Communist Party Saar

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The Communist Party, Landesverband Saar (short names: KP, also KPS ) was a communist party in Saarland that existed from 1946 to 1957.

history

founding

Together with the CVP and the SPS , the KPS was one of the first parties whose establishment the French military government in the occupied Saarland approved by decree of December 13, 1945. The party was constituted - initially under the name of the Communist Party, Saar-Nahe District  - on January 10, 1946. Friedrich Nickolay (1909–1953) became the first party chairman .

Positions and election results

Until 1955, the KPS was the only party authorized in Saarland to oppose an annexation to France and for a return to Germany. She represented the ideological positions of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD). In later years she completely subordinated herself to the KPD; so she followed their instructions and discussed political actions with her in advance.

From 1947 the party was represented with two seats in the newly founded state parliament of Saarland , but lost its parliamentary group status again in 1948 after Karl Hoppe had left the parliamentary group. When she entered parliament with four members in the second election in 1952 , the strength of the parliamentary group was increased to five with the votes of the CVP and SPS. After the pro-German parties were approved in the run-up to the third state election, it achieved its worst result in 1955.

The KPS also competed at the municipal level and was able to secure mandates. For example, in March 1949, she provided 216 of the 4,936 municipal councilors in the municipal council elections; in the mayoral elections in April 1949 three of the 156 elected mayors belonged to the KPS.

Prohibition

After the Saarland joined the Federal Republic of Germany , the Federal Constitutional Court classified the KPS in March 1957 as a substitute organization for the KPD, which has since been banned . On April 9, 1957, the party was finally banned by the Saarland Interior Minister. The party's offices were closed, files confiscated, and the party's newspaper Neue Zeit was discontinued.

In an electoral review procedure , the Saarland state parliament presented on 17./18. July 1959 established that the two remaining mandates of the former KPS MPs Fritz Bäsel and Erich Walch ceased to exist without replacement, but both were able to exercise their rights as members of the state parliament until the end of the electoral term in December 1960 due to a temporary order by the Saarland Constitutional Court . In the main , the method 1961 set.

State election results

literature

  • Winfried Becker: The development of the political parties in Saarland from 1945 to 1955 according to French sources. In: Rainer Hudemann , Raymond Poidevin (Ed.): The Saar 1945–1955. A problem in European history. Oldenbourg, Munich 1992. pp. 253-296. ISBN 3-486-55914-1 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. Becker, p. 293.
  2. Claude Michael Jung: "The Saarland Landtag will keep him an honorable memory." On the death of the communist Landtag member Erich Walch. In: Berliner Umschau. March 14, 2008.
  3. Becker, p. 257.
  4. Federal Constitutional Court, decision of March 21, 1957, BVerfGE 6, 300. Online at the Council of Europe , accessed on July 12, 2019.
  5. Federal Constitutional Court, decision of October 10, 1961, Az. 2 BvN 1/60, BVerfGE 13, 165.
  6. ^ Constitutional Court of the Saarland, decision of December 12, 1961, Az. Lv 5/59. ( Memento from January 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive )