List Association
A list association is an election proposal that is drawn up jointly by several parties or groups of voters . In local elections, a list association is called a joint nomination .
List associations are not to be confused with list associations in which several nominations are linked in such a way that they are evaluated as a unit in relation to other nominations when allocating seats.
Situation in Germany
Bundestag elections
In federal elections list associations are not allowed. Only (individual) parties are allowed to draw up state lists .
- In the 1990 Bundestag election there was a special right to vote, according to which list associations were possible. The list association Bündnis 90 / Greens - Citizens Movement (B90 / Gr), an alliance of citizen movements and Greens in the new federal states, achieved 6.1% of the second votes in the electoral area East and moved into the Bundestag with eight members .
- For the 2005 election went Linkspartei.PDS and the WASG a an electoral alliance: In the lists of the Left Party representatives as candidates of the WASG. From an electoral point of view, this is not a list association, but an election proposal by the Linkspartei.PDS, as only the representatives of the Linkspartei.PDS were entitled to vote when the lists were drawn up. From the conservative side, this approach was sometimes criticized as inadmissible because it was de facto a list association. With this procedure the prohibition of a list association is undermined, it is therefore not permitted. There is currently no judicial decision on this question, but there are several objections against the federal election.
See also: WASG / PDS candidacy models for the 2005 Bundestag election
- Likewise, in the 2005 Bundestag elections, alliances between the ödp and the family party as well as the NPD and DVU (“ Germany Pact ”) were proposed by the family party and the NPD.
- There was an only partially comparable constellation for the 1953 Bundestag election . Candidates from the center and the CDU ran for candidates on the NRW state list of the German Center Party . The CDU MP Martin Heix from Oberhausen moved into the Bundestag via the list . Here, however, both the center and the CDU ran with state lists. In contrast, the WASG had not made any election proposals competing with the Left Party. Siegfried Zoglmann from the German Union also ran on the CSU list of the 1972 federal election .
State elections
In most federal states , list associations are not permitted in state elections.
In the election to the state parliament of Saxony-Anhalt , parties can join lists. For example, three list associations, in which two to three small parties took part, ran for the 2006 state election .
Parties can also join lists in elections to the Landtag of Brandenburg . For the state elections in 2009 , for example, the Free Voters Germany and the Brandenburg United Citizens Movements / Free Voters ran together as Together for Brandenburg: Free Voters .
Local elections
The local election laws of several federal states allow joint election proposals.
At the district level, mostly only smaller parties submit joint election proposals; at the community level, larger parties are more often involved.
In elections for the mayor , lord mayor or district administrator , there are often joint nominations from lists that run separately for the election of the local parliament. The term list association does not apply to such joint nominations, since a single person is nominated rather than a candidate list.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Falk Heunemann: The cooperation between the PDS and the WASG on the 2005 Bundestag elections. (PDF; 771 kB) January 15, 2006, accessed on March 16, 2008 .
