State election in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania 1994
The state election in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania in 1994 was the second election of the state parliament since the re-establishment of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . It took place on October 16, 1994 at the same time as the federal and state elections in Saarland and Thuringia .
Electoral process
The second election of the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was carried out on the basis of the constitution of May 23, 1993 and the state election law for the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania of December 14, 1993. Compared to the state elections in 1990 , the number of seats to be allocated changed, which was increased from 66 to 71. The reason for this was primarily the desire to prevent a possible stalemate between two camps, as it had initially existed in 1990. The electoral process provided for first and second votes ; the proportion of second votes alone decided the distribution of mandates; it was calculated using the Hare-Niemeyer method . The five percent hurdle and a basic mandate clause applied to three direct mandates won. The legislative period was four years.
initial situation
The black-yellow coalition under Prime Minister Berndt Seite ( Cabinet Seite I ) stood for election . During the first legislative period, Prime Minister Alfred Gomolka , u. a. as a result of the so-called shipyard crisis , resigned on March 19, 1992. The first state chairman of the CDU , Günther Krause , had also stumbled upon one of his numerous affairs and, after his ministerial post in Bonn in May, also lost the party chairmanship to Angela Merkel in June 1993 .
At the beginning of 1994, the CDU's reputation in the federal government and in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was at a low point. The “ blooming landscapes ” promised by Chancellor Helmut Kohl contrasted with the economic reality in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Election polls therefore predicted a fall in the state election to up to 17 percent. In the course of the super election year , however, the CDU benefited from a clear change in sentiment in its favor, which was also reflected in the state election results.
Result
While the CDU lost slightly (-0.6 percentage points) and the SPD gained 2.5 percentage points, the PDS added seven percentage points and came to 22.7 percent. In addition, the PDS was able to win a direct mandate for the first time through Gerd Böttger in the Schwerin II state electoral district . The FDP failed with 3.8 percent of the vote this time clearly at the five-percent hurdle and Alliance 90 / The Greens missed 3.7 percent again a place in the state legislature. The right-wing extremist parties REP and NPD played no role with a total of 1.1 percent, which was registered with relief after the riots in Rostock-Lichtenhagen in August 1992 and other xenophobic attacks in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. The spectrum of parties represented in parliament thus concentrated on the CDU, SPD and PDS. This three-party system remained characteristic of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania until the state elections in 2006 .
The SPD chairman and top candidate Harald Ringstorff had flirted openly with the first red-red coalition under his leadership, but was slowed down by the SPD's federal headquarters, so that the Social Democrats were junior partners in a grand coalition under Berndt Page ( cabinet page II ) were. Since the CDU had lost its previous coalition partner, they had no other option than an alliance with the SPD.
While the turnout was 92.9 percent in the first democratic Volkskammer elections on March 18, 1990 and 72.4 percent in the local elections on May 6, 1990, it had slipped to 64.8 percent in the 1990 state elections . In the 1994 state elections, voter turnout rose again to 72.9 percent, especially since the Bundestag was elected at the same time. The comparatively high voter turnout as well as the overlapping of state political with federal political issues through the federal election campaign benefited the larger parties in this as in the next elections and thus contributed to the twelve-year three-party system typical of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.
| Eligible voters | 1,376,877 |
| Voters | 1.003.116 |
| voter turnout | 72.9% |
| Valid first votes | 975,055 (97.2%) |
| Invalid first votes | 28,061 (2.8%) |
| Valid second votes | 977,867 (97.5%) |
| Invalid second votes | 25,249 (2.5%) |
| First votes absolutely |
Share in% |
Second votes absolutely |
Share in% |
Direct MAN date |
List- MAN date |
Total seats |
Gains / losses |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDU | 385.260 | 39.5 | 368.206 | 37.7 | 28 | 2 | 30th | +1 |
| SPD | 292.714 | 30.0 | 288,431 | 29.5 | 7th | 16 | 23 | +2 |
| PDS | 231.353 | 23.7 | 221.814 | 22.7 | 1 | 17th | 18th | +6 |
| FDP | 31,757 | 3.3 | 37,498 | 3.8 | −4 | |||
| GREEN | 29,181 | 3.0 | 36,035 | 3.7 | ||||
| REP | 708 | 0.1 | 9,974 | 1.0 | ||||
| PASSPORT | 4,764 | 0.5 | ||||||
| GRAY | 1,075 | 0.1 | 3,938 | 0.4 | ||||
| Natural law | 426 | 0.0 | 2,248 | 0.2 | ||||
| BUMV | 1,607 | 0.2 | ||||||
| NPD | 512 | 0.1 | 1,429 | 0.1 | ||||
| NdB | 1,131 | 0.1 | ||||||
| PBC | 792 | 0.1 | ||||||
| Individual applicants | 2,069 | 0.2 |
See also
- State elections in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- List of members of the Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania State Parliament (2nd electoral period)
- List of state electoral districts in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- History of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
literature
- Steffen Schoon: Voter behavior and political traditions in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania (1871-2002) , Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 3770052838
- Karsten Grabow : The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Parties and party systems in the German states. Edited by Oskar Niedermayer , Uwe Jun and Melanie Haas, VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften / GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden 2008, ISBN 978-3-531-90912-7 , pp. 265–290.
Web links
- statistik-mv.de: Overviews of the state election at the state returning officer
- tagesschau.de: Results and analyzes
Individual evidence
- ^ Election to the state parliament of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania on October 16, 1994 The state returning officer of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- ↑ Comparative value PDS 1990 = LL / PDS
- ↑ Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , in: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 267.
- ↑ a b Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , in: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 266.
- ↑ Hans Jörg Hennecke : The CDU in Mecklenburg and Western Pomerania , in: Parties and Politics in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , edited by Nikolaus Werz and Hans Jörg Hennecke, Munich 2000, p. 40.
- ↑ a b c Karsten Grabow: The party system of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , in: Parties and party systems in the German states , edited by Uwe Jun, Melanie Haas and Oskar Niedermayer, GWV, Wiesbaden 2008, p. 269.
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