Sprottau district
The Sprottau district was a Prussian district in Silesia . It existed from 1742 to 1945. The Polish Powiate Żagański and Polkowicki are now located on its former territory .
Administrative history
Kingdom of Prussia
After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.
In the Principality of Glogau , Prussian districts were formed from the six existing old Silesian soft images Freystadt, Glogau, Grünberg, Guhrau, Schwiebus and Sprottau. Heinrich Friedrich von Logau and Altendorff was appointed as the first district administrator in the Sprottau district. The district was subordinate to the War and Domain Chamber Glogau, from which in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 the administrative district Liegnitz of the province of Silesia emerged .
During the district reform of January 1, 1820 in the administrative district of Liegnitz, the Sprottau district received the towns of Girbigsdorf, Kunzendorf, Reußenfeldau, Rückersdorf and Wittgendorf from the Sagan district and the towns of Alt Gabel, Buckwitz, Kalten Briesnitz, Milckau, Neu Gabel and Suckau from the Freystadt district . The Sprottau district, in turn, gave the town of Wengeln to the Lüben district .
North German Confederation / German Empire
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire .
On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz .
On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Sprottau district in line with developments in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.
On October 1, 1932, most of the dissolved Sagan district became part of Sprottau district. On November 25, the city of Sagan was designated as the new administrative center of the Sprottau district.
On January 3, 1936, the newly founded hereditary farm village of Hierlshagen, named after the Reich Labor Service Leader Konstantin Hierl , was established in Sprottebruch in the area of the municipality of Langen .
On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia .
On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved again. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz .
In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district area, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union . In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1795 | 19,463 | |
| 1819 | 19,819 | |
| 1846 | 32,415 | |
| 1871 | 33,697 | |
| 1885 | 35,827 | |
| 1900 | 39,042 | |
| 1910 | 39,882 | |
| 1925 | 40,287 | |
| 1939 | 96,255 |
District administrators
- 1742–1752 Heinrich Friedrich von Logau and Altendorff
- 1756–1772 Carl Christian Heinrich von Logau and Altendorf
- 1779–1801 Ernst von Eckartsberg
- 1801–1806 Caspar von Knobelsdorff
- 1811–1831 Kaspar von Knobelsdorff
- 1831–1857 Alexander Maximilian von Schkopp
- 1857–1869 Robert von Reder († 1869)
- 1869–1877 Hans von Kanitz (1813–1941)
- 1877–1890 Günther von Dallwitz (1838–1910)
- 1890–1910 Henning von Klitzing
- 1910–1919 Wilhelm von Kottwitz
- 1919 Eichert ( acting )
- 1920–1925 Dietrich
- 1925–1932 Hermann Kranold
- 1932–1933 Oskar von Bezold
- 1933 Pintzke ( representatively )
- 1933– Hans-Walter Friderici
Local constitution
The Sprottau district has been divided into cities, rural communities and manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . Since 1881, the district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 were in effect.
Communities
The Sprottau district last comprised three cities and 102 rural communities:
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The district also included the uninhabited manor districts of Forst Klitschdorf-Wehrauer Heide, Forst Neuvorwerk, Forst Saganer Heide and Neuhammer military training area .
- Former parishes
- Groß Eulau, on April 1, 1929 in Rückersdorf
- Haselbach, on July 1, 1929 at Klein Heinzendorf
- Herzoglich Zeisau, on April 1, 1938 in Neuhammer
- Klein Eulau, on April 1st, 1923 in Eulau
- Koberbrunn, dissolved in 1900 for the Neuhammer military training area
- Lauterbach, on July 1, 1929 in Primkenau
- Mückendorf, on September 30, 1928 in Sprottau
- Neuvorwerk, on April 1, 1938 to the Neuvowerk forest estate district
- Nieder-Buchwald, on April 1, 1935 Buchwald
- Ober-Buchwald, on April 1, 1935 Buchwald
- Reußenfeldau, on April 1, 1929 in Rückersdorf
- Sprottischdorf, on September 30, 1928 in Sprottau
- Walddorf, on July 1, 1929 in Gießmannsdorf
Place names
Two parishes were renamed in the 1930s:
- Puschkau → Hirtenau
- Tschirndorf → Hammerfeld
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 222, item 10.
- Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 188–193 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
- M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
- ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
- ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b c d e Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
- ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
- ↑ a b Territorial changes in Germany
- ^ Official Gazette of the Liegnitz Government 1819, No. 52 . Ordinance on the new district division of December 15, 1819. Liegnitz, p. 470 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform in the Liegnitz administrative district, p. 257 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 36 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 93 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
- ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
- ↑ a b www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sprottau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
Sub-provinces: Lower Silesia | Upper Silesia
Administrative districts: Wroclaw | Katowice | Liegnitz | Opole | Reichenbach
Independent cities: Bytom OS | Wroclaw | Brieg | Gliwice | Glogau | Goerlitz | Grünberg i. Schles. | Hindenburg OS | Hirschberg i. Rsgb. | Katowice | Königshütte | Liegnitz | Neisse | Opole | Ratibor | Schweidnitz | Waldenburg (Schles)
Counties: Bytom | Beuthen-Tarnowitz | Bolkenhain | Wroclaw | Brieg | Bunzlau | Cosel | Falkenberg | Frankenstein | Fraustadt | Freystadt | Glatz | Glogau | Goldberg | Goldberg-Haynau | Goerlitz | Groß Strehlitz | Gross Wartenberg | Grottkau | Grünberg | Guhrau | Good day | Habelschwerdt | Hindenburg | Hirschberg | Hoyerswerda | Jauer | Katowice | Kreuzburg | State hat | Lauban | Leobschütz | Liegnitz | Löwenberg | Lüben | Lublinitz | Militsch | Münsterberg | Namslau | Neisse | Neumarkt | Neurode | Neustadt | Nimptsch | Oels | Ohlau | Opole | Pleas | Ratibor | Reichenbach | Rosenberg | Rothenburg | Rybnik | Sagan | Schönau | Schweidnitz | Sprottau | Steinau | Chasing | Striegau | Tarnowitz | Tost-Gleiwitz | Trebnitz | Waldenburg | Wohlau
Coordinates: 51 ° 34 ′ 0 ″ N , 15 ° 30 ′ 0 ″ E