Namslau district

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The district of Namslau on a map from 1905

The district of Namslau was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945. Its county seat was the city of Namslau . The former district area is now in the Polish Opole Voivodeship .

Administrative history

After conquering most of Silesia, King Frederick II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia by cabinet order on November 25, 1741 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.

In the Principality of Breslau , one of the Silesian sub-principalities, the Prussian districts of Namslau, Breslau and Neumarkt-Canth were formed from the old Silesian soft images of Breslau, Canth, Neumarkt and Namslau . Christian Sylvius von Monsterberg was appointed as the first district administrator in the Namslau district. The Namslau district was initially under the Wroclaw War and Domain Chamber and was assigned to the Breslau administrative district of the province of Silesia in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 .

The district remained unchanged during the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the Breslau administrative district.

On November 8, 1919, the Free State of Prussia dissolved the Province of Silesia. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz . With the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, the Reichthaler Ländchen with the city of Reichthal , the rural communities of Butschkau, Dörnberg, Droschkau, Herzberg, Kreuzendorf, Proschau, Schadegur, Sgorsellitz and Skorischau as well as the manor districts of Droschkau, Groß Butschkau, Klein fell from the previous district area Butschkau, Schadegur, Sgorsellitz and Skorischau (partially) to Poland .

On September 30, 1929, all manor districts in the Namslau district were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. Since 1 January 1939, the county Namslau led the designation according to the rich now unified control district . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved again and the new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.

In January 1945 the Red Army captured the district area. In April 1945 she placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . In the following period the population of the district was expelled and Poles were settled in their place .

Population development and area

year Residents source
1795 22,103
1819 23,031
1846 33,389
1871 37,319
1885 37,738
1900 34,548
1910 33,452
1925 30,786
1939 31,227

According to the results of the census of 1905, between 50 and 75 percent of the local population in the district stated “German” as their mother tongue. The district originally covered 584 km². After the Reichthaler Ländchen was ceded to Poland, its area was reduced to 500 km².

District administrators

1742–1759 00Christian Sylvius von Monsterberg sen.
1764–1790 00George Ernst von Czettritz and Neuhaus
1790–1800 00Christian Sylvius von Monsterberg jun.
1800–1805 00Ernst Wilhelm Christian von Heydebrand and the Lasa
1805– 000000Hans Friedrich von Wentzky and Petersheyde
0000–1820 00Hans Ernst von Haugwitz
1820-1824 00vacant
1824–1848 00Ernst von Ohlen and Adlerscron
1848–1849 Albin von Wentzky (1804–1849)00
1850–1853 Roman Xaver von Zakrzewski (1821–1891)00
1853–1881 00Salice-Contessa
1881–1884 Wilhelm von Heydebrand and the Lasa (1849–1908)00
1884–1886 00Karl Gustav Kloer († 1886)
1886–1903 00Kurt Willert
1903–1914 Friedrich von Marées (1864–1914)00
1914–1920 00Michele Sayur
1920–1925 00Paul Jackisch
1925–1933 Bernhard Danckelmann (1886–1947)00
1933–1936 Erich Jüttner (* 1899)00
1936–1938 00Walter Schmidt
1938–1941 00Ernst Heinrich
194? - 000000Schubert ( substitute )
194? - 000000Frauenholz ( representative )

Local constitution

Since the 19th century, the Namslau district has been divided into the cities of Namslau and Reichthal, rural communities and manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

The Namslau district last comprised one town and 46 rural communities:

  • Old town
  • Bachwitz
  • Bank joke
  • Belmsdorf
  • Buchelsdorf
  • Dammer
  • Damned
  • German Marchwitz
  • Eckersdorf
  • Ice village
  • Ellguth
  • Erbenfeld
  • Giesdorf
  • Glausche
  • Grambschütz
  • Great Marchwitz
  • Paulsdorf
  • Pass
  • Saabe
  • Schindlersfelde
  • Schmograu
  • Sweat
  • Seydlitzruh
  • Simmelwitz
  • Stadtel
  • Steinersdorf
  • Sterzendorf
  • Strehlitz
  • Wallendorf
  • Wilkau
  • Windisch Marchwitz
Incorporation until 1937
  • Böhmwitz, on July 1, 1936 in Namslau
  • Erdmannsdorf, in Bachwitz on April 1, 1937
  • Friedrichsberg, on April 1st, 1937 in Sterzendorf
  • Groditz, on April 1, 1937 at Gülchen
  • Jauchendorf, on September 30, 1928 in Michelsdorf
  • Johannsdorf, on April 1, 1937 in Steinersdorf
  • Mülchen, on April 1, 1937 in Windisch Marchwitz
  • New Marchwitz, on April 1, 1937 in Groß Marchwitz
  • Sophienthal, on April 1, 1937 in Bachwitz
  • Strehlitz I, on September 30, 1928 in Strehlitz
  • Strehlitz II, on September 30, 1928 in Strehlitz
  • Strehlitz III, on September 30, 1928 in Strehlitz

Place names

In the interwar period , several municipalities in the Namslau district were renamed:

  • Brzezinke → Schindlersfelde (1923)
  • Dziedzitz → Erbenfeld (1930)
  • Minkowsky → Seydlitzruh (1937)
  • Niefe → Neuenhagen (1937)
  • Polkowitz → Ordenstal (1937)

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Namslau  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
  2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
  4. ↑ a b c d e f Rolf Straubel : Biographical handbook of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
  6. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Breslau 1817, No. XLV . New division and demarcation of the circles in the Breslau government department of October 31, 1817. Breslau, p. 476 ff . ( Digitized version ).
  7. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 35 ( digitized version ).
  8. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 86 ( digitized version ).
  9. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  10. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
  11. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
  12. ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  13. ↑ a b c d Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. namslau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  14. ↑ Supplementary volume in 62 map pages to the earlier editions of Andrees Handatlas , Velhagen & Klasing, Bielefeld u. Leipzig 1922, Bl. 13/14 Silesia .
  15. ↑ a b Landkreis Namslau administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.