Christian Democratic People's Party

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Christian Democratic People's Party
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Establishment date: April 22, 1912
Place of foundation: Ruswil
Ideology: Christian Democracy ,
Sociopolitical Conservatism
Presidium: Gerhard Pfister

Gerhard Pfister (National Council, 2015)

Vice Presidium: Ida Glanzmann
Secretary General: Gianna Luzio
Members of the Federal Council: Viola Amherd
Members: 100,000
(as of 2014)
Proportion of women: in the National Council : 28%
in the Council of States : 36.4%
(as of: NR elections 2019)
Share of voters: 11.4%
(as of: NR elections 2019)
National Council:
25/200
Council of States:
13/46
Fraction (BV): Middle group. CVP-EVP-BDP
Group President: Andrea Gmür-Schönenberger
Cantonal parliaments:
404/2609

(As of November 2019)
Cantonal Governments:
38/154

(As of November 2019)
Groupings: CVP Women
Young CVP
Christian Social Party
Working Group Economy and Society
Forum politique suisse
Forum de l'entreprise
Home address: Hirschengraben 9
3011 Bern
International connections: Christian Democratic International
European party: European People's Party (associated)
Website: www.cvp.ch

The CVP Switzerland - Christian Democratic People's Party (Fr .: Parti démocrate-chrétien (PDC), Ital .: Partito Popolare democratico svizzero (PPD), rätorom .: Partida cristiandemocratica Svizra PCD) - is one of the four Swiss government parties and since 1891 Federal represent . In the early days of the Swiss federal state, with its predecessor movements, it was the basin of the Catholic conservative forces and the main opposition to the liberal spirit that dominated the state . However, it is now in the middle of the political spectrum and represents Christian Democratic positions.

Content profile

The position of the CVP in the political spectrum of Switzerland (2007)

The CVP describes itself in its party program as liberal-social, whereby it wants to combine liberal principles with the guarantee of basic social rights in the sense of the so-called social market economy . The CVP sees itself as a representative for families and small and medium-sized companies. It also wants to strengthen medium-sized businesses.

The expansion of the party into the reformed cantons, in which the CVP pursues what it sees as a social and liberal policy, contrasts with the traditional role of the CVP as a state-supporting party in the Catholic home countries ( Central Switzerland , Valais , Ticino ); there the voter base is still made up of rather conservative citizens. Another reason is the dominance of the party in its home countries - in the canton of Lucerne it had three out of five members of the government until 2005, in Valais it is still the case - which forces a consensus course.

Main political issues

As a state-sponsoring party, the CVP sees itself as the central bridge-builder in Switzerland's federal system, which is based on compromise and concordance. Politics should be solution-oriented and future-oriented. The CVP's ​​policy covers all topics relevant to state policy (education and research, family, agriculture, public services and transport, security and state policy and law), but in the 2019 election year it will focus on the following areas:

