SPD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
| SPD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | |||
|
|||
| Chairperson | Manuela Schwesig | ||
| Deputy |
Stefan Sternberg Nadine Julitz Christian Ebene |
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| Secretary General | Julian Barlen | ||
| Treasurer | Iris Hoffmann | ||
| executive Director | Steffen Wehner | ||
| Honorary Chairman | Erwin Sellering | ||
| Establishment date | March 9, 1990 | ||
| Place of foundation | Guestrow , Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | ||
| Headquarters | Schwerin | ||
| Landtag mandates |
26/71 |
||
| Number of members | 3,093 (as of January 31, 2019) | ||
| Website | www.spd-mv.de | ||
The SPD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is the regional association of the SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It is the strongest parliamentary group in the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state parliament and leads the state government made up of the SPD and CDU . The state chairman has been Manuela Schwesig since July 2, 2017 .
history
Social democracy in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania in the German Empire (1876–1918)
The first party convention for Mecklenburg-Schwerin , Mecklenburg-Strelitz and Lübeck took place in 1892. Until 1907, all party congresses had to be held in Lübeck before the first state party congress could be held in Rostock in 1908 . Even after the socialist law was repealed (1878–1890), a Mecklenburg exceptional law remained in force almost until the turn of the century. Due to the Socialist Law, the first social democratic newspaper, which appeared in 1876 and was named Mecklenburg-Pommerischer Arbeiter-Freund in 1878 , had to be closed. In 1895 the SPD acquired the Mecklenburgische Volks-Zeitung (MVZ) , which had been founded three years earlier .
Despite the repressive legislation, the extremely traditional estates and the agrarian structure, the SPD became the strongest party in Mecklenburg-Schwerin in the Reichstag elections in 1898 with 38.2 percent of the vote . In Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the SPD was the third strongest force with around 30 percent. In the urban areas of Rostock-Doberan and Schwerin-Wismar, the SPD received the majority of votes from 1890 onwards.
The SPD in the Weimar Republic (1918–1933)
In the Free State of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, the Social Democrats advanced to become the state-sponsoring party. Johannes Stelling was Prime Minister from 1921 to 1924, from 1926 to 1929 Paul Schröder held this office.
In the Free State of Mecklenburg-Strelitz, the SPD repeatedly appointed Hans Krüger from January to mid-October 1919 and the noble Kurt von Reibnitz from 1919 to 1923 and from 1928 to 1931 as the Minister of State (Prime Minister).
The time of National Socialism (1933–1945)
After the takeover of the National Socialists in 1933 was on July 14 by the law against the formation of new parties any activities of parties other than the NSDAP the assets of the SPD prohibited on the basis of macro- law on forfeiture and anti-state assets confiscated. On the same day, the law on the revocation of naturalizations and the revocation of German citizenship laid the foundation for expatriation of those who had fled abroad. Previously, on July 7th, all SPD mandates in the Reichstag, in the state parliaments and in the local parliaments were revoked by the ordinance to secure the governance of the Reich Minister of the Interior Wilhelm Frick .
Re-establishment after the war (1945/1946)
The SPD was re-established in Rostock on July 5, 1945. By March 1946 the SPD already had 81,000 members compared to around 70,000 in the KPD . Wilhelm Höcker was appointed President of the State Administration of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania by SMAD in June 1945 . In 1945/1946, Höcker was the state chairman of the SPD in Mecklenburg.
In Rostock, the social democrat Albert Schulz first became mayor in 1946, although he rejected the merger of the SPD with the KPD. In 1947, however, he was arrested by the NKVD for no reason and, after a political show trial, sentenced to ten years of forced labor as an alleged fascist. Again without giving a reason, Schulz, who was popular among the population, was dismissed after four months and reinstated as Lord Mayor. In the summer of 1949 he resigned because he was unwilling to implement instructions from Berlin that ran counter to the interests of the city.
Forced union with the KPD to form the SED (1946)
On April 7, 1946, in the Schwerin Capitol, the SPD was united with the KPD to form the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Two weeks later this was followed by unification at GDR level. Wilhelm Höcker was one of the SPD members who advocated a union with the KPD. He became the top candidate of the newly founded SED in the last halfway free state parliament election in 1946 and Prime Minister from 1946 to 1951.
With the Stalinization of the SED in 1948, the persecution of former social democrats began. Around 5,000 were removed from the party by 1953, around 3,000 fled to West Germany by 1950. In 1971, Johannes Zimmer was expelled from the SED on the grounds of social democratic activity, and a year later the director of the Rostock University Library, Alfred Eberlein, was sentenced to ten years in prison for similar accusations.
Re-establishment in the GDR (1989/1990)
During the political upheavals in the autumn of 1989 , a number of parties were formed in the GDR alongside the citizens' movements and from them. The first illegal and sensational party was founded by the Social Democratic Party in the GDR (SDP) on October 7, 1989, the symbolic 40th birthday of the GDR. From the later Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, the Schwerin theologian Johannes Kwaschik , the Neubrandenburg mechanical engineer Arno Behrend, the Stralsund architect Ursula Kaden and the Greifswald student pastor Arndt Noack , who became one of the board members, took part in the founding meeting in Schwante near Berlin .
Local SDP associations were formed on October 26, 1989 in Greifswald, October 27 in Neubrandenburg, November 8 in Rostock, November 17 in Wismar and November 28, 1989 in Schwerin. Ingo Richter was the chairman of the local association, later of the Rostock district association . When Willy Brandt visited Rostock on December 6, 1989 - the first of a prominent West German Social Democrat in the GDR after the fall of the Berlin Wall - the Rostock SDP and Brandt agreed that the SDP should rename itself the SPD. This step was taken by a nationwide conference of delegates on January 13, 1990.
The state association of the SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was founded a few days before the first and last free Volkskammer election , on March 9, 1990 in Güstrow . Harald Ringstorff , who headed the party for 13 years , became chairman .
In Greifswald, the SDP temporarily published the Vorpommersche Rundschau newspaper; in Rostock, the Mecklenburgische Volks-Zeitung appeared from February to September 1990 . The initial circulation of the eight-page newspaper, which was deliberately linked to the social democratic newspaper of the 19th century, was 100,000, but had already fallen to 35,000 by March. Ultimately, the newspapers produced with a lot of enthusiasm but without professional structures could not prevail against the established daily newspapers Ostsee-Zeitung , Schweriner Volkszeitung , Freie Erde (all SED) and North German Latest News (NDPD) , which were party-owned until 1990 .
Opposition party after the first free elections (1990–1994)
Unlike the SED successor party , the PDS , the former CDU block party (which was also joined by the Democratic Peasant Party of Germany ) and the FDP , which merged with the two block parties LDPD and NDPD , the Social Democrats were unable to access the assets , infrastructure and members of the fall back on old GDR parties. In combination with the lack of party affiliation in East Germany after the collapse of the GDR, the massive electoral support of the black-yellow Bonn coalition in the east, while the West German SPD leadership around Chancellor candidate Oskar Lafontaine was critical of unification , led to the SPD in the 1990 elections clearly lagged behind the CDU .
At the beginning of March 1990 everything seemed to indicate a certain victory for the SPD in the Volkskammer election on March 18, and in polls the party was well ahead of the CDU-led Alliance for Germany . On the evening of the election, however, the SPD's share of the vote was only 21.9 percent compared to 40.8 percent for Allianz. In the three northern districts, the social democrats performed marginally better on average and achieved 25.4 percent in the Schwerin district , 24.8 percent in the Rostock district and 21.2 percent in the Neubrandenburg district .
In the first state parliament election on October 14, 1990 , the SPD, with 27.0 percent, was well behind the CDU with 38.3 percent. However, the black-yellow coalition in Schwerin was not made possible until a Social Democratic MP joined the CDU. After the votes had been counted, there had been a stalemate of 33 to 33 seats between the CDU and FDP on the one hand and the SPD and PDS on the other. The "West-Import" and Justice Minister in Schleswig-Holstein, Klaus Klingner , ran as the top candidate for the SPD . After the election he stayed in his office in Kiel. The CDU / FDP government would also have made it impossible for the citizens' movement to enter the state parliament. The Greens , Bündnis 90 and the New Forum together achieved 9.3 percent of the votes, but since they ran on three separate electoral lists, they all failed because of the threshold clause.
Junior partner in a grand coalition (1994–1998)
In the 1994 state elections , the SPD rose slightly to 29.5 percent. Since the FDP clearly missed re-entry into parliament and the alliance Greens failed again, the Social Democrats became junior partners in a grand coalition under Berndt Seite ( Cabinet Seite II ). Ringstorff had previously flirted openly with the first red-red coalition under his leadership.
Red-Red Coalition (1998-2006)
This premiere in the Federal Republic came four years later after the state elections in 1998 , in which the SPD had become the strongest force. The first government with the PDS under Harald Ringstorff sparked heated discussions nationwide. This coalition lasted eight years ( Cabinet Ringstorff I and Cabinet Ringstorff II ).
During the time of the red-red coalition, Harald Ringstorff handed over the state chairmanship to Till Backhaus in 2003.
