Reichstag election 1898
The Reichstag election in 1898 was the election for the 10th German Reichstag of the German Empire . It took place on June 16, 1898.
The turnout was around 68%, slightly lower than in the Reichstag election in 1893 .
All three so-called " cartel parties " ( German Conservatives , Free Conservatives and National Liberals) suffered losses. On the other hand, the trend in favor of the Social Democrats , which has existed since the establishment of the Reich and has increased since the Reichstag election in 1890, was confirmed again . In terms of votes, they were again clearly the strongest party. Due to the constituency that was unfavorable for them , they only became the second largest group behind the center , which was actually around 9% behind the SPD. Nevertheless, it won a few seats. For the first and only time in a Reichstag election, Jonas Smalakys, a candidate for a national-Lithuanian party in the constituency of Memel / East Prussia, was elected.
The government around Chancellor Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , who had succeeded Leo von Caprivi , had already relied on the Center and also on "national" forces in the Free People's Party in the previous legislative period . Even in the new Reichstag, Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst and his successor Bernhard von Bülow from 1900 could mostly count on the consent of the center ( Lex Arons , new customs law 1902). In the dispute over the " prison bill " in 1900, however, the Social Democrats and Liberals again succeeded (as with the " coup bill " in 1895), together with the center, in preventing "special criminal law" against workers, trade unionists and social democrats.
As in the previous elections, the number of small interest parties increased. The anti-Semites also stabilized.
Results
| Political Direction | Parties | Votes | Sit in the Reichstag | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| in millions | proportion of | compared to 1893 | absolutely | proportion of | compared to 1893 | ||||
| conservative | German Conservative Party (DKP) | 0.859 | 11.1% | −2.4% | 56 | 14.1% | −16 | ||
| German Reich Party (DRP) | 0.344 | 4.4% | −1.3% | 22nd | 5.5% | −6 | |||
| Independent Conservatives | n / A | n / A | n / A | 1 | 0.3% | +1 | |||
| liberal | Right- | National Liberal Party (NLP) | 0.971 | 12.5% | −0.5% | 48 | 12.1% | −4 | |
| Independent liberals | n / A | n / A | n / A | 3 | 0.8% | +1 | |||
| moderate | Liberal Association (FVg) | 0.196 | 2.5% | −0.9% | 13 | 3.2% | ± 0 | ||
| Left- | Liberal People's Party (FVp) | 0.558 | 7.2% | −1.5% | 29 | 7.3% | +5 | ||
| German People's Party (DtVP) | 0.109 | 1.4% | −0.8% | 8th | 2.0% | −3 | |||
| Catholics | Center Party | 1.455 | 18.8% | −0.3% | 102 | 25.7% | +6 | ||
| Socialists | Social Democrats (SPD) | 2,107 | 27.2% | + 3.9% | 56 | 14.1% | +12 | ||
|
Other and independent |
Regional parties , minorities 1) | 0.407 | 6.1% | + 0.1% | 35 | 8.8% | ± 0 | ||
| Peasant parties / alliances 2) | 0.251 | 3.2% | + 2.3% | 11 | 2.8% | +7 | |||
| Anti-Semite parties 3) | 0.284 | 3.7% | + 0.3% | 13 | 3.3% | −3 | |||
| Others | 0.148 | 1.9% | +1.1% | - | - | ± 0 | |||
| total | 7.752 | 100% | 397 | 100% | |||||
Notes :
- 1) Seats: German-Hanoverian Party (DHP) 9 (+2), Poland 14 (−5), Danes 1 (± 0), Alsace-Lorraine 10 (+2), Lithuanians 1 (+1)
- 2) Seats: Bund der Landwirte (BdL) 6 (+6), Bayerischer Bauernbund (BB) 5 (+1)
- 3) Seats: German Social Reform Party (DSRP) 10 (+10), Anti-Semitic People's Party (AVP) 2 (+2), Christian Social Party (CSP) 1 (+1)
Elected MPs by constituency
In each of the 397 constituencies , a member was elected by absolute majority voting. If no candidate achieved an absolute majority in the first ballot, a runoff election was held between the two best-placed candidates. The following tables show the constituency winners and their party status as stated in the official final result.