  • Health : The CVP wants to counteract the high and rising costs of the health care system with a cost brake initiative. The party states that 20% or 6 billion francs of the costs can be saved in the compulsory basic insurance without any loss of quality. The initiative is intended to relieve all premium payers, in particular small and medium-sized businesses and families. This is to be implemented, among other things, through lower drug prices, more outpatient instead of inpatient treatments and the advance installation of the electronic patient record.
  • Climate and environment : In 1971, at the initiative of the CVP, the environmental article was included in the federal constitution. Today the party calls for the use of domestic and renewable energy sources, the expansion of cleantech and a handy CO 2 law for the consistent implementation of the energy transition.
  • Foreign policy : The CVP calls for a Switzerland that is neutral and sovereign, but not isolated. To this end, it demands close economic and socially sustainable relationships with partners and, above all, a self-confident demeanor towards the EU, especially during the required renegotiations on the institutional framework agreement.
  • Social services : In order to guarantee secure pensions in the future, the CVP calls for reforms to the AHV and the second pillar as well as a flexible retirement age, whereby the reference age of women should be aligned with that of men. This demand is supported by the CVP women with the link between equal pay and that the costs should not be borne by women. In order to further relieve the social welfare works, the CVP also demands better financial compensation for family carers. To implement this requirement, representatives of the CVP initiated a new federal law on the improvement of the reconciliation of gainful employment and caring for relatives. Further measures relating to social welfare services concern the prevention of abuse and reforms in the financing of the second pillar.
  • Sustainable economy : The CVP takes the perspective that only an economic policy that is growth-friendly and based on solidarity creates prosperity. She advocates low-cost childcare, two weeks of paternity leave, equal pay and flexible work models for a better work-life balance. In the so-called family initiative, the CVP fought for child and education allowances to be exempt from taxes. In addition, tax disadvantages for married couples and in registered couples are to be eliminated. The party has campaigned for this with a popular initiative. The CVP sees itself as the party that strengthens small and medium-sized enterprises and SMEs. The latter should benefit from optimal framework conditions in order to continue to grow and to be able to offer high-quality vocational training. The CVP also advocates strengthening the Swiss financial center and making use of the opportunities offered by the digital future.
  • Migration : The party focuses on the rapid and sustainable social integration of migrants admitted to Switzerland. In doing so, the CVP wants to preserve the Swiss values ​​of living together and to hold discussions about these values ​​with people from other cultures. At the same time, targeted development aid in the countries of origin is intended to reduce the number of people seeking help. The aim of the measures is an asylum policy that does not allow abuse.

Party organs

  • Assembly of delegates: The highest body at federal level is the assembly of delegates (party congress), in which the cantonal parties are represented. They define party politics and elect the officials at the federal level.
  • Party executive committee : The leading and executive organ of the party is the executive committee. This consists of the members of the party presidium, five members of the parliamentary group, two people per recognized association and one woman and one man per cantonal party.
  • Presidium: The Presidium of CVP Switzerland consists of the following people:
Party president Gerhard Pfister
Vice-President Ida Glanzmann-Hunkeler , Charles Juillard
President of the Center Group. CVP-EVP-BDP Andrea Gmür-Schönenberger
Other members of the presidium Marianne Binder-Keller , Pirmin Bischof , Martin Candinas , Filippo Lombardi , Stefan Müller-Altermatt , Tino Schneider , Elisabeth Schneider-Schneiter , Anne Seydoux-Christe
  • General Secretariat: The General Secretary is Gianna Luzio .

Representation in government and parliaments

  • Bundesrat: The CVP has always been represented in the Bundesrat since 1891 . CVP Federal Councilor Viola Amherd is currently Switzerland's first female defense minister as Head of the Federal Department of Defense, Civil Protection and Sport (DDPS).
  • Federal Chancellor Walter Thurnheer
  • Parliamentary parliamentary group : All incumbent National Councilors and Councilors of States of the CVP (40), EPP (2) and CSP (1) were represented in this group. With 43 seats, it was the fourth largest parliamentary group in the federal council. Of these, 29 seats went to the National Council and 14 to the Council of States. The CVP was thus the strongest party in the Council of States; the parliamentary group was led by parliamentary group president Filippo Lombardi and vice-parliamentary group president Leo Müller . The successor parliamentary group is the middle parliamentary group. CVP-EVP-BDP , which has been led by Andrea Gmür-Schönenberger since 2020 .
  • Cantonal governments: the CVP has 38 government councilors in a total of 22 cantons. This corresponds to 24.7% of all seats.
  • Cantonal parliaments: It is represented in all cantonal parliaments with a total of 414 mandates. This corresponds to 15.9% of all seats.


