St. Johann (Saar)

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St. Johann
State capital Saarbrücken
Former coat of arms of St. Johann
Coordinates: 49 ° 13 ′ 58 "  N , 6 ° 59 ′ 47"  E
Area : 12.29 km²
Residents : 31,610  (Jan 31, 2018)
Population density : 2,572 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : April 1, 1909
Postal code : 66111, 66121, 66123
Area code : 0681
St. Johann (Saarland)
St. Johann

Location of St. Johann in Saarland
View of St. Johann, on the left the tower of the Catholic basilica St. Johann, on the right the tower of the old Protestant church of St. Johann
View of St. Johann, on the left the tower of the Catholic basilica St. Johann, on the right the tower of the old Protestant church of St. Johann

St. Johann is a district of the Saarland capital Saarbrücken . It bears the district number 13 and has about 30,000 inhabitants. St. Johann was made a town in 1322. On April 1, 1909, St. Johann was united with the cities of Saarbrücken and Malstatt-Burbach to form a city called Saarbrücken . The administrative seat of the new municipality and today's state capital Saarbrücken was and is St. Johann ever since.

history

St. Johann, old town center, city model
Figure of Arnulf von Metz , portal of the Protestant Johanneskirche in St. Johann . The founding legend of the St. Johann local church says that Arnulf resigned his office as bishop in 629 and retired to the so-called Heidenkapelle (former Mithraeum ) on Halberg , where his alleged father, St. Arnual , had already lived as a hermit. From there he initiated the building of the chapel dedicated to John the Baptist (today the location of the St. Johann Basilica ) in the fishing village of St. Johann. The fishing village then adopted the place name St. Johann from the title saint of this chapel.

A prehistoric settlement is suspected in the core area of ​​today's St. Johann, but it is covered by today's buildings, so that only chance finds come about. Stone blades and ceramics were found in St. Johann from the Neolithic Age . Neck and arm rings from the Iron Age were discovered at a burial site .

A Roman settlement on the flood-free terrace in today's St. Johann is suspected, a stick dam in the area of ​​today's Dudweilerstrasse and Gerberstrasse has been proven.

St. Johann on the right bank of the Saar was a fishing village in the Middle Ages and was first mentioned in a document in 1265. The name goes back to a church that was consecrated to John the Baptist . In its place is now the St. John's Basilica .

The place ("Sente Johan dat dorf") received city rights at the same time as Saarbrücken in 1322 by Count Johann I of Saarbrücken . The current remote location of the St. Johann Basilica , which stands on the site of the former medieval chapel of St. Johann, from today's center, the St. Johanner Markt, is explained by the fact that the St. Johanner Markt was originally in the medieval market Katholisch-Kirch-Straße was relatively wide and was then moved to its current location in the late Middle Ages.

In the middle of the 18th century, suburbs, two baroque churches and town houses were built under the reign of Prince Wilhelm Heinrich . With the construction of the main train station in 1852, St. Johann experienced an economic boom as a traffic center. In 1890 the Saarbrücken tram was opened by St. Johann. In 1909 St. Johann, Saarbrücken and Malstatt-Burbach merged to form the city of Saarbrücken and St. Johann became the seat of the city administration. In World War II, many buildings were affected. In 1960 the Berlin promenade along the Saar was built in place of the promenade . For decades, Bahnhofstrasse was St. Johann's most important traffic axis, until Kaiserstrasse took over this role after the pedestrian zone was created . In 1997 the Saarbahn was opened in St. Johann. In 2011, the old Saarbrücken mining department was integrated into the Europa-Galerie .

Demographics

As of December 31, 2018, 31,641 people lived in Malstatt. Of these, 2,657 (8.4%) were younger than 15 years and 5318 (16.8%) were older than 65 years. German citizenship was owned by 24,918 inhabitants (78.8%). 6723 inhabitants (21.3%) were foreigners, of which 2993 (9.5%) were EU citizens and 3730 (11.8%) were non-EU nationals. 69.5% of the households were one-person households; children lived in only 9.5% of households.

politics

Party political tendencies

Analyzes by the city of Saarbrücken on the long-term voting behavior of its residents came to the following results: five of the nine districts in Sankt Johann are strongholds of the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen party , which also always achieved results above the city-wide average in the other two districts of the district. The Left and the FDP each have a stronghold in Sankt Johann. The Left achieved results above the city-wide average in four, the FDP in three further districts. The CDU does not have a stronghold in Sankt Johann, but achieves results above the city-wide average in five of the nine districts, while the results of the SPD in all of Sankt Johann are below average.

coat of arms

St. Johann coat of arms, St. Johann council chamber, painting by Wilhelm Wrage
Coat of arms of St. Johann and Saarbrücken, St. Johann Council Hall, painting by Wilhelm Wrage

When the town charter was awarded in 1322, St. Johann already had its own seal, as can be seen from the wording of the award document. A seal imprint or a description has not been preserved.

The freedom letter of Count Johann I of Saarbrücken from 1321 also contained the command that

"All those who are in this vriheide or are kumen, solent dun versigelen mitter stede ingesigel, what they buy ar sell or antweselen."

- Hanns Klein : The freedom letter for Saarbrücken and St. Johann.

However, it was not determined in this letter of freedom what appearance this awarded seal had. It can be assumed that the seal that was awarded was similar or identical to the seal that Count Johann III. von Nassau-Saarbrücken , the son of Elisabeth of Lorraine , on March 6th of the year 1462 awarded to the lay judges of the city of St. Johann (inscription: "Sigillum Scabinorum opidi Sarabrucken et Sancti Johanis") :

A split coat of arms (coat of arms of the aldermen of Saarbrücken and St. Johann from 1462) above with a gold-crowned, gold-armored and red-tongued silver lion in blue, sprinkled with silver crosses (coat of arms of the Counts of Saarbrücken-Commercy) and below a red rose in a silver field ( Rose coat of arms of St. Johann).

This coat of arms was in use until the outbreak of the French Revolution on the Saar in 1793. On December 22, 1817, the aldermen's coat of arms was due to the royal cabinet order of the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. reintroduced and was until the separation of the cities of Saarbrücken and St. Johann by the very highest cabinet order of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia from 3/15. May 1859 in use.

After the separation of the cities of Saarbrücken and St. Johann by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV of Prussia in the urban order of the Rhine Province from 3/15 From May 1st, 1859 until June 19th, 1876 the city of St. Johann carried the following coat of arms: A red rose with golden seed pods and green sepals (Rose of St. Johann) in a white or silver field.

On the occasion of the inauguration of the Winterbergdenkmal on August 9, 1874 to commemorate the Battle of Spichern on August 6, 1870, the Trier District President Arthur Paul Ferdinand von Wolff had informed the assembled guests that King Wilhelm I of Prussia , German Emperor since 1871, was through had approved the highest cabinet order in Gastein's handwriting of July 29, 1874,

"That the cities of Saarbrücken and St. Johann are allowed to use the Prussian colors in their coat of arms to commemorate their patriotic and self-sacrificing attitude during the last war."

The Prussian Herald's Office then developed two alternative proposals for St. Johann :

  1. the city coat of arms of St. Johann (" Schöffenwappen " from 1462) with black and silver border or
  2. the Prussian eagle with the St. Johann "Schöffenwappen" from 1462 as a breast shield.

On June 19, 1876, the city council disregarded the alternative offer and decided in a request to Wilhelm I for both coat of arms alternatives. The request was approved by Kaiser Wilhelm I in his personal union function as Prussian king by cabinet order of November 20, 1876. The coat of arms was provided with a city wall crown with three towers and the clover-leaf crosses surrounding the lion were replaced by four small paw crosses, each similar to the Prussian Iron Cross .

These two coats of arms were carried by the city of St. Johann until the city of Saarbrücken was formed in 1909.

mayor

St. Johann an der Saar, as it was in the 18th century, Saarbrücken on the left, the Saar in the middle, St. Johann on the right (painting in the St. Johann town hall)
List of mayors from the early modern period to the association of towns
16th Century

• 1528 Jorg • 1548 Paulus Schneider • 1549 Heinrich Wagner • 1561 Max Meinzweiler • 1589 Georg Reiss • 1590 Hans Müller • 1591 Joachim Becker • 1592 Jakob Kiefer • 1593 Jakob Metzger • 1594 Adam Schumacher • 1595 Kaspar Taison, the French butcher • 1596 / 97 Kaspar Metzger • 1598 Michael Hutwohl • 1599 Arnual Geißbauer, tailor

17th century

• 1600/01 Jakob Reiser • 1602/03 Jakob Spanier • 1604/05 Georg Bischmisheimer, butcher • 1606 Anton Lohr • 1607 Hermann Blasbach • 1608 Salomon Wörner • 1609 Hans Deutschmann, Krämer • 1610/11 Niklas Reuter • 1612 Martin Becker • 1613 Peter Reinheimer • 1614 Johann Georg Syrck • 1615 Adam Heinsgen • 1616 Nikolaus Kraus, blacksmith • 1617 Paulus Karcher, butcher • 1618 Hans Peter Müller • 1619 Heinrich Joller (Georg J., mayor, died 1634) • 1620 Carinus veal, wool weaver • 1621 Reinhard Barthel, tailor • 1622 Konrad Reiß, white tanner • 1623 Johann Michael Taixon • 1624 Johann Weißgeld, wool weaver • 1625 Simon Becker, butcher • 1626 Hans Lipp, salt dealer • 1627 Simon Mayer, wool weaver • 1628 Hans Martin Pistori • 1629 Hans Denninger • 1630 Heinrich Löw • 1631 Lambrecht Müller, Gerber • 1632 Johannes Erasmus • 1633 Mathis Löw • 1634 Daniel Schlachter, died / Theobald Kempf • 1635 Joachim Lohren, died / Philipp Müller, emigrated • 1636 Nickel Lautz • 1637 Cola Köhl, butcher • 1638 Hans Nickel Mertz, baker and brewer • 1639 Johann Ludwig Callenbot, tailor • 1640 Peter Stehlinger, shopkeeper • 1641 Stoffel Rotsch, Müller • 1642 Hans Kaspar Holler, Müller • 1643 Hans Konrad Reuter, butcher • 1644 Johann Brück, wool weaver • 1645 Hans Nickel Karcher, butcher • 1646 Johann Barthel, baker • 1647 Hermann Kalbfleisch, wool weaver • 1648 Anton Sixt • 1649 Christoph Reinhard, Weingartner • 1650 Hans Georg Waffenbeck • 1651 Nickel Barthel, Krämer • 1652 Hans Jakob Rotsch, Müller • 1653 Johann Fels, Tanner • 1654 Heinrich Jonas, innkeeper • 1655 Heinrich Pflug, Hafner • 1656 Hans Jakob Hertrich • 1657 Hans Jakob Rießer, glazier • 1658 Hans Philipp Schlachter, butcher • 1659 Hans Georg Köhl, butcher • 1660 Jost Schmitteborn, wool weaver • 1661 Hans Peter Joler , Wool weaver • 1662 Hans Adolf Bohrer, shoemaker • 1663 Hans Georg Reiss, merchant • 1664 Georg Albrecht Hetzhenn, baker • 1665 Simon Geißbauer, butcher • 1666 Johann Reiss, shoemaker • 1667 Philipp Wolff • 1668 Johann Leonhard Köhl, butcher • 1669 Lukas Brück, wool weaver • 1670 Johann Nikolaus Schlachter, butcher • 1671 Hans Georg Rotsch, baker • 1672 Johann Friedrich Rößler, cooker, later innkeeper in Arnual • 1673 David Lorentz, wool weaver • 1674 Hans Konrad Reuter d. J., butcher and shopkeeper • 1675 Hans Nickel Reuther, butcher • 1676 Hans Kaspar Holler, butcher • 1677 Hans Leonhard Philippi, blacksmith • 1678 Georg David Müntzer, butcher • 1679 Johann Mathis Fels, red tanner (speaks French) • 1680 Lorenz Hör, Locksmith • 1681 Hans Philipp Köhl, butcher • 1682 Johann Andreas Reichard, shoemaker • 1683 Johann Nikolaus Karcher, butcher • 1684 Hans Jakob Lohren, butcher • 1685 Hans Nikel Lung, butcher • 1686 Philipp Dietrich Fürmund, trader • 1687 Johann Heinrich Köhl, butcher • 1688 Hans Theobald Seyffert, wool weaver • 1689 Hans Balthasar Geißbauer, butcher • 1690 Hans Heinrich Cornelius, shoemaker • 1691 Christoph Betzolt, cooper (clerk in the timber trade) • 1692 Johann Nickel Müller, shoemaker • 1693 Johann Balthasar Hufschlag, merchant • 1694 Hans Theobald (Diebold) Joller, red tanner • 1695 Johann Ludwig Schmittborn, butcher • 1696 Hans Jakob Karcher, butcher • 1697 Johann Ludwig Hetzhenn, baker • 1698 Hans Philipp Weingart, baker • 1699 Heinrich Becker, baker

18th century

• 1700 Hans Nikolaus Mühlhaus, red tanner • 1701 Hans Konrad Gottfried, white tanner • 1702 Georg Ludwig Fürmund, beer maker • 1703 Hans Leonhard Köhl, butcher • 1704 Hans Ludwig Schlachter, butcher • 1705 Hans Heinrich Geißbauer, butcher • 1706 Hans Nikolaus Reuter, butcher • 1707 Hans Georg Köhl, baker • 1708 Hans Kaspar Holler d. Younger butcher • 1709 Hans Mathis Silbereisen, Weisgerber • 1710 Johann Holler, butcher • 1711 Johann Nikolaus Korn, cloth cutter • 1712 Johann Philipp Becker, baker and innkeeper • 1713 Johann Kaspar Karcher, butcher • 1714 Johann Bernhard Müntzer, butcher • 1715 Anton Scherer , Saddler • 1716 Johann Geißbauer, butcher • 1717 Johann Nikolaus Karcher, butcher • 1718 Johann Nikolaus Brück, wool weaver • 1719 Johann Jakob Pabst, white tanner • 1720 Philipp Anton Pflug, baker • 1721 Johannes Zixt, white tanner • 1722 Johannes Wagner, red tanner • 1723 Ludwig Reuter, baker • 1724 Philipp Fillmann, stocking knitter • 1725 Balthasar Schmidtborn, butcher • 1726 Andreas Scherer, shoemaker • 1727 Johann Heinrich Hör, locksmith • 1728 Johann Georg Pabst, white tanner • 1729 Konrad Fürmund, trader • 1730 Johann Georg Korn, cloth maker • 1731 Philipp Jakob Mügel, tailor • 1732 Philipp Köhl, butcher • 1733 Magnus Schellenberger • 1734 Balthasar Groß, tailor • 1735 Johann Nikolaus Scherer, Sat tler • 1736 Balthasar Pistorius, tailor • 1737 Stephan Löw, stocking knitter • 1738 Johann Jakob Gottlieb, lathe operator • 1739 Matthias Bier, nail smith • 1740 Johann Georg Karcher, saddler • 1741 Johann Georg Mayer • 1742 Philipp Ludwig Krämer, baker • 1743 Johann Philipp Reuter , Innkeeper (boot owner) • 1744 Philipp Hör, hat maker • 1745 Nikolaus Weinrank, baker • 1746 Samuel Konrad Zix, shopkeeper • 1747 Johann Georg Mühlhaus, red tanner • 1748 Philipp Schlachter, butcher • 1749 Anton Kleber, rope maker • 1750 Matthias Weingart , Shoemaker • 1751 Johann Nikolaus Korn, trader • 1752 Georg Schmidtborn • 1753 Konrad Holler, hat maker • 1754 Nickel Müller • 1755 Samuel Karcher, butcher • 1756 Jakob Pabst • 1757 Jakob Krämer, baker • 1758 Johann Anton Zix, bookbinder • 1759 Johann, Nikolaus Korn, Säckler • 1760 Johann Georg Stehlinger, lathe operator • 1761 Daniel Sandel, hat maker • 1762 Daniel Bruch, innkeeper zum Stiefel • 1763 Johann Georg Brück, baker • 1764 Ehrhard Pflug, H andelsmann • 1765 Georg Dryander, trimmers, Heinrich Burgermeister • 1766 Balthasar Schlachter, innkeeper zum Bären • 1768 Georg Karcher • 1769 Anstett-Müller • 1770 Ludwig Höhr, hat maker • 1771 Heinrich Gottlieb, lathe operator • 1772 Karl Karcher, red tanner • 1773 Christian Weingart, Master shoemaker • 1774 Georg Philipp Pistorius, master tailor • 1775 Kaspar Kiesel • 1776 Johann Heinrich Stocky, master tailor • 1777 Johann Nikolaus Groß, master baker • 1778 Friedrich Eichacker, master cooper • 1779 Philipp Jakob Köhl, butcher • 1780 Balthasar Karcher, master saddler • 1781 Konrad Weingart, Master shoemaker • 1782 Philipp Ludwig Hör, file cutter • 1783 Konrad Pabst, Sternwirt • 1784 Jakob Krämer • 1785 Jakob Groß • 1786 Theobald Konrad Kriegenmeyer • 1787 Andreas Ellmann, wool weaver • 1788 Johann Nikolaus Karcher, innkeeper at the Krone • 1789 Johann Nikolaus Pflug, master baker • 1790 Johann Georg Kohl, bookbinder • 1791 Philipp Messinger, master glazier • 1792 Johann Bickelmann, Master baker • 1793 Georg Jakob Reuter, master lathe operator • 1794 Johann Jakob Karcher, host • 1795 Samuel Pflug, trader • 1796 Karl Steeg, master tailor / Samuel Köhl resigned due to weakness • 1797 Philipp Anton Pflug • 1798 Johan Georg Pflug, master baker

19th century

• 1798–1815 French administration • 1816–1846 combined with the entire community of Saarbrücken • 1846 Johann Friedrich Lucas, mayor • 1849 Friedrich Bentz , mayor, since 1850 • 1862 Karl Karcher , mayor • 1868 Karl Heinrich Rumschöttel , mayor • 1872 Hermann Falkenhagen , Mayor • 1888 Alfred Paul Neff , Mayor

20th century

• Since March 1, 1909, St. Johann has been united with the city of Saarbrücken and the city of Malstatt-Burbach to form the city of Saarbrücken.

Infrastructure

post Office

Old Post Office St. Johann (Saarbrücken)
Main post office Saarbrücken in St. Johann, 12-Saar-Franken postage stamp from the series "Views from the Saarland"

The old main post office in Saarbrücken is the former post office of the state capital . The building was built in 1928/29 as an office building for the Oberpostdirektion for the Saar area and the main post office of the city of Saarbrücken. The designs come from the architect Ludwig Nobis based on a floor plan by W. Hausmann. It currently serves as the seat of the Saarland Ministry of Education. The building is a listed building as a single monument.

railroad

Railway station in St. Johann, 1862
  • Saarbrücken main station : The St. Johann station was opened in 1852. The current building (120 meters long and 26 meters high) was inaugurated in September 1967. The modernized station was officially commissioned on December 15, 2007.

Parks

graveyards

Culture & sights

Town hall St. Johann
Houses at St. Johanner Markt

Market fountain

The St. Johann market fountain , built by Friedrich Joachim Stengel , is located at the St. Johann market.

town hall

The neo-late Gothic town hall St. Johann was built from 1897 to 1900 by Georg von Hauberrisser .

State Theater

Another landmark of St. Johann or Saarbrücken is the Saarland State Theater located on Schillerplatz , which was built from 1936 to 1938 by the architect Paul Otto August Baumgarten .

Art in public space

Well system "Saarbrücker Wasser"
  • "Saarbrücker Wasser" fountain, Robert Schad, 1997, Bahnhofstrasse

The low water basin is made of granite and measures 6.40 m². The steel sculpture reaches a height of six meters. The fountain is at the intersection of Bahnhofstrasse and Sulzbachstrasse. From the 13 designs submitted in a limited competition, the jury unanimously decided in favor of the design by the Ravensburg sculptor Robert Schad . The striking, light and filigree looking fountain sculpture is forged from hollow square steel. Two slender bundles of bent elements hold a narrow surface over which a wall of water pours into the fountain basin. Elaborate fountain technology controls the choreography of the programmed water feature composed by the artist.

  • Saarbrücken Trierer Straße, cenotaph in the former mine directorate "Unseren toten Bergleuten", 1964, three arched windows, colored lead glazing, each 3.10 × 1.20 m, artist: Ferdinand Selgrad, executed by Wilhelm Derix, Rottweil (Neckar),

On February 7, 1962, the Luisenthal mine suffered the most serious accident in the history of coal mining on the Saar. 298 miners were killed in a firedamp explosion . This accident caused the board of directors of Saarbergwerke AG to decide to set up a memorial to commemorate all Saar miners who had died while practicing their profession.

The administrative building of Saarbergwerke AG, the historic building of the Royal Prussian Mining Directorate, which between 1815 and 1918 had organized and managed coal mining in this part of the Rhine Province, was chosen as the location for this central memorial. The representative building that shapes the cityscape is based on a design by the Berlin architects Martin Gropius and Heino Schmieden . It was built between 1877 and 1880.

To obtain the memorial, a working group was set up, which recognized a row of windows on the first landing of the main staircase as an appropriate place for the memorial. A limited competition, to which six Saarland artists and six outside artists were invited, resulted in a total of 15 designs. From the preselection of the working group, the board of the Saarbergwerke AG decided in favor of Ferdinand Selgrad's design . Born in Neunkirchen (Saar) and trained in Kaiserslautern, Saarbrücken and Paris, Selgrad worked as a freelance artist and stood out for churches and public buildings through glass windows, mosaics, reliefs and wall paintings.

Selgrad places the dead miner in the center of the figurative representation, surrounded by the bereaved family and miner colleagues. In the middle window the woman is holding the dead body's heavy, lifeless body with her arms hanging limply. His white hard hat and the fallen, extinguished miner's lamp lie on the ground. In the right window are the two grieving children, who are accompanied by the patron saint of miners, Saint Barbara. Finally, in the left window, two miners with glowing lamps hold the guard of honor. They wear their holiday uniforms, recognizable by their high hats with red plumes; the figure on the right is also marked with a crochet. Blue is the predominant color of the triptych. A dark red, introduced in two horizontal stripes for the background, connects the window strips, but also the common motif of the conveyor frames, the wheels of which appear in black behind the heads of the figures. Selgrad contrasts the predominantly dark colors and the pale pallor of the faces, arms and hands with a comforting, hopeful, warm shade of yellow that shines particularly in the lamps of the miners and the tower of St. Barbara and illuminates the hair of the living.

The building of the former royal Prussian mining directorate is still shown on the current list of monuments of the Saarland (as of October 11, 2010) as a single monument within the Triererstraße ensemble, although it was rebuilt with considerable loss of substance and into the complex of a shopping and adventure gallery opened in October 2010 was included. The renovation meant that the historic building was largely gutted; Most of its facades and staircase were retained and incorporated into the new gallery complex. The courtyard, from which the colored glass windows by Ferdinand Selgrad received the sunlight, was converted into an interior space which, like the staircase, is now artificially lit.

religion

Christianity

St. Johann, Old Protestant Church St. Johann

Under pressure from French sovereignty under King Louis XIV , the Church of St. Johann (today the location of the St. John's Basilica ) had to be left to the Catholics. In place of the old Johanneskapelle, the church of St. Johann was built from 1754 to 1758 by the builder Friedrich Joachim Stengel . The evangelical believers of the city of St. Johann now had to go to the Saarbrücken castle church for worship , which was destroyed at that time. It was not until 1682 that a provisional reconstruction began with the help of donations. Count Karl Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbrücken sponsored the construction of a new church so that the St. Johann municipality also had its own Protestant church . But before he could begin, he died on December 6, 1723. The foundation stone for the Protestant church was only laid on April 4, 1725 under the rule of Count Friedrich Ludwig von Nassau-Ottweiler . The inauguration took place on June 24, 1727. The building was built according to plans by the builders Bernhard Trabucco, Jost Bager from Idstein and Dominique Garosso from Ottweiler in the Baroque style as an east-facing hall church with a three-sided choir and a retracted west tower. The interior was designed by Ferdinand Ganal from Saarlouis. The carpentry work including the characteristic onion dome (identical to the dome of the Saarbrücker Schlosskirche ) was carried out by Paul Bucklisch from Saarbrücken. The construction costs amounted to 9,200 guilders. The count's house contributed 2,000, the St. Arnual monastery 1,500, the city of St. Johann 1,600 in the form of wood deliveries, the Lords of Stockum 930 guilders. The remaining amount was financed through donations. The count's house donated the silver cult devices. The bell was donated by Rentmeister Johann Matthias Löw and Anna Margarete Köhl. The church was restored in the period 1912/1913.

During the Second World War , the church was badly damaged by an air mine during the great bombing raid on Saarbrücken on October 5, 1944, and collapsed in the winter of 1945/1946. At the front only the badly damaged tower was left, while the walls had been pushed outwards. In 1950/1951 it was rebuilt in a modified, unadorned form, the actual church interior is now on the upper floor, while other rooms of the St. Johann community are located below on the ground floor.

The Catholic basilica St. Johann is located near the St. Johann market , it was built by the architect Friedrich Joachim Stengel in the Baroque style. In 1975 by Pope Paul VI. The church, elevated to a minor basilica, stands on the site of the first medieval chapel of the former fishing village of St. Johann, which, according to tradition, was given to St. John by the Metz bishop Arnulf von Metz in the 7th century. John the Baptist was consecrated.

The neo-Gothic Protestant Johanneskirche Saarbrücken was completed in 1898 and is located opposite the St. Johann town hall .

The Catholic parish church Maria Königin was built by the Cologne church architect Rudolf Schwarz . It was at the initiative of the Oblate Father Augustine Reinstadler in honor of the Marian year 1953-1954 in memory of the century anniversary of the solemn proclamation of the dogma of the Immaculate Conception built with the financial support of the Saarland state government and on 31 May 1959 by the Trier Bishop Matthias Wehr consecrated .

The Roman Catholic Church of St. Michael was built in 1923/24 according to plans by the architect Hans Herkommer and has since been the largest church building in terms of interior space in the Saarland capital in front of the Protestant Ludwig Church (district of Alt-Saarbrücken).

The church was built between 1955 and 1959 according to plans by Rudolf Krüger on St. Johanner Rotenbühl . The altar was created by Albert Schilling , the glass windows were designed by Harry MacLean .

