District of Falkenberg OS

Falkenberg district, 1905

The district of Falkenberg OS was a Prussian district in Upper Silesia , which existed from 1743 to 1945. Its district town was the city of Falkenberg OS. The former district area is now in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the conquest of most of Silesia, King Friedrich II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia in 1742 and in Upper Silesia in 1743 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their division into districts and the appointment of district administrators . The appointment of the district administrators in the Upper Silesian districts was based on a proposal by the Prussian Minister for Silesia, Ludwig Wilhelm von Münchow , to whom Frederick II approved in February 1743.

In the principality of Opole , one of the Silesian sub-principalities, Prussian circles were formed from the old Silesian soft images , including the Falkenberg district. The circle Falkenberg initially was under the War and Domain Chamber Wroclaw and the course was hard Bergisch Stone reform the administrative district of Opole the Silesia province assigned.

During the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the Opole administrative district, the district borders were changed as follows:

• The villages of Bauschwitz, Bielitz, Groß Mahlendorf, Hermannshof, Kaltecke, Lamsdorf and Schaderwitz moved from the Neisse district to the Falkenberg district.
• The villages of Grüben and Sonnenberg moved from the Grottkau district to the Falkenberg district.
• The villages of Baumgarten , Ellguth-Friedland, Ellguth-Tillowitz , Floste, Groditz , Hammer, Jamke, Michelsdorf , Piechotzütz, Plieschnitz, Puschine, Sabine, Schedliske , Schiedlow , Seifersdorf , Sokollnik, Tillowitz , Weiderwitz and Woistrasch moved from the Oppeln district to the Falkenberg district.

North German Confederation / German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative district of Opole .

On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Falkenberg OS district in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which all manor districts except for the Lamsdorf military training area were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were reunited to form the Province of Silesia. From January 1, 1939, the Falkenberg OS district was given the name Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Katowice and Opole .

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district. In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1795	15.184
1819	23,828
1846	36,490
1871	40,585
1885	40.186
1900	38,000
1910	37,526
1925	38,772
1939	40,340

In the 1939 census, 72% of the population were Catholic and 28% Protestant .

The district office building

District administrators

1745–1759 00Carl Gottlieb von Larisch

1762–1770 00Adam Friedrich von Eicke and Polwitz

1770–1785 00George Heinrich von Tschirschky

1785–1806 00Christian Friedrich von Arnstedt

1813-1818 00Ludwig Wilhelm von Ziegler and Klipphausen-Dambrau (born March 26, 1770; † July 14, 1845)

1818–1838 00Johann von Kalinowsky (born June 15, 1775 - † July 2, 1849)

1839–1845 00Eduard Promnitz

1845–1856 00Hermann von Seherr

1858–1866 00Richard von Koppy

1866–1883 00Georg von Pückler

1883–1905 Günther von Sydow00

1905–1913 00Rudolf von Zastrow

1913–1914 00Tortilowicz from Batocki

1914–1918 Kurt von Reibnitz00

1918–1932 Oskar Wackerzapp00

1932–1934 00Ernst Laux

1934–1943 00Joachim Heine

1934–1945 Karl Lange00

Local constitution

The district of Falkenberg OS has been divided into the cities of Falkenberg OS , Friedland and Schurgast , in rural communities and in manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

In 1936, the Falkenberg district comprised three cities and 75 rural communities:

Arnsdorf Baumgarten Bauschwitz Bielitz Borkwitz Brande Dambrau German Jamke Ellguth hammer Ellguth-Tillowitz Falkenberg OS , city Floste Friedland OS , city Geppersdorf Golschwitz Graase Groditz Groß Mahlendorf Great Mangersdorf Great Sarne

Groß Schnellendorf Pits Guhrau Guschwitz Heidersdorf Hilbersdorf Hillersdorf Jakobsdorf Jamke Jatzdorf Julienthal Karbischau Kirchberg Klein Mangersdorf Little Sarne Klein Schnellendorf Kleuschnitz Corpitz Lamsdorf Lips

Mauschwitz Michelsdorf Mullwitz New run Niewodnik Nikoline Norok Nuessdorf Petersdorf Piechotzütz Plieschnitz Pushine Ranish Raschwitz Rauske Rautke Rogau Rossdorf Sabine Schaderwitz

Schedlau Schedliske Scheppanowitz Scheppelwitz Schiedlow Schönwitz Schurgast , city Seifersdorf Sonnenberg Concern Springsdorf Stroschwitz Tarnitze Tillowitz Weiderwitz Weissdorf Weschelle Wiersbel

The municipality-free military training area Lamsdorf also belonged to the district. On October 31, 1928, the rural communities Ellguth-Friedland and Hammer were merged to form the rural community Ellguth-Hammer and the rural communities Woistrasch and Floste to form the rural community Floste-Woistrasch .

Place names

In 1936/37, numerous municipalities in the Falkenberg OS district were renamed (sometimes several times):

Bauschwitz → Bauschdorf Borkwitz → Borkenhain German Jamke → Mittenwalde Ellguth-Tillowitz → Steinaugrund Golschwitz → Eichenried Groditz → Burgstätte Guschwitz → Buchengrund Jamke → Heinrichshof Korpitz → Korndorf Mauschwitz → Mauschdorf Niewodnik → Fischbach Nikoline → Niklas Ferry Norok → Wolfsgrund Piechotzütz → Pechwalde → Bauerngrund

Plieschnitz → Fuchsberg Pushine → Erlenburg Raschwitz → Raschdorf → Rauschwalde Sabine → Annahof Schaderwitz → Schadeberg Schedliske → Waldsiedel Scheppanowitz → Stefansfeld Scheppelwitz → Steffansgrund Schiedlow → Goldmoor Stroschwitz → Strasseendorf Tarnitze → Dornfeld Weiderwitz → Weidendorf Weschelle → Freudendorf Wiersbel → Weidengut

Personalities

• Wilhelm Goldmann (1897–1974), publisher ( Goldmann Verlag )

literature

• Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 1120–1171 .
• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 171–172, item 4.
• Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi : Earth Description of the Prussian Monarchy , Volume 3, Part 1, Halle 1792, p. 20 ff .
• The Falkenberger Land in the picture - postcards, engravings, photos before 1945 , ed. from the Heimatverein of the Falkenberg-Oberschlesien district. Peine 1997
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 390–397 .
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Falkenberg OS  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Immediatbericht Münchow on the appointment of district administrators in Upper Silesia , p. 540 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ). Carl Gottlieb von Larisch was appointed as the first district administrator in the Falkenberg district.
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e} Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
6. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Oppelschen government in 1817, no. XLI . Announcement of the new district division of the Opole government district from October 1, 1817. Opole, p. 523 ff . ( Digitized version ).
7. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 38 ( digitized version ).
8. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 92 ( digitized version ).
9. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
10. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
11. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
12. ↑ ^{a b} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
13. ^ ^{A b c d e} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. falkenberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
14. ↑ ^{a b} Landkreis Falkenberg administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.