Associations of the CVP

The CVP has the following associations:

Cantonal Sections

Cantonal Section president
Results of the National Council elections 2019 		Mandates in the National Council Mandates in the Council of States
Kanton Aargau CVP Canton Aargau Marianne Binder-Keller 9.9% Ruth Humbel Näf
Marianne Binder-Keller 		-
Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden CVP Canton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden Claudia Frischknecht 0- - -
Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden CVP Canton of Appenzell Innerrhoden Ruedi Angehrn 35.7% Thomas Rechsteiner Ivo Bischofberger
Canton of Basel-Country CVP Canton of Basel-Country Silvio Armando Fareri 8.5% Elisabeth Schneider-Schneiter -
Canton of Basel-Stadt CVP Canton of Basel-Stadt Courtship Herter 4.6% - -
Canton Bern CVP Canton of Bern Alexandra Perina-Werz 1.9% - -
Canton of Friborg CVP Canton of Friborg André Schoenenweid 17.8% Marie-France Roth Pasquier
Christine Bulliard-Marbach 		-
Canton of Geneva CVP Canton of Geneva Sébastien Desfayes 7.7% Vincent Maitre -
Canton of Glarus CVP Canton of Glarus Peter Landolt-Fischli 0- - -
canton of Grisons CVP Canton of Graubünden Stefan Engler 16.3% Martin Candinas Stefan Engler
Canton of Jura CVP Canton of Jura Martial Courtet 22.5% Jean-Paul Gschwind Anne Seydoux-Christe
Canton lucerne CVP Canton of Lucerne Christian Ineichen 25.5% Priska Wismer-Felder
Ida Glanzmann-Hunkeler
Leo Müller 		Andrea Gmür
Canton of Neuchâtel CVP Canton Neuchâtel Vincent Pahud 4.2% - -
Canton of Nidwalden CVP Canton of Nidwalden Therese Rotzer 35.8% - -
Canton of Obwalden CVP Canton Obwalden Christoph Amstad-Bucher
Bruno von Rotz 		36.7% - Erich Ettlin
Canton of Schaffhausen CVP Canton Schaffhausen Marco Rutz 2.1% - -
Canton of Schwyz CVP Canton Schwyz Andreas Meyerhans 18.4% Alois Gmür Othmar Reichmuth
Canton of Solothurn CVP Canton of Solothurn Sandra Kolly-Altermatt 14.2% Stefan Müller-Altermatt Pirmin Bishop
Canton of St. Gallen CVP Canton of St. Gallen Patrick Dürr 18.8% Nicolo Paganini
Markus Ritter 		Benedict Würth
Canton of Ticino CVP Canton Ticino Giovanni Jelmini 18.2% Fabio Regazzi
Marco Romano 		-
Canton of Thurgau CVP Canton Thurgau Gallus Müller 12.7% Christian Lohr Brigitte Häberli-Koller
Canton of Uri CVP Canton of Uri Frieda Steffen 39.2% Simon Stadler Heidi Z'graggen
Canton of Vaud CVP Canton of Vaud Claude Béglé
Axel Marion 		2.4% - -
Canton of Valais CVP Canton of Valais Anton Andenmatten (Upper Valais)
Serge Metrailler (Lower Valais) 		34.8% Sidney Kamerzin
Benjamin Roduit
Philipp Matthias Bregy 		Beat Rieder
Marianne Maret
Canton of Zug CVP Canton of Zug Martin Pfister 23.8% Gerhard Pfister Peter Hegglin
Canton Zurich CVP Canton of Zurich Nicole Baradun-Gross 4.4% Philipp Kutter -
Remarks
  1. ↑ The cantonal party is divided into four subsections: CVP Oberwallis , CVP Mittelwallis, CVP Unterwallis and CSP Oberwallis

history

Catholics in the Kulturkampf

Josef Leu
Josef Zemp

The Gasthaus Rossli in Ruswil , representatives of conservative Popular Movement 1840 peasant leader Josef Leu of Ebersol , the Ruswiler declaration that opposed the liberal zeitgeist. A little later, the " Ruswiler Verein " was founded in the same tavern , which later became the Catholic Conservative Party, which throughout the 19th century took a church-friendly and a federalist stance in the cultural struggle . The Catholic Conservatives were defeated in the Sonderbund War of 1847 and subsequently found themselves in clear opposition to the liberal majority in the federal state founded in 1848.

In contrast to the situation in the state as a whole dominated Catholic - Conservative politics in the rural Catholic cantons of central Switzerland , in Valais and Friborg , while in the Ticino gave a lengthy power struggle with the liberals. Like the Liberals, the Catholic Conservatives had neither a formal organizational statute nor a program. In 1882 the parliamentary group was officially founded. Attempts to found a national party (1874 “ Association conservatrice suisse ” by Abbé Joseph Schorderet and Theodor Scherer-Boccard , 1881 “ Conservative Union ” by Josef Zemp and Julius Schnyder von Wartensee , 1894 “ Catholic People's Party ” by Anton Augustin and Ernst Feigenwinter ) failed For decades on the federal structure of Switzerland and the differences in the Catholic-conservative camp.

The process of integrating the Catholic Conservatives into the liberal federal state began at the end of the 19th century. After several victories by the Catholic Conservatives, which they had won in various alliances, the liberals and radicals realized that their policy of isolation could no longer be maintained. In addition, with the rise of social democracy, they preferred a solidarity between the bourgeoisie . On December 17, 1891, Josef Zemp, a Catholic conservative, was elected to the Federal Council for the first time . Another important development at the turn of the century was that in addition to the traditional rural Catholic wing, a Christian social workers wing emerged, which found particularly strong support from Catholics who had emigrated to Protestant cantons, where the party was able to establish itself for the first time.

Catholic Conservatives in the interwar period

Election
year 		Share of
voters 		National Council Council of States
1919 21.0%
41/189
17/44
1922 21.0%
44/198
17/44
1925 20.9%
42/198
18/44
1928 21.4%
46/198
18/44
1931 21.4%
44/187
18/44
1935 20.3%
42/187
19/44
1939 17.0% 1
43/187
18/44
1943 20.8%
43/194
19/44
1947 21.2%
44/194
18/44
1951 22.5%
48/196
18/44
1955 23.2%
47/196
17/44
1959 23.3%
47/196
17/44
1963 23.4%
48/200
18/44
1967 22.1%
45/200
18/44
1971 20.3%
44/200
17/44
1975 21.1%
46/200
17/44
1979 21.3%
44/200
18/46
1983 20.2%
42/200
18/46
1987 19.7%
42/200
19/46
1991 18.0%
37/200
16/46
1995 16.8%
34/200
16/46
1999 15.8%
35/200
15/46
2003 14.4%
29/200
15/46
2007 14.5%
31/200
15/46
2011 12.3%
29/200
13/46
2015 11.6%
28/200
13/46
2019 11.4%
25/200
13/46
1Meaningfulness limited, as silent voting in 9 cantons.

In 1912, the " Swiss Conservative People's Party " (KVP) was founded in the Hôtel Union in Lucerne , the Catholic Conservatives were thus linked for the first time in a formal Swiss organization, which in 1919 received a second seat in the Federal Council with Jean-Marie Musy . With the founding of the Christian Social Workers' Union in 1919, the Christian Social Workers' and White-collar Workers' Movement gained in importance in the party, which had previously been peasant, industrial and small-town. In the interwar period, models of an “authoritarian democracy” and even corporate state ideas found a certain support within the Conservative People's Party . The climax of this tendency was the so-called revision initiative , which was launched by parts of the Catholic conservatives together with the right-wing extremist fronts . After the clear rejection of this request in the referendum in 1935, the corporatist movement subsided again.

In the mid-1930s, the class struggle between the bourgeoisie and the social democrats took a back seat under the pressure of fascism and led to a political normality between the ruling bourgeois parties - FDP, KVP and BGB - and the social democrats. In 1943 the Liberals lost the government majority in the Federal Council. In the same year, the CIP received the post of Federal Chancellor for the first time .

Bloom in the 1950s and renewal

Supported by the political climate of the post-war period, the conservatives experienced a high point in the 1950s: They provided the largest parliamentary delegation in their history, and from 1954 to 1958 the party occupied a third seat in the Federal Council, which they did, however, as part of the integration of the Social Democrats in 1959 The Swiss system of government gave up again and was guided by the magic formula . With 23.4 percent in the Swiss parliamentary elections in 1963 , the party achieved the best result in its party history.

CVP signet after 1970

In 1957, the Conservative People's Party was renamed “ Conservative-Christian Social People's Party ” (KCV), as the state party comprised conservative or Christian social cantonal parties depending on the canton. After the Second Vatican Council from 1962 to 1965, the party called for adjustment to the changed society and the KCV implemented a programmatic opening that led to the party reforms of 1970/1971. The new center party often formed a coalition with the Social Democrats in social policy and with the Liberals in economic and financial policy , while it represented Christian conservative positions in cultural and church policy . A new name for the party was also sought during the reforms: some suggested the “ Christian Democratic Union ”, while other forces wanted to break out of the “ Catholic ghetto ” and suggested the name “ Swiss People's Party ”. (Today's Swiss People's Party was only founded a year later). In 1970 the decision was finally made to use the current name « Christian Democratic People's Party ». In the following decades the CVP was able to maintain its share of the vote, but the dissolution of the Catholic milieu , once the unifying bracket of the party, caused increasing problems.

Decline in the proportion of voters and loss of a Federal Council seat

Share of voters of the KVP / KCV / CVP since 1919 (excluding 1939 )
25%
20%
15%
10%
5%
0%

Although the CVP assumed a dominant position in its home countries, the former Sonderbund cantons of Lucerne , Friborg , Wallis , Uri , Schwyz , Obwalden , Nidwalden and Zug and (since the beginning of the 20th century) in the canton of St. Gallen , it came from the 1980s Years of erosion caused by secularization, social mobility, the affluent society and the dissolution of the Catholic milieu. From 1980 onwards, the decline in the number of regular voters led to a steady decline in the results achieved in the federal elections. In the 1990s and early 2000s in particular, many conservative voters from their rural homeland were lured away by the national-conservative SVP .

In the Federal Council election on December 10, 2003 , the ultimate demand by the Swiss People's Party for a second seat for its candidate Christoph Blocher broke the magic formula for the composition of the Federal Council . For the first time in a long time, a member of the Federal Council was no longer confirmed by the United Federal Assembly in a campaign election with the election of incumbent Federal Councilor Ruth Metzler-Arnold . Christoph Blocher was elected in her place. So Joseph Deiss remained as the only CVP representative in the Federal Council.

Recent developments

Party strength of the CVP in the 2019 National Council elections

Under the leadership of its President and later Federal Councilor Doris Leuthard , the CVP was able to temporarily halt its decline in the mid-2000s. Swiss media spoke of the Leuthard Effect . In the Swiss parliamentary elections in 2007 , the CVP was able to slightly improve its share of the vote. The CVP then formed a joint parliamentary group with the glp and the EPP for the 48th legislative period of the National Council (after the glp itself reached parliamentary strength in 2011, it became the CVP / EPP parliamentary group of the Federal Assembly ). A strengthening of the political center, combined with a claim to leadership in this, was cited as the basis for this. As a result, the CVP also worked in various cantons and municipalities with the EPP and glp as well as with the BDP , which was founded in 2008 as an SVP spin-off .

The CVP has been losing votes again since the beginning of the 2010s. In the Swiss parliamentary elections in 2015 , the CVP received 11.6% of the vote and won 27 seats in the National Council and 13 Council of States, in those of 2019 11.4% of the vote, 25 national and again 13 seats in the Council of States. In terms of voter shares, the CVP was in fifth place behind the Greens for the first time in 2019, but it was able to with the new central parliamentary group. CVP-EPP-BDP form the third largest parliamentary group in the National Council. This was founded because the BDP had lost its parliamentary group strength in the 2019 elections. The CVP remains the strongest force in the Council of States.

