Gersweiler

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Gersweiler
City of Saarbrücken
Former coat of arms
Coordinates: 49 ° 14 ′ 9 ″  N , 6 ° 55 ′ 43 ″  E
Area : 5.63 km²
Residents : 6365  (December 31, 2012)
Population density : 1,131 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st January 1974
Postal code : 66128
Area code : 0681
Gersweiler (Saarland)
Gersweiler

Location of Gersweiler in Saarland

Gersweiler (in the local dialect Gärschweihla ) is a district of the Saarland capital Saarbrücken in the city ​​district West . It bears the district number 21.

geography

location

Gersweiler is above a by the Saar created wide flood plain with wide terraces on the left (south) Saar shore. The northern edge of the valley is lined with a long chain of mountain ledges. The heights of the St. Arnualer Stiftswald stretch south around Gersweiler .

Local division

The place can be divided into Gersweiler ( -Mitte ) (to the east, in the north-east and in the center), Sprink house (in the south) and Ottenhausen (in the northwest, this counts nowadays usually also rod mill ). The exact boundaries are controversial as not legally defined, but the general opinion is that the Gersweiler – Ottenhausen border is at the intersection of Hauptstrasse / Theresienstrasse and the Gersweiler – Sprinkshaus border is at the Krughütter Strasse / Am Aschbacherhof intersection.

Neighboring places

The following places and Saarbrücken districts border on Gersweiler, they are named starting in clockwise direction in the north: Altenkessel , Burbach (both on the other side of the Saar); Alt-Saarbrücken (up to the foot of the Schanzenberg, because Gersweiler only begins shortly before the Gersweiler train station), Schœneck ( Moselle department , Lorraine ( F )), Klarenthal , Fenne and Luisenthal (both Mittelstadt Völklingen ).

Districts

The community of Gersweiler consisted of the former districts of Gersweiler, Ottenhausen, Neu-Aschbach and Stangenmühle. Until 1962, Klarenthal and Krughütte also belonged to the mayor's office of Gersweiler (the two then formed the independent municipality of Klarenhal-Krughütte), until both Gersweiler and Klarenthal became neighboring districts of the state capital in the course of the territorial reform in 1974 . Today Gersweiler is usually classified as described in the Geography section.

history

In the area of ​​the present part of the city you can find pre- and Roman times settlement and road remains.

The first secured documentary mention from the year 1252 concerns the district of Aschbach, which perished in the late 16th century. Excavations on the remains of the former church in Aschbach have proven that this chapel was built in the early Middle Ages; the gothic door and the associated windows have apparently been added to the much older building at a later date.

In 1312 the two other old districts, Gersweiler and Ottenhausen, are first mentioned in a document. All three places apparently belonged to the Sankt Arnual monastery , which provided the chapel in Aschbach with a sacristan or vicar .

In 1569 the St. Arnual monastery was abolished and in 1575 the Reformation was introduced in the entire county of Saarbrücken according to the Lutheran confession . At the latest from this point in time, evangelical preaching began in Gersweiler.

The ruins of the Aschbachkirche

Around 1600 the residents of Gersweiler and Ottenhausen complained about the long and arduous walk to the Aschbach church. Accordingly, the district of Aschbach was no longer populated at this point in time. In 1617 a new church was built on a hill between the two remaining districts (demolished in 1785, the site is now the Alevi cultural center ). The old church was converted into a count's farm yard. During the Thirty Years' War the Aschbachkirche was used as a plague hospital because of its remote location .

The war hit the entire county of Saarbrücken and thus Gersweiler hard: at the end of the war only three people were resident in Gersweiler. The widow of Count Gustav Adolf , Countess Eleonore Klara , invited immigrants from all over Europe to repopulate their areas. Over the course of many decades, French Huguenots and displaced Protestant Austrians as well as Catholic Dutch came to the country, which only slowly recovered from the enormous devastation. It was not until the middle of the 18th century that princes Wilhelm Heinrich and Ludwig saw the country flourish again.

In 1784 the old Protestant church from 1617 was replaced by a magnificent baroque new building.

In the 19th century the community participated in the tremendous economic boom that was triggered by the coal and steel industries. The population increased fourfold within 25 years, numerous new representative buildings were erected, including a Catholic church again.

Of particular importance in economic history and handicraft view was the Gersweiler Steingutfabrik that from 1846 to 1901 both simple white tableware (food and laundry services), as well as high-quality tableware with printed and hand-painted motifs and a series of decorative objects (vases, bowls, figurines) manufactured.

From 1899 to 1932 August Müller (politician, 1868) was mayor of Gersweiler; August-Müller-Strasse is named after him in what is now the Gersweiler district of Saarbrücken. In 1935 the former Gauleiter and head of the NSDAP local group , Jakob Jung, was appointed mayor.

The municipality of Gersweiler became a district of the state capital Saarbrücken on January 1, 1974 as part of the Saarland regional and administrative reform .

Surname

The term hamlet has spread in the German-speaking area since the early Middle Ages - from the 7th century (Franconian land acquisition) to the 9th century. And is almost always associated with a Germanic personal name as the first component.