Judaism

  • Saarbrücken synagogue : The first Jewish sacred building in St. Johann was built between 1888 and 1890 according to plans by Saarbrücken architect Friedrich Mertz in the Moorish style on the corner of Futterstraße 25 and Kaiserstraße. The synagogue was opened during the violent events of the so-called Reichskristallnacht on 9/10. Destroyed November 1938. Between 1948 and 1951, a new synagogue with 248 seats was built on Beethovenplatz in Lortzingstrasse according to plans by Heinrich Sievers . On January 14, 1951, the ceremonial inauguration of the Saarbrücken sacred building took place. The Saarbrücken synagogue is the earliest post-war synagogue in what is now Germany.

literature

  • Michael Jung: Between arable farming and Fürstenhof, Saarbrücker and St. Johann bourgeoisie in the 18th century, St. Ingbert 1994.
  • Albert Ruppersberg: Saarbrücken war chronicle, events in and near Saarbrücken and St. Johann, as well as on the Spicherer Berge 1870, 4th edition, Leipzig 1911.
  • Karl August Schleiden : Illustrated History of the City of Saarbrücken, Dillingen / Saar 2009.
  • Manfred Steimer: Saarbrücken, PR Studio Saarbrücken 1995, ISBN 3931320006 , pp. 72-88.
  • Rolf Wittenbrock (Ed.): History of the City of Saarbrücken, Vol. 1, From the beginnings to the industrial awakening (1860), Vol. 2, From the time of rapid growth to the present, Saarbrücken 1999.

