Alliance 90
The Alliance 90 was a coalition of grassroots movements and opposition groups in the GDR , which during the period of transition and peaceful revolution was born in February 1990 and in September 1991 a political party was converted. In May 1993, Bündnis 90 merged with Die Grünen in what is now the Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen party .
history
On February 7, 1990, the New Forum , the Peace and Human Rights Initiative (IFM) and Democracy Now decided to form the Alliance 90 list association for election to the People's Chamber . In the following first and last free Volkskammer election in the GDR on March 18, 1990, the electoral alliance received 2.9% of the votes and thus 12 seats. Its best result was achieved by Bündnis 90 in the Berlin district with 6.3%; in the other districts the results varied between 1.6% in the Neubrandenburg district and 3.8% in the Potsdam district . Together with the eight members of the Green Party in the GDR , they formed the Alliance 90 / Greens parliamentary group .
In the East German state elections on October 14, 1990, variously composed electoral alliances reached all state parliaments except in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , where the New Forum did not participate in the electoral alliance. In Brandenburg, the three citizens' movements of Bündnis 90 started alone, in the other countries the Greens were also involved in the successful electoral alliances. In Brandenburg , Bündnis 90 was involved in the “ Ampelkoalition ”, a government jointly with the SPD and FDP, from 1990 to 1994 .
In the 12th general election on December 2, 1990, the first in the reunified Germany , 6.1% of voters in the electoral area East voted (1.2% nationwide) with their second vote for the list association "Alliance 90 / Greens - citizens' movement" (B90 / Gr), who moved into the German Bundestag with eight East German members : Klaus-Dieter Feige , Ingrid Köppe , Gerd Poppe , Christina Schenk , Werner Schulz , Wolfgang Ullmann , Konrad Weiß and Vera Wollenberger . Feige and Wollenberger belonged to the East German Green Party, while the other six came from the various civic alliances; Due to the merger, the two became members of the all-German Greens one day later. Your West German partner, The Greens, had missed entry into parliament. Werner Schulz took on the role of speaker of the joint Bundestag group , which he held for the entire legislative period.
On September 21, 1991, the Bündnis 90 party was founded by uniting parts of the New Forum, Democracy Now and the Peace and Human Rights Initiative, according to Spiegel the three most important GDR civil rights movements. On 14 May 1993 took place then the merger with since the end of 1990 all-German Green Party to the party Alliance 90 / The Greens .
Part of the Brandenburg regional association pleaded against a merger with the Greens, including Matthias Platzeck , Günter Nooke , Ute Platzeck, Peter Schüler , Manfred Kruczek and Gerd Gebhardt. However, these could not prevail and founded the citizens' alliance - with Günter Nooke, Matthias Platzeck and Wolfgang Pohl at the top. Platzeck and Pohl joined the SPD in 1995 and 1998, respectively, and Nooke joined the CDU in 1996.
The Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen party in Saxony was formed on September 27, 1991, one and a half years before the union at federal level.
See also
literature
- Heinrich Böll Foundation, Werner Schulz (ed.): The Alliance case: political perspectives 10 years after the founding of Alliance 90 . Edition Temmen, Bremen 2001, ISBN 3-86108-796-0 .
- Jan Wielgohs, Marianne Schulz, Helmut Müller-Enbergs : Alliance 90. Origin, development, perspectives. A contribution to party research in unified Germany. GSFP, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-929666-00-6 .
Web links
- Members of the Federal Council of Spokespersons (Federal Executive) of Alliance 90 1991–1993
- Vision and illusion of the responsible citizen . Potsdam Latest News , May 8, 2008
Individual evidence
- ↑ Bye-Bye, “Alliance 90” . In: Der Spiegel . No. 38 , 2001 ( online ).