Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë

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Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë
Party logo
Party leader Lulzim Basha
Party presidency Lulzim Basha
Secretary General Arben Ristani
vice-chairman Edi Paloka
Edmond Spaho
Spokeswoman Ina Zhupa
Honorary Chairman Sali Berisha
founding December 12, 1990
Place of foundation Tirana
Headquarters Tirana
Youth organization Forumi Rinor i Partisë Demokratike (FRPD)
newspaper Rilindja Demokratie
Affiliate foundation Fondacioni për Liri dhe Demokraci
Political ideology conservatism
Colours) blue
Parliament seats
43/140
Government grants 87.274.533 ALL (as of 2017)
Number of members around 105,000 (as of 2014)
International connections Christian Democratic International
International Democratic Union
European party European People's Party (associated)
Website www.pd.al

The Partia Demokratike e Shqipërisë , Albanian for Democratic Party of Albania (acronym PDSh , or Partia Demokratie for short - acronym PD ), is one of the two major parties that shape the political image in Albania . Lulzim Basha has been the party chairman since 2013 .

Ideology and political spectrum

The PD emerged as anti-communist coalition movement during the fall of the Stalinist regimes at the University in Tirana . She was the first party to other parties for marketing authorization was established in previous party state, and oriented themselves in opposition to the Socialists in the " right middle " and sought support among the conservative and Christian Democratic parties in Europe.

The Partia Demokratike is associated with the European People's Party .

structure

organs

The organs of the Democratic Party are the party presidium as an administrative organ, the secretariat and the departments as a strategic organ, the party congress of fundamental decisions and the National Council to manage the activities of the party and to elect the secretariat.

Party congress

The party congress determines the basic lines of PD policy, adopts the party program and decides on the statute and elects the National Council.

Party headquarters

The presidium consists of a president, two vice-presidents, a general secretary, six secretaries, 22 heads of department, 10 chairmen of the parliamentary group, a chairman of the youth forum and a spokeswoman. The president is elected by the members of the party. The party president is Lulzim Basha .

office

The secretariat consists of a general secretary and six secretaries. The secretariat is elected by the National Council.

Departments

The 22 departments are elected by the National Council.

National Council

The National Council consists of 150 members. They are elected by the party congress.

Data from the district associations

District association Result of the parliamentary elections in Albania 2017
Advises Advises 20.26%
Bulqizë Bulqiza 32.70%
Delvinë Delvina 16.30%
Devil Devil 48.09%
Diber Dibra 25.91%
Durrës Durrës 1 27.54% without shijak
Elbasan Elbasan 21.90%
Fier Fier 1 25.09%, excluding Patos and Roskovec
Gramsh Gramsh 13.25%
Gjirokastër Gjirokastra 26.07%
Has Has Kruma 50.23%
Kavajë Kavaja 33.34%
Kolonjë Kolonja 17.21%
Korçë Korça 30.53%
Krujë Kruja 1 35.31%, excluding Fushë-Kruja , Bubq and Kodër Thumanë
Fushë-Krujë Fushë-Kruja 1 32.78%, excluding Kruja , Nikël and Cudhi
Kukës Kukës 40.94%
Kuçovë Kuçova 20.74%
Kurbin Kurbin 41.67%
Lezhë Lezha 36.79%
Librazhd Librazhd 17.34%
Lushnjë Lushnja 23.85%
Mallakastër Mallakastra 30.36%
Mat Mat 31.73%
Malesi e Madhë Malësia e Madhe 34.96%
Mirditë Mirdita 33.17%
Patos Patos 1 27.35%, excluding Fier
Peqin Peqin 23.20%
Përmet Përmet 25.31%
Puka Puka 20.76%
Pogradec Pogradec 30.64%
Sarandë Saranda 21.80%
Skrapar Skrapar 5.89%
Shkodër Shkodra 38.81%
Shijak Shijak 1 28.92%, excluding Durrës
Tepelenë Tepelena 18.66%
Tropojë Tropoja 59.53%
Vlorë Vlora 17.50%
Association of municipalities in Tirana County Result of the parliamentary elections in Albania 2017
Tirana 1 Tirana 1
Tirana 2 Tirana 2
Tirana 3 Tirana 3
Tirana 4 Tirana 4
Tirana 5 Tirana 5
Tirana 6 Tirana 6
Tirana 7 Tirana 7
Tirana 8 Tirana 8
Tirana 9 Tirana 9
Tirana 10 Tirana 10
Tirana 11 Tirana 11
Tirana 12 Tirana 12
Tirana 12 Tirana 13
Kamëz Kamza 50.39%
Pakuqan Paskuqan 45.27%
1Not a whole circle ; there are two district associations in one district.

Party finance

The total income of the PD in 2016 was 57,179,867 Lek. State funds are one of the PD's main sources of income.

PD revenue in 2016 ALLES proportion of
State funds 57,179,867 100%
Membership fees 0 0%
sponsor 0 0%
Mandate holder contributions and similar regular contributions 0 0%
Other revenue 0 0%
total ≈ 57,179,867 100%

history

The party was founded on December 12, 1990 by a group of students and intellectuals including Azem Hajdari , Sali Berisha , Gramoz Pashko , Arben Imami , Aleksandër Meksi and Eduard Selami . The aim was to fight for human rights, political pluralism, freedom of religion, freedom of expression and for a better Albania and an orientation towards the West and Europe. It was the first opposition party to have allowed political pluralism in Albania. Azem Hajdari was elected chairman of the Democratic Party's initiative committee, later Sali Berisha.

For the first time, the party took part in parliamentary elections in March 1991 . She got 75 out of 250 seats. Since the time before the election was limited, there was no time to organize and make the party known to broad sections of the population, so that it remained in the opposition for the time being.

In the parliamentary elections on March 22, 1992, the Democratic Party won an absolute majority of the seats in parliament. Until 1997 she provided the president with Sali Berisha and the prime minister with Aleksandër Meksi . During this time, the government implemented a series of reforms aimed at liberalizing the country, building a free market economy, ensuring the rule of law, and consolidating a democratic electoral system. In its opening to the outside world, it concluded hundreds of cooperation agreements with European and other countries. In 1993 Albania signed the Partnership for Peace treaty and in 1995 it joined the Council of Europe .

The Democratic Party won the parliamentary elections on May 26, 1996 with an absolute majority. But the socialists accused Berisha of having rigged the elections massively in favor of his party and thus having achieved victory. In connection with the so-called lottery uprising , massive unrest broke out in 1997, which led to the overthrow of the government and new elections. In the parliamentary elections in June 1997, the PD was defeated and had to go into the opposition.

Protests resumed in 1998 after Azem Hajdari was shot dead on September 12th. The PD accused the socialists and their leaders of the attack and called for all those guilty to be punished. In February 2002, five people, including one of the assassins, were sentenced to long prison terms by a court in Tirana for murder.

The party also lost the 2001 general election.

Sali Berisha (2006)

The general election of July 2005 won the PD with the coalition of Republicans and smaller parties. With Sali Berisha, she was Prime Minister from 2005 to 2013. Internal party disputes resulted in members of the PD breaking up and forming their own parties. This includes the newly founded Partia Demokratike e Re (Alb. For "New Democratic Party"), which won four seats in the parliamentary elections in July 2005, but has not been represented in parliament since 2009. The government of the Democratic Party and its allies arrested wanted criminals and initiated a series of economic reforms such as the establishment of a flat tax of 10% for all individuals and companies.

On June 28, 2009, the PD won the election again. The government was founded in coalition with, among others, the social democratic LSI , a splinter party led by the former socialist prime minister Ilir Meta . During the government of the Democratic Party and its allies, more than 10,000 kilometers of roads were built, connecting more than 900 villages in 169 parishes to the national road network. The largest road construction project in Albania's history was the Durrës – Kukës motorway , also known as the “Road of the Nation”, which is the first fast connection from the centers on the coast through the mountains in the northeast to Kosovo. For the first time in the history of Albania, the Democratic Party government managed to secure an uninterrupted supply of electricity for Albanian citizens.

The Democratic Party government was able to achieve the conditions for Albania's NATO membership and Albania became a member on April 2, 2009. The country was also able to meet all the conditions and criteria of the European Union for the liberalization of the visa regime. After the approval of this decision by the European Parliament on December 15, 2010, it came into force.

In 2012, after the end of his term as President Bamir Topi and a few other party colleagues separated from the PD and founded the New Democratic Wind (Alb. Fryma e Re Demokratie ) as an opposition . In the 2013 parliamentary election , however, his party failed because of the five percent threshold.

In 2013, the Democratic Party as part of the Alliance for Prosperity, Employment and Integration lost the majority in the 2013 parliamentary elections and is therefore a new member of the opposition . After the election failure, the longtime leader Sali Berisha resigned from office as prime minister and party chairman of the PD. This was a novelty, as Berisha and his government carried out a peaceful change of government for the first time in Albania without boycotts, protests or even deaths. Lulzim Basha was elected as the new party chairman .

In 2014, the Democrats suspected the government of knowing about illegal drug shipments by a small plane using the military infrastructure. In May, a small plane with marijuana was found in Divjaka . For this reason, the PD had called protests, which they asked Edi Rama to resign. The opposition had also had reservations about the Lazarat action . The violence in parliament against Gent Strazimiri led the Democrats to boycott parliament.

In 2015, the PD campaigned for a decriminalization law. As a result of a scandal by socialist Tom Doshi, who had published a video showing a connection between Ilir Meta and an assassin, the PD called for Ilir Meta's resignation. This situation turned into protests. The scandal continued with the socialist Mark Frroku, to whom he was also implicated in this case; in Belgium he was additionally charged as a murderer. As a result of these scandals, the Democrats put pressure on the government to pass the decriminalization law in order to prevent such scandals and to give additional support to judicial reform. In addition, the Democrats were ready to accept a new judicial reform, which corresponded to the recommendations of the Venice Commission. The PD still lost the 2015 local elections . This first accepted the result until the international election observers had determined that votes had been bought in the elections. The Democrats continued to call for the resignation of Ilir Meta, Saimir Tahiri and Ilir Beqaj due to several scandals. They went in the protests.

In 2016, the Democrats maintained their position in judicial reform against a dependency of the judiciary on the government and international institutions and in favor of a mandatory 3/5 majority and 2/3 majority for the relevant institutions in parliament. This led to months of hard arguments with the government. Nevertheless, through international mediation with the government, the PD reached a compromise on the judicial reform recommended by the Venice Commission . This reform should make an important contribution in the fight against corruption and organized crime. International reports have identified an increase in marijuana in Albania. The PD did not rule out a connection between the government and the mafia, so they called for the resignation of Edi Rama and Saimir Tahiri.

In 2017, the Democratic Party protested for 90 days, boycotted parliament and did not nominate candidates for the parliamentary elections . She accused the government of being involved in organized crime and not guaranteeing free and fair elections. There were fears that the chaotic electoral rolls could lead to massive electoral fraud. She called for a technical government, while the government alleged that judicial reform was being prevented by the PD. The political crisis was brought to an end by a compromise proposal by the EU and the USA, which essentially contains points proposed by the German European politician David McAllister . According to this, the post of deputy head of government as well as four ministerial posts and the chairmanship of the state election commission are to be filled by non-party persons who are proposed by the opposition. The voters should also use their biometric data to confirm their identity at the polling station. The PD lost the 2017 parliamentary elections . Vote buying was also found in these elections. Lulzim Basha did not change the view he had before the elections. With his position he was able to claim another mandate as party chairman. The PD demanded through the new events that Saimir Tahiri had to resign and be arrested. A drug trafficker who was related to Saimir Tahiri was arrested in the events. Tahiri had also sold his vehicle to his relative, which was also used to transport the drugs. In December the PD protested against the election of the provisional attorney general because it was unconstitutional. For the PD, it was certain that the elections would be bought through drug trafficking, which brought the PS to victory.

In 2018, the PD supported the civil protests for the protection of the national theater, for the legitimate compensation of the Tirana bypass road for all affected buildings and the student protests against the high tariffs. The PD accused the government of corruption in the Tirana bypass project. The Democrats accused the government of overriding the Constitutional Court by manipulating the judicial reform process, which currently consists of vacant judges.

Development of PD in Parliament
year Number of
MPs		 Seats of
parliament		 Share of PD
1991 75 250 30%
1992 92 140 65%
1996 122 140 87%
1997 29 155 19%
2001 32 140 23%
2005 56 140 40%
2009 68 140 49%
2013 50 140 36%
2017 43 140 31%

people

Party presidents

Presidents with party membership in the PD

The following politician was a member of the PD as president or until their election.

Prime ministers with party membership in the PD

The following politician was a member of the PD as Prime Minister .

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Joniada Koçi: Ristani sekretar i Përgjithshëm i PD, Basha shkel statutin. In: Shqiptarja.com. November 30, 2014, Retrieved October 7, 2017 (Albanian).
  2. ↑ PD: Ikën Oriela Nebiaj, ja kush është zëdhënësja e re e selisë blu. In: Shqiptarja.com. January 22, 2016, accessed on October 7, 2017 (Albanian): “Kryetari i Partisë Demokratie, Lulzim Basha ka emëruar sot në detyrën e zëdhënëses së Partisë, Dr.Ina Zhupa e cila ka zëvëndësuar Oriela Nebiaj qor në partisë Demokratike ishte candidates. "
  3. ↑ Berisha, kryetar nderi i PD - Më parë ka qënë Azem Hajdari. In: Shqiptarja.com. June 29, 2013, accessed on October 7, 2017 (Albanian): "Kryetari në detyrë i Partisë Demokratike Sali Berisha pritet të jetë kryetar nderi i kësaj partie."
  4. ^ Wolfram Nordsieck: Parties and Elections in Europe - Albania. In: Parties-and-elections.eu. 2017, accessed on October 7, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Demokratët - Statuti i Partisë Demokratike. In: Demokratieet.al. 2017, archived from the original on October 7, 2017 ; Retrieved on October 7, 2017 (Albanian): "Party statute, paragraph 5"
  6. ↑ Zgjedhjet, KQZ ndan sot Fondin për partite politike. In: Koha Jonë . January 24, 2017, accessed October 7, 2017 (Albanian).
  7. ↑ Financing of political parties in 2016. (PDF) Central Election Commission (Albania) , July 2, 2017, p. 4 , archived from the original on July 5, 2017 ; Retrieved July 2, 2017 (Albanian).
  8. ↑ Blendi Fevziu: 100 vjet . Ed .: UET Press. UET Press, Tirana 2012, ISBN 978-99956-39-74-7 , chap. 14 , p. 305 , col. 25 .
  9. ↑ Kryeministri Berisha inspekton TEC-in e Vlorës. In: Gazeta Shqip. June 23, 2009, accessed on April 23, 2016 (Albanian): "Kryeministri siguroi se qeveria shqiptare do të realizojë më së miri detyrën e saj për t'u siguruar qytetarëve të saj në çdo rrethanë, në çdo kohë dhe në orë energji elektrike. "
  10. ↑ Albania during 2014. In: Voice of America. December 30, 2014, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""
  11. ^ Albania in 2015. In: Voice of America. December 28, 2015, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""
  12. ↑ Most important events in 2016 in Albania. In: Voice of America. December 29, 2016, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""
  13. ^ Albania decides to reform its judiciary. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung. July 22, 2016, accessed on May 25, 2017 : “The Albanian parliament decided on Friday to reform the judiciary to intensify the fight against corruption and organized crime in order to pave the way for EU membership. All 140 MPs approved the bill, which had previously been highly controversial for months. "
  14. ↑ Most important events in 2016 in Albania. In: Voice of America. December 29, 2016, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""
  15. ^ Political crisis in Albania ended. In: Lucerne newspaper. May 18, 2016, archived from the original on May 21, 2017 ; Retrieved on May 25, 2017 : “The government and opposition in Albania have settled their three-month conflict. The basis for this was a compromise pushed through by the EU and the USA. "
  16. ↑ Most important events in 2017 in Albania. In: Voice of America. December 29, 2017, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""
  17. ↑ Most important events in 2018 in Albania. In: Voice of America. December 30, 2018, accessed on June 9, 2019 (al): "" ""