Prussia
Bavaria
Saxony
Württemberg
to bathe
| Grand Duchy of Baden | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Constance , Überlingen , Stockach | Friedrich Hug | center | |
| 2 | Donaueschingen , Villingen | Friedrich Faller | NLP | |
| 3 | Waldshut , Säckingen , Neustadt in the Black Forest | Joseph Schuler | center | |
| 4th | Loerrach , Muellheim | Ernst Blankenhorn | NLP | |
| 5 | Freiburg , Emmendingen | Ludwig Marbe | center | |
| 6th | Lahr , Wolfach | Friedrich Schaettgen | center | |
| 7th | Offenburg , Kehl | Maximilian Wilhelm Reichert | center | |
| 8th | Rastatt , Bühl , Baden-Baden | Franz Xaver Lender | center | |
| 9 | Pforzheim , Ettlingen | Alfred Agster | SPD | |
| 10 | Karlsruhe , Bruchsal | Adolf Geck | SPD | |
| 11 | Mannheim | August Dreesbach | SPD | |
| 12 | Heidelberg , Mosbach | Anton Josef Beck | NLP | |
| 13 | Bretten , Sinsheim | Carl Lucke | BdL | |
| 14th | Tauberbischofsheim , Buchen | Johann Anton tenth | center | |
Hesse
| Grand Duchy of Hesse | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Giessen , Grünberg , Nidda | Philipp Koehler | Anti-Semites ( DSRP ) | |
| 2 | Friedberg , Büdingen , Vilbel | Waldemar of Oriola | NLP | |
| 3 | Lauterbach , Alsfeld , Schotten | Friedrich Bindewald | Anti-Semites ( DSRP ) | |
| 4th | Darmstadt , Gross-Gerau | Balthasar Cramer | SPD | |
| 5 | Offenbach , Dieburg | Carl Ulrich | SPD | |
| 6th | Erbach , Bensheim , Lindenfels , Neustadt im Odenwald | Wilhelm Haas | NLP | |
| 7th | Worms , Heppenheim , Wimpfen | Cornelius von Heyl zu Herrnsheim | NLP | |
| 8th | Bingen , Alzey | Reinhart Schmidt | FVp | |
| 9 | Mainz , Oppenheim | Adam Schmitt | center | |
Small states
Alsace-Lorraine
The party-political allocation of the MPs follows the explanations by Hermann Hiery and C.-W. Friction.
| Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Altkirch , Thann | Landolin Winterer | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 2 | Mulhouse | Fernand Bueb | SPD | |
| 3 | Colmar | Jacques Preiss | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 4th | Gebweiler | Alphons Roellinger | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 5 | Rappoltsweiler | Emile Wetterlé | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 6th | Schlettstadt | Ignaz Spies | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 7th | Molsheim , Erstein | Nicolaus Delsor | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
| 8th | Strasbourg city | Adolf Riff | FVg | |
| 9 | Strasbourg country | Karl Hauss | Catholic People's Party | |
| 10 | Hagenau , Weissenburg | Alexander zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst | DKP | |
| 11 | Babble | Johannes Hoeffel | DRP | |
| 12 | Saargemünd , Forbach | Franz de Schmid | DKP | |
| 13 | Bolchen , Diedenhofen | Peter Merot | Lothringer Block | |
| 14th | Metz | Louis Pierson | Lothringer Block | |
| 15th | Saarburg , Château-Salins | Peter Küchly | Individual candidate d. political catholicism | |
The parliamentary groups of the 10th Reichstag
In the 10th Reichstag, several members of parliament did not join the faction of their actual party, but remained non-attached. Some of the DHP MPs joined the center group. At the beginning of the 10th legislative period, the parliamentary groups had the following strengths:
| center | 106 |
| Social democrats | 56 |
| German Conservatives | 52 |
| National Liberals | 48 |
| Liberal People's Party | 29 |
| German Reich Party | 22nd |
| Poland | 14th |
| Liberal Association | 13 |
| German Social Reform Party | 10 |
| German People's Party | 8th |
| Non-attached | 39 |
In the further course of the legislative period, the strength of the individual parliamentary groups changed several times due to by-elections and changes in parliamentary groups.
See also
literature
- Carl-Wilhelm Reibel: Handbook of the Reichstag elections 1890-1918. Alliances, results, candidates (= handbooks on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 15). Droste, Düsseldorf 2007, ISBN 978-3-7700-5284-4 .
Web links
- Statistical Yearbook of the German Reich (PDF; 161 kB)
- Elections in Germany until 1918 , there:
- German history in documents and pictures , there:
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Imperial Statistical Office (Ed.): Quarterly Issues on Statistics of the German Reich, Seventh Volume, Issue 7 . Berlin 1898.
- ^ Hermann Hiery: Reichstag elections in the Reichsland. A contribution to the regional history of Alsace-Lorraine and the electoral history of the German Empire 1871–1918. Droste Verlag Düsseldorf. 1986, pp. 446–448 ff Table 50: Political groups and parties in Alsace-Lorraine and p. 449 ff: Appendix: Biographical list of the members of the German Reichstag elected in the Reichsland Alsace-Lorraine from 1874–1918. ISBN 3-7700-5132-7 .
- ↑ Reichstag Handbook 1898. (PDF) Munich Digitization Center, p. 294 , accessed on November 20, 2009 .
- ↑ Reichstag Handbook 1898, supplementary volume 1902. (PDF) Munich Digitization Center, accessed on November 20, 2009 .
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