Election results

year SwitzerlandSwitzerland 
National
Council 		Cantonal parliaments
Canton ZurichCanton Zurich 
ZH 		Canton BernCanton Bern 
BE 		Canton lucerneCanton lucerne 
LU 		Canton of UriCanton of Uri 
UR 		Canton of SchwyzCanton of Schwyz 
SZ 		Canton of ObwaldenCanton of Obwalden 
OW 		Canton of NidwaldenCanton of Nidwalden 
NW 		Canton of GlarusCanton of Glarus 
GL 		Canton of ZugCanton of Zug 
ZG 		Canton of FriborgCanton of Friborg 
FR 		Canton of SolothurnCanton of Solothurn 
SO 		Canton of Basel-StadtCanton of Basel-Stadt 
BS 		Canton of Basel-CountryCanton of Basel-Country 
BL 		Canton of SchaffhausenCanton of Schaffhausen 
SH 		Canton of Appenzell AusserrhodenCanton of Appenzell Ausserrhoden 
AR 		Canton of Appenzell InnerrhodenCanton of Appenzell Innerrhoden 
AI 		Canton of St. GallenCanton of St. Gallen 
SG 		canton of Grisonscanton of Grisons 
GR 		Kanton AargauKanton Aargau 
AG 		Canton of ThurgauCanton of Thurgau 
TG 		Canton of TicinoCanton of Ticino 
TI 		Canton of VaudCanton of Vaud 
VD 		Canton of ValaisCanton of Valais 
VS 		Canton of NeuchâtelCanton of Neuchâtel 
NE 		Canton of GenevaCanton of Geneva 
GE 		Canton of JuraCanton of Jura 
JU
2007 14.5 7.2 37.3 12.1 * * 23.2 2.1
2008 34.7 29.8 9.3 5.1 26.1 15.9
2009 20.8 15.0 48.5 3.2 9.9
2010 1.3 33.8 31.1 10.7 26.5 * 28.9
2011 12.3 4.9 31.1 26.6 9.3 4.2 * 20.5
2012 36.6 29.1 7.3 4.9 23.0 13.3 14.2 2.9
2013 18.4 43.8 2.7 10.6
2014 0.8 32.1 29.1 8.9 26.8 *
2015 11.6 4.9 30.9 9.6 6.0 * 18.6 26.8
2016 31.3 27.2 23.7 5.9 3.7 20.4 12.1 13.4
2017 18.9 2.2 41.7 2.7
2018 0.4 29.8 26.8 9.4 25.6 * 10.7
2019 11.4 4.3 27.5 9.8 4.4 * 17.6
2020 30.9 24.0 ... ... 22.1 ... 13.6 ...
Legend: * - Landsgemeinde or major elections / community assemblies in several / all constituencies; ... - zuk. Elections in the current year; italic - missed entry into parliament; Election results in percent; Source:

people

Party presidents

The following politicians were or are party presidents of the Conservative People's Party, the Conservative-Christian-Social People's Party and the Christian-Democratic People's Party.

Group presidents

The following people were or are parliamentary group presidents of the CVP parliamentary group of the Federal Assembly.

General Secretaries

The following persons were or are as General Secretary of the CVP.

