State Parliament of the Saarland

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State Parliament of the Saarland
logo Parliament building in Saarbrücken
logo Parliament building in Saarbrücken
Basic data
Seat: Saarbrücken
Legislative period : five years
First session: October 14, 1947
MPs: 51
Current legislative period
Last choice: March 26, 2017
Next choice: probably 2022
Chair: State Parliament President Stephan Toscani (CDU)
     
Distribution of seats:
  • CDU 24
  • SPD 17th
  • The left 6
  • AfD 2
  • Non-attached 2
  • Website
    www.landtag-saar.de

    The Saarland Landtag is the Saarland state parliament with its seat in the state capital Saarbrücken .

    history

    After the First World War , the Saar area was separated from the German Empire . Between 1920 and 1935, the state council existed as a representative body and thus as the predecessor of the Saarland state parliament. During the time of National Socialism , there was no representation of the people in Saarland. After the German defeat in World War II , Saarland became a French protectorate . On May 23, 1947, a 20-person constitutional commission was set up. This commission was in the tradition of the Appointed Diets of the other German states . A constituent assembly was elected on October 5, 1947 . After the adoption of the Saarland constitution, this took on the role of the first state parliament.

    The state parliament of Saarland meets in the building built in 1865/1866 for the Saarbrücken casino company in today's Franz-Josef-Röder-Straße. The building was constructed by the architect Julius Carl Raschdorff , who among other things also built the Berlin Cathedral .

    Distribution of seats in the state parliament since 1947

    election day Seats Seats after parties List of members
    CDU SPD THE LEFT AfD PIRATES GREEN FDP / DPS CVP / SVP 1 DDU PLC KPS
    October 5, 1947 50 - - - - - - 3 28 - 17th 2 1st state parliament
    November 30, 1952 50 - - - - - - - 29 - 17th 4th 2nd state parliament
    18th December 1955 50 14th 7th - - - - 12 2 13 2 - 2 2 3rd state parliament
    4th December 1960 50 19th 16 - - - - 7th 6th 2 - - 4th state parliament
    June 27, 1965 50 23 21st - - - - 4th 2 - - - 5th state parliament
    June 14, 1970 50 27 23 - - - - - - - - - 6th state parliament
    May 4th 1975 50 25th 22nd - - - - 3 - - - - 7th state parliament
    April 27, 1980 51 23 24 3 - - - - 4th - - - - 8th state parliament
    March 10, 1985 51 20th 26th - - - - 5 - - - - 9th state parliament
    January 28, 1990 51 18th 30th - - - - 3 - - - - 10th state parliament
    October 16, 1994 51 21st 27 - - - 3 - - - - - 11th state parliament
    September 5, 1999 51 26th 25th - - - - - - - - - 12th state parliament
    September 5, 2004 51 27 18th - 4th - - 3 4 3 - - - - 13th state parliament
    August 30, 2009 51 19 5 13 11 - - 3 5 5 - - - - 14th state parliament
    March 25, 2012 51 19th 18 6 8 6 - 4 7 2 7 - - - - - 15th state parliament
    March 26, 2017 51 24 17th 7 8 3 - - - - - - - 16th state parliament
    1From 1957 the CVP faction called itself CSU , in 1959 it joined the CDU .
    2 Based on a decision by the Constitutional Commission on April 19, 1956, the DPS received one of the previous CVP seats.
    3On December 7, 1984, MP Peter Lindner resigned from the SPD parliamentary group.
    4thOn August 7, 2007 the MP Barbara Spaniol resigned from the party and parliamentary group Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen and subsequently belonged to the state parliament as a non-attached member of the Die Linke party .
    5On 15 December 2011, the former stepped FDP -Fraktionsvorsitzende Christian Schmitt from the FDP and on 19 December 2011, the CDU Faction.
    6thOn April 12, 2012 (before the 15th state parliament was constituted), MP Pia Döring converted from the “Die Linke” party to the SPD.
    7thOn January 26, 2015, the MP Michael Neyses switched from the Pirate faction to the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen faction.
    8thOn August 2, 2018, Dagmar Ensch-Engel left the left-wing parliamentary group and has been non-attached ever since.

