to the 12th German Bundestag on December 2, 1990 on bundeswahlleiter.de ( Memento of the original from October 11, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
14. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Results of the state elections in Saxony
15. ↑ ^{a b c} Results of the state elections in Saxony-Anhalt
16. ↑ ^{a b} Results of the state elections in Thuringia
17. ^ Results of the state elections in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in 1990
18. ↑ Results of the state elections in Brandenburg in 1990 (PDF; 14 kB)
19. ↑ Results of the election for the Berlin House of Representatives in 1990 at tagesschau.de ( Memento of the original from February 8, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
20. ↑ Results of the state election in Brandenburg in 1994 at tagesschau.de  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
21. ↑ Results of the 1994 European elections in Germany ( Memento of the original from August 8, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  
22. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics: State election 1999 in Thuringia - final result
23. ↑ State election in Saxony-Anhalt 2006 at tagesschau.de ( Memento of the original from January 31, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Result of the alliance between the DSU and Offensive D  
24. ↑ Results of the state elections in Saxony in 2009 ( memento of the original from March 26, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 37 kB)  
25. ↑ Volkmar Weiss: The role of the German Social Union (DSU) in the unification of Germany.
26. ↑ CSU / DSU: Great team . In: Der Spiegel . No. 9 , 1990, pp. 77-80 ( Online - Feb. 26, 1990 ).
27. ↑ Michael Richter: The Peaceful Revolution - Departure for Democracy in Saxony 1989/90. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2010, p. 1235 (restricted preview)
28. ^ German Social Union (DSU) - information on the homepage of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation
29. ↑ 1989–1990 Wende-Zeiten - New Parties, German Broadcasting Archive
30. ↑ DSU wants to sue the Stasi. to: archiv.preussische-allgemeine.de (PDF; 13.30 MB)
31. ↑ In the fresh tradition of autumn 1989 (PDF; 308 kB)
32. ↑ ^{a b} CSU / DSU Great team . In: Der Spiegel . tape 9 , February 26, 1990 ( spiegel.de [accessed January 26, 2016]).
33. ↑ Digitization and online placement of the holdings DA 1 Volkskammer der GDR, part 10th electoral period ( memento of the original from March 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
34. ↑ There may be blood flowing . In: Der Spiegel . No. 23 , 1990, pp. 26 ( online - 4 June 1990 ).
35. ↑ Waigel, Theo. on the website of the Konrad Adenauer Foundation
36. ↑ Two months in the federal government. In: Berliner Morgenpost.
37. ↑ Advancing contrition . In: Der Spiegel . No. 45 , 1990, pp. 56-59 ( online - November 5, 1990 ).
38. ↑ Kay Müller: Difficult power relations: the CSU after Strauss. 1st edition. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2004, ISBN 3-531-14229-1 , p. 110, online = limited preview in the Google book search
39. ↑ Reps court DSU . In: Der Spiegel . No. 9 , 1991, pp. 17 ( Online - Feb. 25, 1991 ).
40. ↑ “Things are different over there”. Spiegel interview with CSU boss Theo Waigel about the state of the DSU and all-German elections . In: Der Spiegel . No. 28 , 1990, pp. 29-31 ( online - 9 July 1990 ).
41. ↑ "I hope in young people". Spiegel interview with the new DSU federal chairman Roberto Rink . In: Der Spiegel . No. 18 , 1993, p. 22 ( Online - May 3, 1993 ).
42. ↑ We will cut the CDU in half . In: Der Spiegel . No. 45 , 1992, pp. 28-29 ( online - 2 November 1992 ).
43. ↑ NPD wants to enlarge “national popular front” , article on sueddeutsche.de
44. ^ Robert Scholz: State election of Saxony: 16 parties admitted - competition also for the NPD.  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. on: endstation-rechts.de , July 3, 2009, accessed on July 15, 2010.  
45. ^ DSU - German Social Union. at: ddr89.de , accessed on July 17, 2010.
46. ↑ Holger Witzel : Ex-NPD MPs: Mr. Schön's search for seriousness. In: star .de , 25 January 2006 called on July 15 of 2010.
47. ^ Website of the citizen movement pro Saxony
48. ↑ http://www.bpb.de/politik/wahlen/wer-haben-zur-wahl/sachsen-2014/188211/dsu
49. ^ Peter Förster, Günter Roski: GDR between turning point and election. 1st edition. LinksDruck Verlag, Berlin 1990, ISBN 3-86153-011-2 , p. 191, online = limited preview in the Google book search
50. ↑ Stadtarchiv Leipzig - Chronik 1990  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 229 kB)  
51. ↑ Michael Richter: The Peaceful Revolution: Departure to Democracy in Saxony 1989–1990, Volume 2. Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 2009, 2010, ISBN 978-3-525-36914-2 , p. 1235, online = limited preview in the Google book search
52. ↑ Between NPD and Nitzsche , article of the state working group on anti-fascist and anti-racist politics of LINKEN Saxony ( memento of the original from March 31, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.