List connection

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In the case of a list connection , several nominations are linked in a proportional representation and are treated as a single election list in the first counting process.

A list association is to be distinguished from a list association or (in the case of local elections ) a joint election proposal in which several parties or groups of voters draw up a joint list.

When allocating, a distinction is made between upper and lower allocation. In the upper allocation, the votes of the lists involved are added up as if it were only one party. In the case of sub-allocation, the seats allocated to the list connection are distributed to the parties involved in the connection using the same procedure. It is conceivable that different allocation methods are used in the two allocation steps.

If the allocation method according to D'Hondt , which prefers large parties, is used in the overall allocation , the chance of several seats increases through a list connection. There are no systematic advantages or disadvantages when using the Hare-Niemeyer method .

List connections in Germany

In several German federal states , list connections are possible in local elections .

In the case of social elections , most lists were received with other list connections.

List connections in the elections to the European Parliament

In the 2009 European elections , there were list connections in the Netherlands, Denmark and Finland.

  • Netherlands: The D'Hondt method is used in the upper allocation , and the Hare / Niemeyer method is used in the sub - allocation
  • Denmark: The D'Hondt method is used in the upper allocation and sub-allocation.
  • Finland: The D'Hondt procedure is used in the upper allocation. In the sub-allocation, a mandate is given to those candidates who have the most preferential votes ( preferential votes ).

List connections in Switzerland

Two-stage

There are two-tier lists in the National Council elections :

  • Several lists can enter into a list connection. These are treated as a single list when assigning mandates.
  • Several lists within a list connection can in turn enter into a sublist connection . A sublist connection is only possible between lists with the same party name, e.g. B. between regional party lists or lists separated by gender or age.

The D'Hondt method is used for the calculation in all distribution steps.

Cantonal exceptions

In the canton of Zurich list connections with the law on political rights (GPR; LS 161) of 2005 were abolished in favor of the allocation method Doppelter Pukelsheim for the canton council elections . In the cantonal council elections in the canton of St. Gallen , only connections from lists from the same party are possible. In March 2010, the canton of Zug abolished the list connections by means of a referendum.

Numerical example

In the 2007 National Council elections there were two National Council seats to be allocated in the canton of Jura . The largest parties achieved the following results (including sublist links):

As expected based on the above results, the first seat went to the Social Democratic Party of Switzerland. The second seat to be awarded was different, however, because it did not go to the second-tier Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP). Because for this election, the Free Democratic Party (FDP) and the Swiss People's Party (SVP) entered into a list connection. Together, these two parties achieved a slightly larger share of the vote than the CVP, at 27.1%. The CVP lost its seat to this list connection. Finally, within the list connection, the slightly stronger SVP received the mandate, although it had only received a little more than half of the votes of the CVP.

General effect of list connections

Up until the National Council elections in 2003, it was assumed that, in the case of list connections, the big parties ( SVP , SP , FDP , CVP ) generally win, while the small parties lose ( GPS , EPP , GLP ).

In 2007 the distribution of 12 seats (6% of the seats) in the Swiss National Council was influenced by list connections. The basic benefit for the large parties was not confirmed: the losers of the list linking strategies were the SVP (−4) and the FDP (−3), while the GPS increased significantly (+4). The CVP, the GLP and the CSP each won one mandate.

List connections in Israel

In parliamentary elections in Israel , a maximum of two lists can be joined together. If both lists overcome the blocking clause of 3.25%, the votes are added together in the overall allocation according to the D'Hondt procedure . Also within the list connection, the seats are distributed according to the D'Hondt method.

Individual evidence

  1. zh.ch: New allocation procedure for parliamentary elections
  2. No more list connections in Zug
  3. Zug abolishes list connections
  4. jura.ch: Élections fédérales ( Memento of the original dated August 31, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / w3.jura.ch
  5. ^ Distribution of Knesset Seats. Retrieved December 12, 2019 .