    Election results

    2012State election 2017
    Final official
    voter turnout: 69.7%
     %
    50
    40
    30th
    20th
    10
    0
    40.7
    29.6
    12.9
    6.2
    4.0
    3.3
    0.8
    0.7
    0.7
    1.2
    Gains and losses
    compared to 2012
     % p
       8th
       6th
       4th
       2
       0
      -2
      -4
      -6
      -8th
    +5.5
    -1.0
    -3.2
    +6.2
    -1.0
    +2.1
    -0.9
    -6.7
    -0.5
    -0.3
    State elections in Saarland since 1947
    CDU SPD THE LEFT AfD GREEN FDP / DPS FAMILY PIRATES NPD CVP DDU KP PLC Others
    1947 - - - - - 7.6% - - - 51.2% - 8.4% 32.8% -
    1952 - - - - - - - - - 54.7% - 9.5% 32.4% 3.4%
    1955 25.4% 14.3% - - - 24.2% - - - 21.8% 0.9% 6.8% 5.8% 0.8%
    1960 36.6% 30.0% - - - 13.6% - - - 11.4% 5.0% - - 3.4%
    1965 42.7% 40.7% - - - 8.3% - - - 5.2% 3.1% - - -
    1970 47.8% 40.8% - - - 4.4% - - 3.4% 0.9% - - - 2.7%
    1975 49.1% 41.8% - - - 7.4% - - 0.7% - - - - 1.0%
    1980 44.0% 45.4% - - 2.9% 6.9% - - - - - - - 0.8%
    1985 37.3% 49.2% - - 2.5% 10.0% - - 0.7% - - - - 0.3%
    1990 33.4% 54.4% - - 2.6% 5.6% 0.2% - 0.2% - - - - 3.4%
    1994 38.6% 49.4% - - 5.5% 2.1% 0.5% - - - - - - 3.9%
    1999 45.5% 44.4% 0.8% - 3.2% 2.6% 1.0% - - - - - - 2.5%
    2004 47.5% 30.8% 2.3% - 5.6% 5.2% 3.0% - 4.0% - - - - 1.6%
    2009 34.5% 24.5% 21.3% - 5.9% 9.2% 2.0% - 1.5% - - - - 1.1%
    2012 35.2% 30.6% 16.1% - 5.0% 1.2% 1.7% 7.4% 1.2% - - - - 1.5%
    2017 40.7% 29.6% 12.8% 6.2% 4.0% 3.3% 0.8% 0.7% 0.7% - - - - 1.2%

    Government parties = bold ; Parties not represented in the Landtag = in italics

    Footnotes

    1. ^ Until 2007 as the Party of Democratic Socialism (PDS)
    2. DPS until 1957 (banned from 1951 to 1955), then part of the FDP
    3. 1959 (partial) merger with CDU Saar; Results from 1960 Saarland People's Party (SVP) and SVP / CVP
    4. 1956 merger with the DSP to form the Saarland SPD
    5. ^ German Social Democratic Party (DSP)

    President of the State Parliament

    State Parliament President Stephan Toscani
    President of the Saarland State Parliament
    president fraction Term of office annotation
    Johannes Hoffmann CVP 1947 President of the Legislative Assembly of the Saarland
    Peter's room PLC 1947-1956
    Heinrich Schneider DPS 1956
    Wilhelm Kratz CDU 1957-1959
    Julius von Lautz CDU 1959
    Alfons Dawo CDU 1959-1961
    Josef Schmitt CDU 1961-1966
    Hans Maurer CDU 1966-1974 died in office
    Franz Schneider CDU 1974-1975
    Ludwig Schnur CDU 1975-1980
    Albrecht Herold SPD 1980-1994
    Hans Kasper SPD 1994-1999
    Hans Ley CDU 1999-2015 died in office
    Klaus Meiser CDU 2015-2018 resigned on February 12, 2018
    Stephan Toscani CDU 2018–