Red-black coalition (since 2006)
After the state elections in 2006 , the coalition partner changed. Since then, the SPD has governed with the CDU in a red-black coalition ( Cabinet Ringstorff III , Cabinet Sellering I , Cabinet Sellering II and Cabinet Sellering III ), until 2016 as a grand coalition.
In 2007 Erwin Sellering became the third state chairman of the SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In 2008 Harald Ringstorff resigned as Prime Minister, and Erwin Sellering was his successor. In 2017, Manuela Schwesig was elected as state chairman after Sellering resigned from his offices as state chairman and prime minister for health reasons.
Membership development
| year | Membership numbers |
|---|---|
| 1990 | 1,900 |
| 1995 | 3,400 |
| 2000 | 3,400 |
| 2003 | 3,300 |
| 2006 | 3,000 |
| 2008 | 2,794 |
| 2014 | 2,767 |
Chair of the state party
| Years | Chairman |
|---|---|
| 1990-2003 | Harald Ringstorff |
| 2003-2007 | Till Backhaus |
| 2007-2017 | Erwin Sellering |
| since 2017 | Manuela Schwesig |
Top candidates
| choice | Top candidate |
| 1990 | Klaus Klingner |
| 1994 | Harald Ringstorff |
| 1998 | Harald Ringstorff |
| 2002 | Harald Ringstorff |
| 2006 | Harald Ringstorff |
| 2011 | Erwin Sellering |
| 2016 | Erwin Sellering |
organization
The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania is divided into working groups:
- Jusos
- Working group of social democratic women
- AG SPD 60 plus
- Working group for social democrats in education
- WG of Social Democrats in Health Care
- AG for employee issues
- Working group self-employed in the SPD
- Working group of social democratic lawyers
- SPDqueer - Working group of the SPD for acceptance and equality
Parliamentary work
Members of the European Parliament
Since the European elections in Germany in 2014 is Iris Hoffmann from Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Member of the European Parliament.
Regional group in the German Bundestag
Parliamentary group in the 7th electoral term
see list of members of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania state parliament (7th electoral period)
Members who left the parliamentary group in the 7th electoral term
| Surname | Constituency | Election result in percent | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sylvia Bretschneider | 3 (Neubrandenburg II) | 32.4 | President of the state parliament, died on April 28, 2019, followed by Julian Barlen |
Results in the state elections
literature
- Karsten Grabow : The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states. Edited by Uwe Jun , Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer , VS, Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-15439-8 , pp. 265–290.
- Werner Müller, Fred Mrotzek and Johannes Köllner: The history of the SPD in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania. Dietz, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8012-0329-8 .
- Albert Schulz : Memories of a Social Democrat , BIS, Oldenburg 2000 (series of publications by the Fitz Küster Archive), ISBN 3-8142-0758-0 .
- Klaus Schwabe: Roots, Traditions and Identity of Social Democracy in Mecklenburg and Pomerania. 3rd, modified and expanded edition. Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Office, Schwerin 2004 [first edition published in 1999]
- Klaus Schwabe: The compulsory unification of KPD and SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. 3rd, expanded edition. Friedrich Ebert Foundation, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Office, Schwerin 1996
- Klaus Schwabe: Between the crown and the swastika. The activities of the social democratic parliamentary group in the Mecklenburg-Schwerin state parliament 1919–1932. Tykve, Böblingen 1994, ISBN 3-925434-81-X .
- Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and Politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke , Olzog, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-7892-8047-X , pp. 66–113.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Frank Pubantz: Green attracts - blue too. Ostsee-Zeitung , February 26, 2019, accessed on February 27, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c d e Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Political parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 66.
- ↑ a b c d e f Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Political parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 67.
- ↑ a b c d Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and Politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 68.
- ↑ a b Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Political parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 69.
- ^ Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Political parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 70.
- ↑ a b Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and Politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, pp. 71 ff.
- ↑ a b Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Political parties and politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 71 f.
- ^ Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 278.
- ^ Nikolaus Werz: The SPD in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and Politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 77.
- ^ Wahlrecht.de: Results of the Volkskammer election 1990
- ^ Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 269.
- ^ Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 265.
- ↑ Information for 1990 to 2006 according to Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 280; for 2008 according to the Federal Agency for Civic Education .
- ↑ Membership distribution by federal state ( Memento from January 10, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Working groups on spd-mv.de, seen April 10, 2010.
- ↑ Iris Hoffmann, SPD | Member of the European Parliament. Accessed February 27, 2019 (German).
- ↑ a b parliamentary group on spd-mv.de, seen December 10, 2015.
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Currently represented in the state parliament: SPD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | AfD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | CDU Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | The Left Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | Citizens for Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
Historically represented in the state parliament: FDP Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | Alliance 90 / The Greens Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania | NPD Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania