Groß Wartenberg district

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The Groß Wartenberg district within the boundaries from 1818 to 1920

The Prussian district of Groß Wartenberg (until 1888 district of Wartenberg ) in Silesia existed from 1742 to 1945. Its district town was the town of Groß Wartenberg , which until 1888 was called Wartenberg in Polish . The former district area is now in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .

Administrative history

After conquering most of Silesia, King Frederick II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia by cabinet order on November 25, 1741 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the establishment of district administrators on January 1, 1742. The district of Wartenberg was formed from the two civil lords of Wartenberg and Goschütz and the dominion of Festenberg. Leonhard Moritz von Prittwitz-Gaffron was appointed as the first district administrator in the district.

The Wartenberg district was initially under the Wroclaw War and Domain Chamber and was assigned to the Breslau administrative district of the province of Silesia as part of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 . During the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the administrative district of Breslau, the city of Medzibor and the villages of Benjaminsthal, Charlottenfeld, Conradau, Erdmannsberg, Friedrikenau, Glashütte, Glashütte bei Tscheschen, Hammer, Honig, Johannisdörfel, Joschune, Kalkowsky, Kenschen, Kenschenhammer, Klenowe, Kottowsky, Kotzine, Mariendorf, Neurode, Ossen, Pawlau, Riefken, Silonke, Suschen, Tscheschen and Wielky reclassified from the Oels district to the Wartenberg district.

The city of Medzibor was renamed Neumittelwalde in 1886 . Since the district town was renamed from Polish Wartenberg to Groß Wartenberg in 1888, the official name for the district of Groß Wartenberg was . According to the results of the census of 1905, between 50 and 75 percent of the local population in the district stated “German” as their mother tongue.

On November 8, 1919, the Free State of Prussia formed the Province of Lower Silesia from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz in the Province of Silesia and the Province of Upper Silesia from the administrative district of Opole . With the entry into force of the Versailles Treaty on January 10, 1920, the eastern, predominantly Polish-speaking part of the Groß Wartenberg district fell to Poland . In the course of a final border straightening, the rural communities Kunzendorf and Schleise returned from Poland to the Groß Wartenberg district on July 17, 1920.

On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Groß Wartenberg district, as in the rest of Prussia , in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On April 1, 1938, the provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia became part of the renewed Province of Silesia. On January 1, 1939, the Groß Wartenberg district was given the designation "Landkreis" in accordance with the now unified regulation.

After the invasion of Poland in early October 1939, the areas of the Lower Silesian districts of Namslau , Groß Wartenberg and Guhrau that had been ceded to Poland in 1920 did not return to Silesia, but were incorporated into the Reichsgau Wartheland . On January 18, 1941, the new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz of the Province of Silesia .

In the spring of 1945 the Red Army occupied the district and in the summer of 1945 placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . This drove the German population out of the district and replaced them with Poles . The territory of the former Groß Wartenberg district today forms the Powiat Oleśnicki together with that of the former Oels district .

Population development

year Residents source
1795 24,159
1819 31,486
1846 49,254
1871 52.195
1885 51.197
1900 48.014
1905 46,964
1910 48,414
1925 27,609
1939 26,574

District administrators

  • 1742 0000000Leonhard Moritz von Prittwitz-Gaffron
  • 1742–1761 00Justus Siegmund von Dyhrn-Schönau
  • 1762–1784 00Gottlieb von Poser-Groß Nädlitz
  • 1784–1785 00Joachim Sigmund Sylvius von Frankenberg
  • 1785–1806 00Christian Wilhelm von Teichmann
  • 1807–1822 00Georg von Bosse (1767–1882)
  • 1822–1824 00Heinrich von Prittwitz-Gaffron (1787–1857)
  • 1824 0000000Heinrich von Reichenbach-Schönwald ( acting )
  • 1824–1834 00Wilhelm von Sellin († 1834)
  • 1834–1867 00Otto von Zedlitz-Leipe (1800–1868)
  • 1867–1869 00Hugo von Reichenbach-Schönwald ( acting )
  • 1869–1888 00Richard von Buddenbrock-Hettersdorff (1831–1891)
  • 1888–1894 00Richard von Busse (1847–1894)
  • 1894 0000000Georg von Reinersdorf-Stradam ( acting )
  • 1894–1897 Heinrich Yorck von Wartenburg (1861–1923)00
  • 1897–1908 Stanislaus von Dönhoff (1862–1929)00
  • 1908–1915 Leo von Busse (1876–1916)00
  • 1915– 000000from Korn
  • 1918–1944 00Detlev von Reinersdorff-Paczensky and Tenczin (1879–1973)
  • 1944–1945 00Friedrich Wäscher (1893–1968) ( acting )

Local constitution

The district of Groß Wartenberg has been divided into the towns of Festenberg, Neumittelwalde and (Polish / Groß) Wartenberg, in rural communities and in manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

The following municipalities belonged to the part of the district that fell to Poland in 1920:

  • Baldowitz
  • Bralin
  • Dobrzetz
  • Domsel
  • Erdmannsberg
  • Friedrickenau
  • Fruschof
  • Princely Neudorf
  • Princely Niefken
  • Gohle
  • Great Friedrichs-Tabor
  • Great Kosel
  • honey
  • Jeschune
  • Johannisdorf
  • Kalkowski
  • Kenchen
  • Kenchenhammer
  • Klein Friedrichs-Tabor
  • Kojentschin
  • Konradau
  • Kottowski
  • Kotzine
  • Mangschütz
  • Mariendorf
  • March village
  • Mechau
  • Münchwitz
  • Wet needle
  • Neuhütte
  • Pawelau
  • Perschau
  • Rippin
  • Sbitschin
  • Slack
  • Schreibersdorf
  • Sielonke
  • Suschen
  • Trembatschau
  • Tschermin
  • Tscheschen
  • Türkwitz

The Groß Wartenberg district, which remained in the German Reich in 1920, included three towns and 51 rural communities in 1939:

  • Old glassworks
  • Amalienthal
  • Bischdorf
  • Beech grove
  • Charlottenfeld
  • Charlottenthal
  • Dalbersdorf
  • Distelwitz
  • Dyhrnfeld
  • Oak grove
  • Alder Ground
  • Festenberg , city
  • Goernsdorf
  • Goschütz
  • Goshützhammer
  • Goschütz-Neudorf
  • Grenzhammer
  • Great Gahle
  • Great Schönwald
  • Groß Wartenberg , city
  • Gross Woitsdorf
  • Grünbach
  • Grunwitz
  • Deer rod
  • Kammerau
  • Little Kosel
  • Klein Schönwald
  • Klein Ulbersdorf
  • Kraschen
  • Kunzendorf
  • Land stop
  • Langendorf
  • Lichtenhain
  • Lindenhorst
  • Mill location
  • Muschlitz
  • New Stradam
  • Neuhof
  • Neumittelwalde , city
  • Neurode
  • Lower Stradam
  • Upper Stradam
  • Ossen
  • Ostfelde
  • Ottendorf
  • Rudelsdorf
  • Sandrashiitz
  • Schleise
  • Schollendorf
  • Nice stones
  • Beautiful oak
  • Wedelsdorf
  • Weidendorf
  • Wild heather
Incorporation until 1929
  • Annenthal, on April 1, 1929 in Bukowine
  • Königswille, on April 1, 1929 in Bukowine
  • Wegersdorf, on April 1, 1929 in Bukowine
  • Klein Woitsdorf, on April 1, 1929 in Groß Wartenberg
  • Paulschütz, on December 1, 1928 at Klein Kosel
  • Sakrau, at Drungawe on October 17, 1928
  • Alt Festenberg, on May 22, 1910 in Festenberg
  • Boguslawitz, on September 30, 1928 in Dalbersdorf
  • Ellguth-Distelwitz, on September 30, 1928 in Distelwitz
  • Gaffron, to Kraschen on September 30, 1928
  • Klein Gahle, on September 30, 1928 in Olschofke
  • Otto-Langendorf, on September 30, 1928 in Ottendorf
  • Radine, on September 30, 1928 in Rudelsdorf
  • Peterhof, on September 30, 1928 in Schleise

Place names

The community of Schön Steine ​​was called Polish stones until 1907 . In 1936/37 several communities in the Groß Wartenberg district were renamed:

  • Bukowine → beech grove
  • Bunkai → Grünbach (Lower Silesia)
  • Domaslawitz → Lindenhorst
  • Dombrowe → oak grove
  • Drungawe → Wild Heath
  • Ellguth-Rippin → Ostfelde
  • Klenowe → Hirschrode
  • Kraschen-Niefken → state stop
  • Lassisken → Lichtenhain (Lower Silesia)
  • Olschofke → Erlengrund (district of Groß Wartenberg)
  • Tscheschen-Glashütte → Alt Glashütte
  • Tscheschenhammer → Grenzhammer (Lower Silesia)
  • Wielgy → Weidendorf (Kr.Gross Wartenberg)
  • Wioske → Mühlenort

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Groß Wartenberg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
  2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
  3. ^ Description of the district of Wartenberg from 1792
  4. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
  5. ↑ a b c d e f Rolf Straubel : Biographical handbook of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
  6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
  7. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Breslau 1817, No. XLV . New division and demarcation of the circles in the Breslau government department of October 31, 1817. Breslau, p. 476 ff . ( Digitized version ).
  8. ↑ Supplementary volume in 62 map pages to the earlier editions of Andrees Handatlas , Velhagen & Klasing, Bielefeld u. Leipzig 1922, Bl. 13/14 Silesia .
  9. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 37 ( digitized version ).
  10. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 86 ( digitized version ).
  11. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
  12. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
  13. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
  14. ↑ a b c www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
  15. ^ Community encyclopedia for the Province of Silesia 1905, pp. 402–403
  16. ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990.wartberg.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  17. ↑ http://www.gross-wartenberg.de/Franzkowski/landraete.html
  18. ^ District of Groß Wartenberg administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 27, 2013.