    Committees

    In the 16th electoral term, the following committees and sub-committees were formed:

    • Committee on Education, Culture and the Media
    • Submissions Committee
      • Subcommittee on Data Protection and Freedom of Information
    • Committee on Europe and Issues of the Interregional Parliamentarians Council
    • Finance and Budget Committee
      • Subcommittee on Audit of the Budget Accounts
    • Committee for questions of the protection of the constitution
    • Mine Safety and Post-Mining Committee
    • Committee on Home Affairs and Sport
      • Subcommittee on Building
    • Committee on Justice, Constitutional and Legal Affairs and Election Review
    • Committee on Social Affairs, Health, Women and Family
    • Environment and Consumer Protection Committee
    • Committee on Economy, Labor, Energy and Transport
    • Science, Research and Technology Committee

    pay

    The members of the state parliament receive a parliamentary allowance . In February 2013, the Saarland Court of Auditors found that "more than 70 percent" of the MPs received unconstitutional allowances for which there is no legal basis. According to the taxpayers' association , the Saarland parliamentarians are 14th of all German parliaments with EUR 3.13 per inhabitant. Only the representatives of the federal states of Thuringia , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and Bremen receive a higher parliamentary salary or compensation from the citizens.

    Building history of the state parliament building

    Saarbrücken casino company

    Saarbrücken Casino Society House, entry ticket to the large carnival redoubt of the Saarbrücken carnival association "Momus" on February 26, 1848 in the old casino hall in Wilhelm-Heinrich-Strasse (Saarbrücken city archive)

    Today's parliament of the Saarland was originally the society house of the old Saarbrücker and St. Johann casino society. The casino company goes back to an evening social club of the Saarbrücken civil servants and merchants that was established between 1770 and 1780. As early as 1796, 19 of its members had founded a social association. Initially, the association moved into its first "casino" on Wilhelmstrasse, then moved to Altneugasse and from around 1817 found an event venue in what is now Wilhelm-Heinrich-Strasse.

    Construction of the casino building by Raschdorff

    Casino in Saarbrücken, facade on Herrengarten-Allee, construction magazine 1869
    Casino in Saarbrücken, north-west front and floor plans, Construction Journal 1869
    Casino in Saarbrücken, southeastern front and length average, Zeitschrift für Bauwesen 1869

    After the company had grown in numbers in the 1850s, it was decided on May 7, 1864 to build a new building on Herrengartenallee over the banks of the Saar. The "Herrengärthen" were the area of ​​the gardens behind the Saarbrücken Castle laid out by court gardener Köllner in the 18th century . Julius Carl Raschdorff , then city architect of Cologne , received first prize in an architectural competition announced for the construction of a new society building . The footprint of the building should not exceed 4,300 to 4,500 square feet (425 to 450 square meters), and the construction costs should not exceed 6½ Reichstaler per square foot. The following rooms were required on the ground floor:

    • A larger and a smaller lounge. The larger lounge should have an exit to the garden terrace.
    • A billiard table and a games room
    • A reading room and a book room
    • A porter's lodge
    • A buffet room with a dining elevator
    • A men's wardrobe
    • A room for the economist

    The upper floor should contain the following rooms:

    • A dance hall with a music gallery of approx. 2,000 square feet (200 square meters; today the plenary hall of the Saarland state parliament)
    • A ladies' salon with toilet room and accessories
    • A dining room or two dining rooms with a buffet room and dining elevator near the dance hall.

    A basement was required for the entire building. The kitchen and utility rooms as well as the wine cellar should be set up there. The official apartment for the economist and several rooms for the servants should also be set up here or on an upper floor . The construction work was led by master builder Julius Emmerich from Trier . The building was erected from February 1865 to October 1, 1866 and, together with a bowling alley and the extensive furnishings, cost 66,000 Reichstaler. The lower rooms were initially occupied in October 1866, and the upper rooms were also completed in December.

