State election in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1990

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(Second votes in%)
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
38.3
27.0
15.7
5.5
4.2
2.9
2.2
1.1
3.2
LL / PDS c
Otherwise.
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
    
A total of 66 seats

The state election in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in 1990 was the first election of the state parliament since the re-establishment of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania following the reunification of Germany on October 3, 1990. It took place on October 14, 1990 .

Electoral process

The first free and democratic election of the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, as well as the state elections in the other new federal states taking place on the same day , was based on the law on elections to the state parliaments passed by the People's Chamber on July 22, 1990 Elected German Democratic Republic . This was based on the federal electoral law and also had a personalized proportional representation with first and second votes , with which direct and half list candidates were elected. The proportion of second votes alone decided the distribution of the 66 mandates; it was calculated using the Hare-Niemeyer method . The five percent hurdle and a basic mandate clause applied to three direct mandates won. The legislative period was four years. The active as passive right all adult Germans who for at least three months their primary residence have in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern.

initial situation

Results of the Volkskammer and local elections in 1990
Volkskammer election
March 18, 1990		 Local election
May 6, 1990
CDU 36.3% 27.8%
SDP 23.4% 20.6%
PDS 22.8% 19.0%
FDP 3.6% 6.4%
Alliance 90 2.4% -
Alliance 90 / New Forum - 5.3%
Green 2.0% 2.4%
Others 9.5% 24.0%
Participation 92.9% 72.4%

The state elections took place eleven days after German unification, at the same time as the state elections in the other new federal states . After the Volkskammer and local elections, it was the third election in 1990 following the upheavals in the GDR . The general election took place six weeks later . In both elections, the CDU was clearly ahead of the SPD and the PDS, so that it was also the favorite in the state elections.

In the CDU, Alfred Gomolka surprisingly prevailed in a runoff election against Georg Diederich from Schwerin as the top candidate. Klaus Klingner , Minister of Justice in Schleswig-Holstein, ran for the SPD .

The Union was able to fall back on the infrastructure of the former bloc parties CDU and Democratic Peasant Party of Germany (DBD), the FDP on the structures of the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD) and the National Democratic Party of Germany (NDPD). Both parties thus had printing machines, telephones, helpers and money. In addition, the Bonn party headquarters of the Union, above all Helmut Kohl , spared no expense or effort in the election campaign. The SPD, newly founded in the GDR opposition, and the citizens' movements had little to counter this.

Result

As expected, the CDU was by far the strongest force in the Schwerin state parliament. Nevertheless, there was a stalemate: both the Union and the FDP on the one hand and the SPD and PDS on the other hand each received 33 mandates. The transfer of Wolfgang Schulz , a member of the SPD until September 1990, to the CDU dissolved the stalemate, so that the CDU was able to form a black-yellow coalition with the FDP, which had just overcome the five percent hurdle . Schulz was involved in government work as an ombudsman. Alfred Gomolka was elected Prime Minister on October 27, 1990 ( Gomolka Cabinet ). On March 19, 1992, however, he resigned as a result of the crisis over the privatization of the shipyards. His successor in office was the previous Secretary General of the CDU Berndt Seite ( Cabinet Seite I ). After the election, Klaus Klingner remained Minister of Justice in Kiel.

The groups of the citizens' movement, which was significantly involved in the democratic transformation of the GDR, achieved a total of 9.3 percent of the votes and thus the second-best result, after the parliamentary elections in Berlin (11.4%) and the city ​​council election in East Berlin (12.6%), the state elections in 1990; but since the Greens, New Forum and Alliance 90 ran with three separate electoral lists, all failed because of the threshold clause. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania remained the only one of the new federal states without a parliamentary representation of the citizens' movement. A move into the state parliament would have been important insofar as in this case the CDU and FDP would not have had a majority, so that a grand coalition would probably have come about.

While the turnout was 92.9 percent in the first democratic Volkskammer elections on March 18 and 72.4 percent in the local elections on May 6, it slipped to 64.8 percent in the state elections.

Eligible voters 1,417,861
Voters 918.210
voter turnout 64.8%
Political party
 First votes
 Second votes
 Mandates
(direct mandates)
CDU 39.1 38.3 29 (29)
SPD 25.2 27.0 21 (4)
LL / PDS 16.2 15.7 12 (-)
FDP 5.5 5.5 4 (-)
Green 4.7 4.2 -
New forum 3.3 2.9 -
Alliance 90 2.6 2.2 -
CSU 1.0 1.1 -
REP - 0.9 -
DSU 1.3 0.8 -
DBU 0.4 0.6 -
LVP 0.5 0.5 -
NPD - 0.2 -
FaBU 0.2 0.1 -
Gray ones 0.1 0.1 -
Single candidates 0.1 - -

See also

literature

  • Rainer Dudek, Wolfgang Grandke: State introduction and state elections in the GDR 1990 , Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne a. a. 1990, ISBN 3-555-00854-4 (municipal publications for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Brandenburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Saxony and Thuringia; Volume 2)
  • Steffen Schoon: Voter behavior and political traditions in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania (1871-2002) , Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 3770052838
  • Karsten Grabow : The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states. Edited by Oskar Niedermayer, Uwe Jun and Melanie Haas, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-90912-7 , pp. 265–290.
  • Wolfgang Donner, Friedrich-Wilhelm Schwenn, Hans-Ulrich Behm: The first free elections in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , State Center for Political Education Schleswig-Holstein 1990 (Contemporary Questions 66), ISBN 3-88312-041-3

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Election to the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on October 14, 1990 Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, The State Returning Officer
  2. ↑ a b c d Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , in: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 266.
  3. ↑ a b Result extrapolated for the later federal state Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in the districts of Rostock , Schwerin and Neubrandenburg . Information on parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke , p. 268, Olzog, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-7892-8047-X
  4. ^ List association from the Democratic Women's Association of Germany , Die Nelken , Free German Youth , Marxist Youth Association Young Left , Party of Democratic Socialism
  5. ^ Association of lists from: Demokratie Jetzt , Initiative Peace and Human Rights , Independent Women's Association , United Left