Web links

Commons : Sankt Johann (Saar)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Numbers, data and facts. State capital Saarbrücken. State capital Saarbrücken, accessed on February 12, 2018 .
  2. ^ Karl Lohmeyer: The sagas of the Saar from the source to the mouth. Saarbrücken 1951, p. 78.
  3. ^ Alfons Kolling : Late Bronze Age on the Saar and Mosel , Bonn 1968; Reinhard Schindler : Studies on the prehistoric settlement and fortification system of the Saarland , Trier 1968; Andrei Miron et al. Auguste Schäfer: Hidden-Discovery, A foray through the prehistory and early history of the Saarland , Saarbrücken 1993; Karl August Schleiden: Illustrated History of the City of Saarbrücken , Dillingen / Saar 2009, pp. 15–18.
  4. ^ Karl August Schleiden: Illustrated history of the city of Saarbrücken , Dillingen / Saar 2009, p. 21.
  5. ^ Karl August Schleiden: Illustrated History of the City of Saarbrücken , Dillingen / Saar 2009, p. 43, map "Growth phases of St. Saarbrücken and St. Johann, draft H. Junk / H. Klein 1979."
  6. ↑ Hanns Klein: The letter of freedom for Saarbrücken and St. Johann , in: Journal for the history of the Saar region 19, 1971, pp. 132–146, here p. 141.
  7. ↑ Hans-Walter Herrmann: Saarbrücken and St. Johann from the beginnings of urban life to its decline in the 30 Years War , in: Rolf Wittenbrock (Ed.): History of the City of Saarbrücken, From the Beginnings to Industrial Awakening (1850) , Vol. 1 , Saarbrücken 1999, pp. 199-298, here pp. 266-267.
  8. ↑ http://www.saarbruecken.de/media/download-5c7942a3f1415
  9. ↑ http://www.saarbruecken.de/media/download-5c7942a3f1415
  10. ↑ Quoted from Hanns Klein: The freedom letter for Saarbrücken and St. Johann. In: Hans-Walter Herrmann, Hanns Klein (Hrsg.): Festschrift for the 650th anniversary of the award of the freedom letter to Saarbrücken and St. Johann. Historical association for the Saar region , Saarbrücken 1971, pp. 132–146, here p. 144.
  11. ↑ Kurt Hoppstädter: The coat of arms of the Saarland, part 1, ed. v. Historical Association for Saarland e. V. in cooperation with the archive of the Saarland government, Saarbrücken, 1953, pp. 77–79.
  12. ↑ Kurt Hoppstädter: The coat of arms of the Saarland, part 1, ed. v. Historical Association for Saarland e. V. in cooperation with the archive of the Saarland government, Saarbrücken, 1953, p. 78.
  13. ↑ Hermann Lehne, Horst Kohler: coat of arms of the Saarland, state and municipal coats of arms. Saarbrücken 1981, pp. 30-34.
  14. ^ Albert Ruppersberg : Directory of the Meier and Mayors of Saarbrücken and St. Johann, in: Südwestdeutsche Heimatblätter 8, 1927.
  15. ↑ Hanns Klein: Short biography of the mayors of (old) Saarbrücken, St. Johanns, Malstatt-Burbachs and the city of Saarbrücken, in: Journal for the history of the Saar region 19, 1971, pp. 510-538.
  16. ↑ Rolf Wittenbrock (Ed.): History of the City of Saarbrücken, Vol. 2, From the time of stormy growth to the present, Saarbrücken 1999, pp. 678-680.
  17. ↑ List of monuments of the Saarland, partial list of monuments of the state capital Saarbrücken ( Memento of the original from January 16, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , P. 97 (Trierer Straße 33) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.saarland.de
  18. ^ Jo Enzweiler and Erik Schrader (eds.): Kunstort, art in public space in Saarbrücken-St. Johann, Saarbrücken 2010.
  19. ↑ Werner Spilker: Unseren toten Bergleuten, drafts for a memorial in the stairwell of the main administration building of Saarbergwerke AG, in: Schacht und Heim, Heft 4, 1964, S. 15-18.
  20. ↑ Werner Spilker: The memorial, the glass painting "Unseren toten Bergleuten" by Ferdinand Selgrad has been installed in the main administration building, in: Schacht und Heim, Heft 5, 1965, S. 15-16.
  21. ↑ Martin Klewitz: The management building of the Saarbergwerke in the course of the decades, in: Saarbrücker Hefte 43, 1976, pp. 35–41; also published in: Die Hauptverwaltung der Saarbergwerke AG, Saarbrücken 1981, pp. 59–65.
  22. ^ Hans-Christoph Dittscheid: Die Bergwerksdirektion - a testimony to Prussian architecture in Saarbrücken, in: Saarbrücker Hefte 43, 1976, pp. 19–34; also published in: Die Hauptverwaltung der Saarbergwerke AG, Saarbrücken 1981, pp. 21–58.
  23. ↑ New dress for the Saarbrücker Bergwerksdirektion, Interview with Dr. Josef Baulig, municipal conservator in Saarbrücken, in: Saarberg 6, 1995, pp. 32–33.
  24. ↑ Jo Enzweiler (Ed.): Art in Public Space Saarland, Volume 1, Saarbrücken, district mid 1945 to 1996, Saarbrücken 1997, p. 305.
  25. ↑ Delf Slotta: Miner's triptych as an eye-catcher, symbol of the Saar mining industry (20): The glass painting of the Saarbrücken mine directorate, in: Steinkohle, Heft 1, 2003, IV.
  26. ^ Between tradition and modernity, RAG Saarberg AG building in the course of time, published by the board of RAG Saarberg AG, Essen 2003, in it: Marlen Dittmann: Das Baukunstwerk Bergwerksdirektion, Mining Monument - Identification Mark in the City, pp. 9-30 ; Berthold Schmitt: "Honor the miner, the brave man!", The figurative jewelry of the mine management, p. 31–49; Günter Scharwath: "Unseren toten Bergleuten", The glass paintings by Ferdinand Selgrad, pp. 51–58.
  27. ^ Saarbergwerke AG (ed.): The main administration of Saarbergwerke AG, Saarbrücken 1981.
  28. ^ Karl August Schleiden: Illustrated History of the City of Saarbrücken, Dillingen / Saar 2009, pp. 71–72.
  29. ^ Karl August Schleiden: Illustrated History of the City of Saarbrücken, Dillingen / Saar 2009, pp. 76–78 and p. 558.
  30. ^ Hartwig Beseler, Niels Gutschow: War fates of German architecture, losses - damage - reconstruction, a documentation for the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany, Vol. II: Süd, Wiesbaden 2000, pp. 1073-1074.
  31. ^ Evangelical Congregation St. Johann zu Saarbrücken (ed.): History of the Protestant Congregation St. Johann zu Saarbrücken for the dedication of the restored old church on the harvest festival, October 4th 1953, Saarbrücken 1953.
  32. ^ Matthias Prinz and Hermann Josef Willger: Documentation Catholic parish church St. Johann Saarbrücken built by Friedrich Joachim Stengel 1754–1758, renovation 1964–1975, ed. v. Catholic Parish Office Saarbrücken-St. Johann, Saarbrücken 1975, pp. 122-131.
  33. ^ Albert Marx: The Jewish community Saarbrücken (1933-1945), in: Ten instead of a thousand years, The time of National Socialism on the Saar 1935-1945, catalog for the exhibition of the Regional History Museum in Saarbrücken Castle, Saarbrücken 1988, pp. 201-217 .
  34. ↑ Bastian Müller: Architecture of the Post-War Period in Saarland Preservation of Monuments in Saarland Volume 4, Landesdenkmalamt, Ministry for the Environment, Energy and Transport, Saarbrücken, 2011, p. 150.