    Due to the urban development changes - especially the road construction after the Second World War and the construction of the city ​​motorway in 1963 - the building is seen from a significantly different perspective today. Raschdorff's draft of a “40 foot” deep entrance through a designed front garden with a spacious outside staircase and central fountain as well as side pergolas (Raschdorff calls them “verandas”) was not fully implemented, but is instructive for conveying the basic idea of ​​the building. The terrace area, according to Raschdorff, “... rises 3 feet above street level, can be reached from Herrengartenallee by means of an outside staircase; In the central axis there is a small fountain enclosed by a bouquet of flowers, verandas on the right and left. The space, without plantings, only occupied with a few orange and laurel trees, is kept as free as possible for seating and spending time outdoors. ”Raschdorff's idea of ​​a single building in a Mediterranean-Arcadian landscape is based on rural villas from the Italian Renaissance , like her about Andrea Palladio in the 16th century z. B. at the Villa Emo in Vedelago . For the location of a villa on the water lined with pergolas, Carl Friedrich Schinkel's casino building in the Klein-Glienicke Park, erected in 1824/1825, could have been a source of inspiration. The original view of the Saarbrücken casino building, which soon became part of a stately residential area on the left bank of the Saar , is best seen from the beginning of the Old Bridge in St. Johann or from the opposite side of the Saar, although the street level of today's Franz-Josef is now elevated -Röder-Straße greatly diminishes the original impression. The avenue trees mediating between the banks of the Saar and the casino and the gardens are also missing .

    Raschdorff's promptly published competition design was not implemented in some points, so that the design changes make the building appear more objective. The main entrance on the ground floor is designed as a vestibule with two Doric columns , which are flanked by two pillars . For the door behind it and the two windows, Raschdorff uses an antique wall opening with side walls that taper upwards at an angle. This architectural element was taken up again in the interior during renovation measures in the 1980s by designing the door frames of the interior rooms in a similar way. During the renovation work between 2004 and 2008, a decorative painting from the period of construction came to light behind the wall of a supply shaft. This area of ​​the upper floor was originally the buffet room with a dining elevator and a dining room. This was followed by the large dance hall of the casino company, today's plenary hall of the state parliament. The painted wall decoration in oil painting on plaster of paris measures approx. 4 meters x 1.5 meters and consists of a central motif, an autumn still life , flanked by frame paintings . The first frame is a perspective architectural frame with a marbled renaissance-like base. The second frame contains a free-floating grotesque in the style of ancient Roman wall paintings, which is surrounded by a painted fantasy frame. The central still life in the style of the 17th century focuses on autumn with fruits and hunting booty within the four seasons. So it can be assumed that the other seasons were also shown in the room. Julius Carl Raschdorff had planned a divergent wall decoration in his original drawings. The wall paintings were finally designed by the builder Julius Emmerich, who was born in Trier.

    Extension of a farm wing

    During the Franco-Prussian War , the casino building was used as a hospital in 1870 and 1871 . In 1881 the eastern extension was built parallel to the main facade and the rear garden hall based on designs by the Saarbrücken architect Hugo Dihm .

    At the beginning of the 1890s, it was decided to rebuild and renovate the casino building. The plans for this were made by the St. Johann architect Karl Brugger in 1891. The extensions were built in 1892. Inside, the room layout was changed and a two-story kitchen wing with three window axes was added on the east side.

    First World War and League of Nations

    During the First World War , the rooms of the casino were again used as a hospital. In the period after the war until the first Saar referendum on January 13, 1935, when the Saar area was under the administration of the League of Nations , casino operations were resumed.

    Expropriation and forced dissolution of the casino company by the NSDAP

    After the reintegration of the Saar area to the German Reich on March 1, 1935, the casino company, under pressure from the Nazi regime, was forced to dissolve on March 19, 1938 and transfer its house and other assets to the "National Socialist Association of German Technology" (NSBDT) without overwriting compensation payments. The casino now operated under the title “House of Technology”. Towards the end of the Second World War it was hit by a bomb in its eastern extension and badly damaged.

    Immediate post-war period

    After the end of the war, a number of former casino members met in 1948 to discuss the continuation of the casino company and to organize the return of their assets. As early as April 1945, the Ernst Heckel conveyor system company relocated its offices to the former casino building and had to repair it for this purpose. Due to the Allied Control Council Act , the entire assets of the former NSDAP , its branches and its affiliated associations were deemed confiscated and placed under compulsory administration.

    The casino building as the seat of the Saarland state parliament

    In 1947 the administrator terminated the Heckel company's lease and assigned the house to the Saarland state parliament as a plenary building. The renovation of the society house for the purposes of the state parliament was in the hands of the French architect and town planner Pierre Lefèvre , whom the French military governor Gilbert Grandval had ordered to rebuild the Saar after the French occupation of the Saarland in 1945. As part of the restoration work on the casino building, two additional window axes were added to the existing kitchen wing. At the beginning of the 1950s, the wing with the “Great Restaurant” and the presidential suite above it was built. In 1960, the state parliament administration built another extension southeast of the kitchen wing from 1892 and added an extensive car garage wing in the area of ​​the former bowling alley. It has not yet been possible to date exactly when the rich interior furnishings from the period of construction with stucco, tapestries , paintings and wall coverings were destroyed.

    Reconstruction work in the 1980s

    View from Saarbrücken Castle Rock on the Saarland state parliament

    In the Raschdorff plans, a loggia was shown on the first floor facing the street (plenary hall facing the Saar) , but this had not been implemented. Instead, windows were built into the front, which still have the original structure today. The central projections on the first and second floors were of the same architectural design on the front and rear. In the post-war period, the sandstone fighter zone at the level of the ceiling above the first floor and the architraves and decorative fields above the windows of the second floor were removed in order to better light the large hall at the rear of the building . The base and capital bulges of the small pillars framing the windows on the sides had also been chipped off. In 1981 this rear central projection was reconstructed based on the model of the front facade. However, the re-creation of the decorative fields that had shown musical-bacchanalian still lifes in bas-relief was abandoned. Instead, stylized reliefs with the themes of “people's representatives”, “parliamentary seats” and “billboards” now symbolize the current purpose of the former casino building. With this reconstruction, the renovation of the building fronts that began in 1979/80 came to an end. The renovation of the plastered surfaces, the repair of the red sandstone plinth and walls as well as the painting of the facades with mineral paints had preceded, as well as the installation of the main portal and the entrance door on the side front in their original shape as double-leaf doors made of wood and glass. After five conference rooms with stucco work, doors and chandeliers were restored in the following years based on Raschdorff's conception, the vestibule was reconstructed in its original form in 1985.

    Construction work from 1994 to 2009

    Plenary hall
    Anteroom of the plenary hall
    State press conference room

    First, in 1994, the “small restaurant” was redesigned based on a design by Miroslav Volf's office, which was then based in Saarbrücken. The architecture office also provided the plans for the extension building to the east of the main building, which was inaugurated in 2004. In cooperation with Miroslav Volf, the redesign of the outdoor facilities was carried out in two construction phases between 2000 and 2004 by the Saarbrücken landscape architects Gerhard Hegelmann and Hanno Dutt. On Spichererbergstrasse, a continuation of the palace garden staircase leads to a two-flight staircase leading to the newly designed state parliament garden. Underneath is an underground car park, which was completed in 2000 . At about the same time as the work on the extension building, serious damage to the foundation and roof structure of the Raschdorff Casino was discovered. On the one hand, rot and fungal infestation had damaged the roof structure so badly that there was a risk of collapse, on the other hand, broad settlement cracks occurred on the building due to war damage, groundwater fluctuations, the construction of the city motorway and the vibrations caused by the increased traffic, extensions and conversions as well as the construction of the underground car park had been caused. A total renovation therefore turned out to be necessary. The architect Oliver Brünjes, formerly a long-time employee of the architect Miroslav Volf, and the interior designer Vera Burbach-Brünjes, both from Saarbrücken, were commissioned to create the planning drawings and carry out the work . The necessary renewal of the low roof structure and the ceiling below resulted in a reorganization and redesign of all rooms on the second floor. During the renovation work, the entire historical main building inside was upgraded or renewed in accordance with the current fire protection and safety regulations. The renovation work also affected the plenary hall. For the renovation, Oliver Brünjes received the state and BDA award for architecture and urban development in 2008. For the jury, the decisive factor was the cautious handling of the historical building fabric from the 1860s and 1950s, which was taken into account in the concept of thorough renovation and renewal has been. A grid of three rows of light openings served as a recurring leitmotif . In 2009, the “Large Restaurant” was modernized by Stefan Krüger and Karin Dalbert-Krüger based on designs by the Saarbrücken architects' office.

    See also

    Individual evidence

    1. ^ Albert Ruppersberg : History of the former county of Saarbrücken, history of the cities of Saarbrücken and St. Johann 1815-1909, the city of Malstatt-Burbach and the united city of Saarbrücken until 1914, Volume III, Part 2, 2nd edition from 1914, Saarbrücken 1914, p. 99.
    2. Final official final result of the state election 2017 ( memento of the original from March 26, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , The Regional Returning Officer, Saarland Statistical Office @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.statistikextern.saarland.de
    3. Composition: 1. Extended Presidium; 2. Standing committees of the state parliament and other parliamentary bodies. (PDF; 109 kB) In: Drucksache 16/22. State Parliament of Saarland, June 21, 2017, accessed on September 17, 2017 .
    4. Saarbrücker Zeitung: Court of Auditors reprimands expenditure in the Saar-Landtag, Sa./Su. 23/24 February 2013, p. 1
    5. Saarbrücker Zeitung, No. 97, April 26, 2013, p. A2
    6. August Krohn: Saarbrücker Kasino-Chronik 1796-1896. Saarbrücken 1896.
    7. ^ Julius Carl Raschdorff: Casino building in Saarbrücken, in: Zeitschrift für Bauwesen, year 19, 1869, p. 195.
    8. ^ Julius Carl Raschdorff: Notes from the life and work of the architect Professor JC Raschdorff, Königl. Privy councilor, master builder of the Berlin cathedral, Berlin 1903.
    9. August Krohn: Saarbrücker Kasino-Chronik 1796-1896, Saarbrücken 1896, p. 19.
    10. ^ Friedrich Lutz: The master builder Julius Carl Raschdorff (1823-1914) and his Saarbrücker work, the building of the casino company (1864-1866), today the seat of the Saarland state parliament, in: 25./26. Report of the State Preservation of Monuments in Saarland 1978/1979, Contributions to Archeology and Art History, Department of Art History, Saarbrücken 1988, pp. 67–81.
    11. Friedrich Lutz: Das Landtag building, the master builder Julius Carl Raschdorff (1823-1914) and his work, in: 40 years Landtag des Saarlandes, 1947-1987, ed. by the President of the Saarland Parliament, Saarbrücken 1987, pp. 181–194.
    12. Helmut T. Schweer and Bernhard Stollhof: The building of the state parliament of Saarland and its checkered history, ed. by Hans Ley, President of the Saarland Parliament, Saarbrücken 2006.
    13. Oliver Brünjes, Helmut T. Schweer, Benedikt Stollhof: From Casino to Parliament - Documentation for Securing and Renovating the Office Building of the Saarland State Parliament 2004–2007, ed. by Hans Ley, President of the Saarland Parliament, Saarbrücken 2007.
    14. State and BDA Prize for Architecture and Urban Development in Saarland 2008, ed. from the Ministry for the Environment of Saarland and the Association of German Architects BDA Landesverband Saarland, Saarbrücken 2008.
    15. ^ Kristine Marschall: The state parliament building in Saarbrücken. (PDF; 557 kB) Ministry for the Environment, Energy and Transport, State Monuments Office, 2011, accessed on May 5, 2017 .

    Web links

    Commons : Landtag des Saarlandes  - collection of images, videos and audio files

    Coordinates: 49 ° 13 ′ 46 ″  N , 6 ° 59 ′ 40 ″  E