Federal Councilors

The following politicians were or are members of the CVP as Federal Councilors .

literature

  • Urs Altermatt : The Swiss Catholics' Way into the Ghetto. The history of the origins of the national popular organizations in Swiss Catholicism 1848–1919. 2nd Edition. Benziger, Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-545-25031-8 .
  • Urs Altermatt: CVP. From the Catholic milieu party to the party of the middle class. In: The parties in motion. Neighborhood and conflict. Verlag Neue Zürcher Zeitung, Zurich 2013, ISBN 978-3-03823-846-1 , pp. 21–48.
  • Ludwig Zurbriggen: CVP and the social center. Social capital, coalitions and symbolic practice of the CVP. Rüegger, Zurich 2004, ISBN 3-7253-0762-8 .
  • 100 years of CVP. Festschrift for the anniversary. Special edition Die Politik , (online) , October 2012.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Rafael von Matt: Parties in Switzerland - The lurching CVP is looking for a new course. In: SRF News. SRG SSR, March 12, 2018, accessed on May 31, 2020 .
  2. ↑ The Confederation in Brief 2014. (PDF; 14821 kB) (No longer available online.) Swiss Federal Chancellery, February 28, 2014, archived from the original on August 9, 2014 ; Retrieved April 22, 2014 .
  3. ^ History of the Federal Council. Retrieved March 9, 2019 .
  4. ↑ CVP Switzerland: Mission Statement. (PDF) Retrieved March 9, 2019 .
  5. ^ CVP Switzerland: CVP Ambassador. Retrieved August 23, 2019 .
  6. ↑ Further topics. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 22, 2019 .
  7. ↑ Cost control initiative “For lower premiums - cost control in the health care system”. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 22, 2019 .
  8. ↑ Ueli Haefeli-Waser: Environmental protection. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland. Swiss Academy of Humanities and Social Sciences, January 14, 2014, accessed on August 24, 2019 .
  9. ↑ a b Foreign Policy. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 12, 2019 .
  10. ^ Social works. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 21, 2019 .
  11. ^ CVP women: CVP women. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved July 24, 2019 .
  12. ^ Message on the Federal Act on Improving the Compatibility of Employment and Care for Relatives. (PDF) In: Admin. Swiss Federal Council, May 22, 2019, accessed on July 22, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Sustainable Economy. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 30, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Migration. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved August 13, 2019 .
  15. ↑ Party Presidium. In: CVP Switzerland. Retrieved January 17, 2020 .
  16. ↑ Switzerland has a defense minister for the first time. TagesAnzeiger, December 10, 2018, accessed October 31, 2019 .
  17. ^ CVP Switzerland: Our government councilors. Retrieved October 31, 2019 .
  18. ^ Federal Statistical Office: Cantonal government elections. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on October 31, 2019 .
  19. ^ Federal Statistical Office: Cantonal parliamentary elections. Federal Statistical Office, May 19, 2019, accessed on October 31, 2019 .
  20. ↑ Mike Bacher: The long way to founding a party . In: Die Politik (Ed.): Die Politik . Bern October 2012, p. 4/5 .
  21. ↑ a b Mike Bacher: The long way to founding a party . In: Die Politik (Ed.): Die Politik . Bern October 2012, p. 6 .
  22. ^ Rudolf Hofer: 1912 . In: Die Politik (Ed.): Die Politik . Bern October 2012, p. 7 .
  23. ↑ Urs Altermatt : Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP). In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz ., Chapter The CVP as a ruling party , accessed on August 26, 2013.
  24. ↑ Urs Altermatt: Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP). In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz ., Accessed on August 26, 2013.
  25. ↑ a b Urs Altermatt: Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP). In: Historisches Lexikon der Schweiz ., Chapter Anchoring and Development , accessed on August 26, 2013.
  26. ↑ Alois Hartmann : Renewal Process . In: Die Politik (Ed.): Die Politik . Bern October 2012, p. 13 .
  27. ^ Christian Democratic People's Party (CVP). (PDF; 174 kB) In: Année politique Suisse. Institute for Political Science - University of Bern, p. 24 , accessed on August 26, 2013 .
  28. ↑ National Council elections: Overview Switzerland 2007. Federal Statistical Office, accessed on August 21, 2013 .
  29. ^ Federal Statistical Office: Cantonal parliamentary elections: party strengths with allocation of mixed lists to the parties