Tułowice
| Tułowice | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Opole | ||
| Gmina : | Tułowice | ||
| Area : | 9.20 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 36 ' N , 17 ° 39' E | ||
| Residents : | 4290 | ||
| Postal code : | 49-130 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OPO | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Droga wojewódzka 405 Niemodlin– Korfantów | ||
| Rail route : | Opole – Nysa | ||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Tułowice (Ger. Tillowitz ) is a city in the powiat Opolski of the Opole Voivodeship in Poland . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with about 5250 inhabitants. From the beginning of the 19th century, the place was a center of ceramic and porcelain production.
geography
The town of Tułowice is located about 24 kilometers southwest of the voivodeship capital Opole . Tułowice is located in the Silesian lowlands in the Opole region. The supraregional provincial road Droga wojewódzka 405 runs through Tułowice between Niemodlin and Korfantów . Furthermore, the place is on the Opole – Nysa railway with the Tułowice Niemodlińskie stop .
Tułowice is located on the Steinau (Polish Ścinawa Niemodlińska ). To the south and west there are extensive forest areas that belong to the Tułowice Forest.
To the northwest and to the north lie the villages of Lipno (German lip ) and Wydrowice (German Weiderwitz ), which belong to Gmina Niemodlin . To the northeast lies Skarbiszowice (German Seifersdorf ), southeast Ligota Tułowicka (German Ellguth-Tillowitz ) and southwest Goszczowice (German Guschwitz )
history
First mention and early modern times
The village of Tillowitz was first mentioned in a document in 1447, with the existence of the parish of St. Rochus being mentioned. The village of Tillowitz originally belonged to the Opole Piasts . After their extinction in 1532, the village belonged to several noble families under the Falkenberg rule, including the Freiherr von Promnitz family . From the 17th century Tillowitz was owned by the Counts Zierotin . In 1779 the place passed to the Count Praschma as marriage property . At the same time there were about 320 people living in Tillowitz. In 1783 an ironworks called Theresienhütte was founded in Tillowitz . In 1813 a faience factory was founded in Tillowitz.
19th century
During an inheritance dispute between Count Friedrich and Louis Praschma in 1824, Count Louis got the rule of Tillowitz and built Tillowitz Castle in the 1820s according to plans by a Milanese architect. The central front of the same stands on the foundation walls of a smaller castle, the age of which cannot be given. Parks, crossed by the Steinau, surrounded it on all sides. In 1829 the construction of the Church of St. Rochus began and was completed in 1840. In 1835 the village was acquired by Count Ernest von Frankenberg and Ludwigsdorf for 235,400 thalers . In 1842 Ernest von Frankenberg acquired the faience factory from the widow Johann Degostschon. Faience production is expanded in Tillowitz under the supervision of Inspector Seunger.
From 1879 onwards, the Tillowitz Castle was rebuilt in the neo-renaissance style. In 1889 the ceramics factory from Reinchold Schlegelmilch from Suhl in Thuringia was taken over by Erhard Schlegelmilch. The production of porcelain begins in Tillowitz. In the same year Tillowitz was connected to the Upper Silesian Railway along the Opole – Nysa line, which was opened in 1887 .
20th century
In 1904 a new factory for porcelain production was opened at the train station. In 1913 the first Protestant congregation was founded in Tillowitz, construction of the Protestant church began and the village was supplied with electricity and gas.
In 1933 there were 1694 people in Weiderwitz. In 1939 the village had 1968 inhabitants.
Until the end of the war in 1945, Tillowitz belonged to the district of Falkenberg OS. On January 23, the production of porcelain in Tillowitz was stopped. On March 19, 1945, the place was taken by the Red Army . Then the previously German place came under Polish administration and was renamed Tułowice . In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship . 1972 Gmina Tułowice is re-established. In 1999 the place came to the re-established Powiat Opolski as part of Gmina Niemodlin .
21st century
On January 1, 2018 Tillowitz received city rights .
Attractions
- The Tillowitz Castle (Polish Pałac w Tułowicach ) was originally built between 1824 and 1827 under Ludwig von Praschma in the classicism style. Between 1879 and 1889 the castle was redesigned in the neo-renaissance style. In 1937 a forestry training center was set up in the castle. Today there is a boarding school in the castle. The castle is a two-storey three-wing building with a floor plan in the shape of a horseshoe. The palace has a square tower on the south wing and several round towers at the corners of the inner courtyard. The castle is surrounded by an extensive park.
- Half-timbered watermill from 1763
- St. Rochus Church - built between 1824 and 1840
- Tomb of Heinrich von Dreßke
local community
The town itself and four other villages with school offices belong to the town and country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Tułowice. Partner municipalities are Wendeburg and Bělá pod Pradědem .
Sons and daughters of the place
- Oskar Kellner (* 1851; † 1911), German agricultural chemist and animal nutritionist.
literature
- Dehio-Handbuch der Kunstdenkmäler in Polen, Silesia , Munich · Berlin 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , pp. 963–964
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d History of Tillowitz (Polish)
- ↑ Hugo Weczerka (Ed.): Handbook of historical sites . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 537-538.
- ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Falkenberg (Polish Niemodlin). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Rozporządzenie Rady Ministrów z dnia 24 lipca 2017 r. w sprawie ustalenia granic niektórych gmin i miast, nadania niektórym miejscowościom statusu miasta, zmiany nazwy gminy oraz siedzib władz niektórych gmin in the Aktów Prawnych Internetowy system