Another explanation is that the name goes back to the Germanized form of the French Guerresviller (war hamlet ), which is an indication of the changeable military past. Affiliation changed between Germany and France a total of 24 times, only twice of which were peaceful.

politics

coat of arms

The coat of arms of Gersweiler was created by the Saarland heraldist Kurt Hoppstädter for the 700th anniversary of the town in 1952 . It shows the silver, gold-crowned and red-armored lion belonging to the Counts of Saarbrücken-Commercy . The two and a half crosses stand for the two existing and the submerged district. The black field symbolizes the mining industry, which has dominated the local economy for a long time . The golden shingles come from the coat of arms of the counts and princes of Nassau-Saarbrücken , the number seven points to the 700-year history of the place.

traffic

Former train station

The federal motorway 620 runs north of Gersweiler with the Saarbrücken-Gersweiler junction . AS Völklingen Luisenthal also includes Ottenhausen. The state road L 261 runs through Gersweiler and the districts of Ottenhausen and Stangenmühle, coming from the Saarbrücken district of Burbach in the direction of Warndt .

Also north of Gersweiler is the Rosseltalbahn , on which passenger traffic by rail took place until 1976. The station building of the Gersweiler train station is still preserved.

The public transport in Gersweiler consists of buses in the SaarVV , the Saarbahn was also connected.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Protestant church

The baroque Evangelical Church from 1784, which replaced a previous building built by the architect Jost Hoer from 1616 to 1618, is worth seeing . The building is probably the work of Johann Jakob Lautemann , a student of the Saarbrücken General Building Director Friedrich Joachim Stengel . In 1844, the former forester's house of the St. Arnual Abbey , built around 1770 (also a stem building) , was given to the Protestant parish as a parsonage and thus now owned two baroque gems. In the 1930s, against the protest of the monument commissioner at the time, the church was robbed of the then completely preserved baroque interior and its concept was fundamentally changed through improper renovations. The stained glass windows by the Hungarian artist György Lehoczky are worth seeing in the church today .

The ruins of the medieval Aschbach Church (at the Schoeneck border crossing) are among the buildings worth seeing in Gersweiler . The architecturally and art-historically interesting ruin is one of the few remaining evidence from the Middle Ages.
The hall church was built in the 1st half of the 12th century. After the Reformation was introduced in the county of Saarbrücken in 1575, the church was a Protestant church. Last news from the village of Aschbach, which - with the exception of the church - was probably destroyed by fire, comes from 1612. In 1617 the church was in a dilapidated state, but after renovation and expansion measures in the years 1624 to 1635 it served as a Plague hospital . In 1666, under the builder Count Gustav von Nassau-Saarbrücken, it was converted into a manor house and used for agricultural purposes. In 1739 the community of Gersweiler acquired the building, which was then auctioned off at the time of the French Revolution at the end of the 18th century. As a result, there were several changes of ownership before the municipality of Gersweiler made a buyback in 1897. This was followed by multiple changes of ownership and renovations in 1930. The municipality of Gersweiler bought the building again in 1952 and planned the demolition, which could be prevented by committed, heritage-conscious citizens. Nevertheless, there was a partial demolition and thus the loss of valuable building fabric. In 1957 the temporary use as a residential building ended. Archaeological excavations began in 1962 and in 1966 it was finally demolished. The masonry that still existed after the demolition was restored and archaeological excavations were carried out between 1986 and 1990. In 2003 archaeological excavations took place again.
From the historic church, a choir arch has been preserved in the stones that still exist . In addition, two Romanesque cube capitals , head pieces of a column and a Gothic window have been preserved, all of which were carelessly stored in a building yard in the 1950s and left to decay.

The Evangelical Church , the old Stifts-Forsthaus and the Aschbach Church are listed as individual monuments in the Saarland's list of monuments. Other buildings worth seeing in the list of monuments include a. the Catholic Church of St. Michael built by Wilhelm Hector in 1889 and the former reception building of the Gersweiler train station from 1905/06. The representative station building, part of a complex that also included an imposing horse chestnut avenue , is a good example of the historicist station architecture during the German Empire . The building was privatized in 1986 and underwent extensive renovation in the mid-2000s.

societies

The local associations include the DLRG Gersweiler, the Evangelical Church Community Gersweiler-Klarenthal and the German Red Cross Gersweiler-Ottenhausen e. V. and SV 1910 Gersweiler-Ottenhausen eV

Web links

Commons : Gersweiler  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Population on December 31, 2012 (PDF) ( Memento from December 30, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) At: www.saarbruecken.de, accessed on December 28, 2013
  2. ^ Gerhard Paul: The NSDAP des Saargebiets 1920-1935, Saarbrücker printing and publishing house: Saarbrücken 1987, ISBN 3-925036-11-3 , p. 179f
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 803 .
  4. ^ Hermann Lehne, Horst Kohler: Coat of arms of the Saarland: State and municipal coats of arms. Saarbrücken: Book publisher Saarbrücker Zeitung, 1981, ISBN 3-922807-06-2
  5. a b c Information on the Evangelical Church in Gersweiler at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de. Retrieved August 1, 2013
  6. Aschbachkirche On: www.saarbruecken.de. Retrieved August 1, 2013
  7. Aschbachkirche On: www.saarlandbilder.net. Retrieved August 1, 2013
  8. a b Information on the Aschbach Church at: www.kunstlexikonsaar.de. Retrieved August 1, 2013
  9. a b List of monuments of the Saarland, partial list of monuments state capital Saarbrücken (PDF; 638 kB), accessed on August 1, 2013
  10. a b “Hundred Years of Gersweiler Railway Station” on: www.hkv-gersweiler.de. Retrieved August 1, 2013
  11. ^ Homepage of the DLRG Gersweiler , accessed on July 18, 2014