Korfantów

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Korfantów
Coat of arms of Korfantów
Korfantów (Poland)
Korfantów
Korfantów
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Opole
Powiat : Nyski
Gmina : Korfantów
Geographic location : 50 ° 30 ′  N , 17 ° 36 ′  E Coordinates: 50 ° 30 ′ 0 ″  N , 17 ° 36 ′ 0 ″  E
Residents : 1842 (December 31, 2016)
Postal code : 48-317
Telephone code : (+48) 77
License plate : ONY
Economy and Transport
Street : Droga wojewódzka 405 Korfantów- Niemodlin
Droga wojewódzka 407 Nysa - Lonschnik
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Korfantów ( German Friedland in Oberschlesien ) is a city with around 1850 inhabitants in the Polish Opole Voivodeship . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with around 9,000 inhabitants.

Geographical location

Friedland south of the city of Falkenberg and east of Neisse on a map from 1905

The city is located in the Upper Silesia region on the right bank of the Steinau ( Ścinawa Niemodlińska ), 22 kilometers east of Nysa ( Neisse ) and 35 kilometers southwest of Opole .

history

Friedland Castle (2018)
Trinity Church
ring
City center with the castle gate and the tower of the Holy Trinity Church

The time of the city's foundation is just as unknown as that of the northeastern village of Friedland. 1323 a Heinrich von Friedland is documented. In 1327 Friedland became part of Bohemia. The first mention of the church in Hurthlanth in 1335 is also the first written evidence of the city.

Friedland had many landlords in its history. Among them were the Schaffgotsch as owners in the period from 1535 to 1594, under which the Reformation was carried out. Heinrich Wencel von Nowagk reversed this in 1629 with the Counter Reformation . The Nowagk were followed from 1670 by the Counts of Burghauß . In 1825 the castle, which dates back to 1616, was rebuilt and enlarged, around which a landscape park was created.

In 1885 Carl Graf von Pückler inherited Friedland and from then on called himself von Pückler-Burghauß .

Since 1742 the town of Friedland belonged to Prussia and its town charter was withdrawn because of its insignificance. In 1816 Friedland became part of the Falkenberg district .

In 1867 the Friedland market was given back its town charter and the village of Friedland was incorporated. In 1928 the manor district became part of the city.

In 1909 the new building of the Trinity Church was consecrated. The Catholic pastor Valentin Wojciech was appointed auxiliary bishop of Wroclaw in 1920 .

A machine factory was established at the beginning of the 20th century. Otherwise, light industry was predominant, there were curtain and lace weaving mills, a shoe factory, a sawmill, a brick factory, a wire fence factory and a beer brewery. Friedland had a Protestant church, two Catholic churches, a boys' education center and was the seat of a local court .

In World War II Friedland was bombed and suffered damage. The cemetery was badly damaged, the Michaeliskapelle in the cemetery burned down, and the castle was also badly damaged; the town church received a hit on the stairs. In the spring of 1945 the city was occupied by the Red Army .

After the war ended in 1945, the region was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union . Friedland was revoked again from town charter. The immigration of Polish migrants began, some of whom came from areas east of the Curzon Line , where they had belonged to the Polish minority. The German natives were deported to the Łambinowice (Lamsdorf) camp in 1946 (formerly Stalag VIII B 344 ). Friedland was renamed Korfantów after the Polish militant and politician Wojciech Korfanty , who had never entered the city .

The village has been a town again since 1993 and has a town partnership with Friedland in Mecklenburg .

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year population Remarks
1782 684 including the village of the same name
1816 524
1825 757 including 48 Protestants, 22 Jews
1840 1023 66 Protestants and 23 Jews
1855 1185
1861 1294 140 Protestants, 1105 Catholics, 49 Jews; according to other data, 1,333 inhabitants (the city itself), of which 149 are Protestants and 76 Jews
1867 1918 on December 3rd
1871 1947 including 170 Evangelicals; according to other data 1959 inhabitants (on December 1), of which 191 Protestants, 1,730 Catholics, 38 Jews
1900 2078 mostly Catholics
1910 1942 on December 1st, excluding castle and manor district (67 inhabitants)
1933 1861
1939 1872
Number of inhabitants since World War II
year Residents
1958 932
2002 1.995

Attractions

  • Trinity Church - built in 1909 in neo-Gothic style
  • Friedland Castle - built in 1616 in the Renaissance style. Today it is used as a hospital.
  • Ring with buildings from the 19th and 20th centuries

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

Personalities who have worked on site

  • Theodor Jankowski (1852-1919), Polish Catholic clergyman and member of the German Reichstag, at times chaplain in Friedland
  • Theodor Perniock (1852–1912), lawyer and member of the German Reichstag, between 1887 and 1891 at the Friedland District Court
  • Alfons Nowack (1868–1940), German regional historian and priest, chaplain in Friedland between 1891 and 1894

local community

The urban-and-rural municipality (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Korfantów covers an area of ​​179.8 km². It is divided into the city and a number of villages.

traffic

Regional road 407 runs in an east-west direction . State road 405 in the direction of Niemodlin ( Falkenberg OS ) begins northwest of the town center .

Sister cities and municipalities

literature

  • Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 1144–1146 .
  • Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia. 2nd Edition. Graß, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1845, pp. 137-138 .

Web links

Commons : Korfantów  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 6, Leipzig / Vienna 1906, item 5 .
  2. ↑ Edmund Nowak: "Shadows from Lambinowice
  3. ↑ Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi : Earth Description of the Prussian Monarchy , Volume 3, Part 1, Halle 1792, p. 25.
  4. ↑ Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 1: A – F , Halle 1821 p. 390, item 1266 .
  5. ↑ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia, including the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia, which now belongs entirely to the province, and the County of Glatz; together with the attached evidence of the division of the country into the various branches of civil administration. Melcher, Breslau 1830, p. 160 .
  6. ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia. 2nd Edition. Graß, Barth and Comp., Breslau 1845, pp. 137-138 .
  7. ↑ a b Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 1124, item 43 ;
  8. ^ Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 1145 .
  9. ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Silesia and their population. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 390–391, item 2 .
  10. ^ Gustav Neumann : The German Empire in geographical, statistical and topographical relation . Volume 2, GFO Müller, Berlin 1874, pp. 171-172, paragraph 4 .
  11. ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  12. ↑ a b M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
  13. ↑ a b Monuments in Korfantow