Racibórz

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Racibórz
Coat of arms of the city of Ratibor
Racibórz (Poland)
Racibórz
Racibórz
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Silesia
Powiat : Racibórz
Area : 74.96  km²
Geographic location : 50 ° 6 '  N , 18 ° 13'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 5 '32 "  N , 18 ° 13' 11"  E
Height : 200 m npm
Residents : 54,778
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Postal code : 47-400 to 47-445
Telephone code : (+48) 32
License plate : SRC
Economy and Transport
Street : Opole - Ostrava
Rail route : Opole – Chałupki
Next international airport : Katowice
Gmina
Gminatype: Borough
Residents: 54,778
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Community number  ( GUS ): 2411011
Administration (as of 2018)
City President : Dariusz Polowy
Address: ul.Stefana Batorego 6
47-400 Racibórz
Website : www.raciborz.pl



Racibórz [ raˈʨibuʃ ] ( German Ratibor , Silesian Rattebor , Czech Ratiboř ) is a city in the Polish Voivodeship of Silesia . It is next to Ostrava ( Ostrava ) capital of the Euro region Silesia . From 1173 to 1336 it was the residence of the Piastic and from 1337 to 1521 of the Premyslid Duchy of Ratibor .

Geographical location

Racibórz and its neighboring towns on a map from 1905

The city is located in Upper Silesia on the upper Oder at 185 m above sea level. NHN , about 23 kilometers west of Rybnik and about 60 kilometers southwest of Katowice . The border with the Czech Republic runs in the south . The border crossings Pietraszyn, Krzanowice and Owsiszcze ( Owschütz ) are respectively seven and 15 kilometers from the city center.

The Racibórz area is the southeasternmost part of the Silesian lowlands . In the west lies the Oppa Mountains , in the north the Upper Silesian Highlands and in the south the Moravian Gate . Even if the historic old town is to the left of the Oder, the urban area extends over both banks of the Oder.

The Łężczok Nature Reserve has existed in the town since 1957 . It extends over an area of ​​about 400 hectares and is home to rare plant and animal species.

climate

Monthly and annual average temperatures for the years 1848–1977
Months Years
1848-1871 1881-1939 1955 1956 1958 1959 1960 1977
January −2.8 −2.1 −2.0 0 −2.5 −0.3 −1.8 −0.1
February −1.2 −1.0 −1.7 −12.2 −1.8 −2.0 −1.8 1.9
March 2.2 3.0 0.4 1.6 −1.7 −5.6 3.5 7.1
April 7.8 7.7 5.5 6.5 5.3 9.5 6.9 6.9
May 12.9 13.3 11.9 12.5 16.1 13.2 13.2 12.9
June 17.3 16.1 15.5 15.8 15.8 16.0 16.9 17.4
July 18.3 18.0 18.1 17.8 18.8 19.7 16.4 17.0
August 17.7 16.8 17.2 15.9 17.4 17.5 13.3 16.5
September 13.8 13.3 13.2 13.4 13.4 12.0 12.7 11.8
October 9.0 8.4 8.6 8.2 9.7 7.5 10.2 10.3
November 2.4 3.1 3.9 −0.4 4.0 3.8 5.7 5.7
December −2.0 −0.2 1.8 0.5 2.1 4.9 2.6 −0.7
Average annual temperatures 8.0 8.0 7.7 6.6 8.0 8.8 8.4 8.9

Urban area

Map view of the city of Racibórz

The city of Racibórz is divided into the following districts:

  1. Center
  2. Nowe Zagrody ( new garden )
  3. Ocice ( Ottitz )
  4. Stara Wieś ( Altendorf )
  5. Miedonia ( Niedane ; 1936–1945: Oderfurt )
  6. Ostróg ( Ostrog )
  7. Markowice ( Markowitz ; 1936–1945: Markdorf )
  8. Płonia ( Plania )
  9. Brzezie ( Hohenbirken )
  10. Sudół ( Sudoll ; 1936–1945: Trachkirch )
  11. Studzienna ( Studen )

Incorporations

  • 1860: incorporation of the rural community of Neugarten
  • 1900: Incorporation of Bosatz
  • 1902: incorporation of Altendorf
  • 1909: incorporation of the rural community of Ober-Ottitz.
  • 1910: incorporation of the rural community of Plania and the manor district of the same name.
  • 1927: Incorporation of the rural communities Janowitz ( partially ), Hohenbirken ( partially ), Niedane ( partially ), Ostrog , Studen and Wilhelmstal ( partially )
    • as well as the estate districts Altendorf, Czerwentzütz ( partially ), Hohenbirken ( partially ), Niedane ( partially ), Ottitz, Proschowitz, Ratibor, Schloss and Studen.
  • In 1975 the neighboring communities of Brzezie, Markowice, Miedonia and Sudół were incorporated.

coat of arms

Blazon : split, in front a silver half eagle in red, behind in red half a silver wheel.

Until 2013 a different coat of arms was used by the Polish authorities.

The oldest surviving seal of Ratibor dates back to 1296 and already shows this representation. In Siebmacher's coat of arms booklet from 1605, the coat of arms is shown in color for the first time. Even then, the color scheme was red and white. Even if Ratibor belonged to Poland until 1202, the meaning of the color of the eagle or the similarity to the Polish coat of arms is not clearly clarified, since most of the Upper Silesian cities have the yellow eagle of the Upper Silesian Piasts in their coat of arms. The wheel in the coat of arms probably stands for the German name of the city Rat ibor.

history

Ratibor Castle, engraving by Friedrich Bernhard Werner (around 1735)

middle Ages

The floor tower with remains of the medieval city fortifications
Principality of Racibórz around 1790
The west side of the ring with the archway

Ratibor, which originated at an ancient ford across the Oder, is one of the oldest cities in Upper Silesia. The hill fort on the right of the Oder with the Ostrog settlement was intended to protect the river crossing that led from the Moravian Gate to Krakow on a trade route . The castle was first mentioned in 1108 by the Benedictine monk Gallus Anonymus , who over armed conflicts between the Polish Duke Bolesław III. Schiefmund and the Moravians reported. The wars that flared up repeatedly were only ended with the Pentecostal Peace of Glatz , which was concluded in 1137 and established a permanent border. Since Ratibor was to the left of the Zinna , it fell to Poland and after its partition in 1138 to the Duchy of Silesia . In 1155 the castle served as the center of a castellany . After the first division of the Duchy of Silesia, the newly founded Duchy of Ratibor split off in 1173, which was enlarged in 1202 to include the Opole region , which only became an independent duchy in 1281. Since the seniority principle applicable to Poland was given up in 1202 , the constitutional connection between the Silesian territories and Poland was extinguished, whereby the Silesian duchies, which had been independent until then, also gained political independence.

As early as the beginning of the 13th century, under Duke Mieszko I , who resided in the castle, another bank settlement was built next to the castle settlement, which had market and licensing rights in 1217 . Even then, “hospites” ( guests ) were mentioned as settlers , meaning German and Flemish merchants. During the reign of Duke Casimir I (1211–1230), the town of Ratibor, probably planned by his son Mieszko I, was founded with settlers from the west and given Flemish law. A city bailiff Colin is documented for the year 1235. In 1241 the town and castle are said to have successfully defended themselves against the Mongols . In 1246 Duke Miezko II founded the Dominican monastery with the St. Jakobi Church. In 1255 and 1273 the city was damaged in enemy raids. During the reconstruction it was extended to the south at the same time. A first fair is documented in 1275 .

In a long-running dispute the Wroclaw duke Henry IV. With the Wroclaw bishop Thomas II. Granted Duke przemysław of racibórz of Ratibor in 1285 the bishop Affairs of Ratiborer castle. The dispute was about the immunity rights and the tithe payments of the German-speaking villages in the Neiss diocese . In gratitude for the help given, Bishop Thomas founded a church dedicated to St. Collegiate foundation dedicated to Thomas of Canterbury .

In 1286 Ratibor became Oberhof for the localities of the Duchy of Ratibor, which are designated under Flemish law. The Neustadt, located to the left of the Oder, was connected with Ratibor in 1294, which received Magdeburg rights in 1299 . Before the year 1300, the monk Peregrinus wrote his collection of sermons “Sermones de tempore et de sanctis” in the Racibórz Dominican monastery, which was widely distributed. Between 1299 and 1306 the "Jungfrauenstift" founded by Duke Primislaus was founded. It was settled with Dominican women, whose first abbess was the duke's daughter Euphemia († 1359).

After Duke Lestko paid homage to the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg in 1327 , the city and duchy of Ratibor were subordinated to the Crown of Bohemia as a fiefdom . The Bohemian feudal sovereignty was confirmed in 1335 with the Treaty of Trenčín . Just one year later, after the death of the Duke Lestko with which the Ratiborer branch of the Silesian Piast dynasty died out in 1336, which came escheat a Bohemia to the crown. In 1337, the Bohemian King John of Luxembourg gave both, again as a fief, to the Troppauer Duke Nicholas II. He was married to a sister Lestkos and came from the Troppauer branch of the Přemyslids , which granted the city greater independence. In addition to its importance as a trading center in Racibórz, cloth-making, tannery, brewing and the grain trade were economically outstanding in the Middle Ages. As early as 1332 Ratibor had a salt deficit. In 1416 the collegiate monastery was transferred from the castle chapel to the Liebfrauen parish church.

Early modern age

After the death of the Duke Valentine , which went out of the Opava branch of the Přemyslid, fell city and Duchy of Ratibor by a 1512 concluded agreement as to succession to the Opole Duke Johann II. After his death in 1532 his property fell as a completed fief to the crown of Bohemia, since 1526 held the Habsburgs . From 1532 to 1551 Ratibor was pledged to the Margraves of Ansbach together with the now Bohemian Hereditary Principality of Opole . From 1645 to 1666 it was pledged to the Polish royal house of the Wasa together with the Hereditary Principality of Opole as a replacement for unpaid dowries of several Austrian princesses married to Poland . Subsequently, the rule of Ratibor , which had emerged from the chamber property , was given to frequently changing owners. The Thirty Years War and several city fires led to an economic decline in Ratibor .

Prussian time

The Ratibor Gymnasium on an illustration from 1850
Wilhelminian style houses from the turn of the century at today's ul. Wileńska
Volkssturm position on February 2, 1945 in Ratibor (photo from the Federal Archives )

After the First Silesian War , Ratibor fell with most of Silesia to Prussia in 1742 . After the reorganization of Prussia, Ratibor belonged to the province of Silesia since 1815 and from 1816 was the seat of the Ratibor district , which was reclassified from the administrative district of Breslau to the newly formed administrative district of Opole in the same year . As early as 1812 Ratibor was acquired by the Prince Elector of Hesse-Kassel with the rule of the same name, which had been enlarged by some secularized church property. It was given to Viktor Amadeus von Hessen-Rothenburg in 1820, who was followed in 1834 by his nephew Viktor von Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst . When he came of age in 1840 and took over his inheritance, he was given the hereditary title "Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey" by the Prussian king. After his death in 1893 he was inherited by his son of the same name, Viktor II . As early as 1821, King Wilhelm I had raised the rule of Ratibor to a media principality . A disadvantage for the city of Ratibor was that the new dukes did not reside at Ratibor Castle. They moved their court to the Rauden monastery, which was secularized in 1810 .

An economic boom followed in 1846 with the opening of the railway connection from Berlin to Vienna, which led via Ratibor. With the construction of further secondary lines, the infrastructure for the settlement of important industrial companies was created (such as Planiawerke AG for coal production ). At the beginning of the 20th century, Ratibor had a Protestant church, four Catholic churches, a synagogue , a grammar school, a secondary school, a Catholic school teachers' college, an institution for the deaf and dumb and was the seat of a regional court.

On April 1, 1903, the municipality of Ratibor left the district of Ratibor and now formed the independent urban district of Ratibor. After the province of Silesia was dissolved on November 8, 1919 , Ratibor was now part of the newly formed province of Upper Silesia and was the seat of the provincial authority.

In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 25,336 people (87.98% of those entitled to vote) in the constituency of Racibórz voted to stay with Germany, 2,227 for Poland (8.79%). In the constituency of Ratibor Land, 25,986 people (56.83% of the electorate) spoke out in favor of staying with Germany and 18,403 (40.25%) in favor of Poland. In the city and district of Racibórz combined, 30% voted for Poland. By drawing the border to the east, Ratibor lost not only a piece of land but also part of its economically important hinterland.

With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitution Act of December 15, 1933, a uniform municipal constitution existed for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. The previous municipality of Ratibor was now called the city .

In 1945 the city of Ratibor belonged to the administrative district Opole in the Prussian province of Silesia of the German Empire .

Towards the end of the Second World War , the majority of the city's population fled towards Moravia by March 1945. Plans to transform Ratibor into a so-called fixed place were not realized, especially since only a few soldiers or members of the Volkssturm were in the city. The Red Army had already conquered large parts of Upper Silesia in January 1945. Since their advance to the Oder was repulsed at Ratibor, Ratibor was spared from direct war events until then. On Good Friday , March 30, 1945, the Red Army began to storm the city. After the occupation on the following day, civil offenses and looting occurred . Many art treasures such as the gothic Ratibor custodia were stolen and the old town set on fire.

History since 1945

After the end of World War II, Ratibor, like all of Upper Silesia, was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in the summer of 1945 in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement and received the Polish place name Racibórz . Most of the remaining German population was expelled from Ratibor by the local Polish administrative authority . In the following months, only about 3000 people from central and eastern Poland came to the city as new settlers, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union .

In communist Poland, the wanton destruction of the city by the Red Army was concealed. According to official reports, the destruction was due to heavy fighting and a counter-offensive by the Wehrmacht. After the political change in 1989, the actual events were reconstructed with the help of files and contemporary witness reports that had been kept secret until then. Since the end of the 1990s, the "Liberation Day" is no longer celebrated on March 31.

A decade after the end of the war, the city had a significantly larger population and the restoration of the numerous industrial plants was completed. During the reconstruction, the partly well-preserved building fabric, such as the town hall, was removed and replaced by new buildings. The restoration of old buildings was limited to the city's churches and the city wall. New buildings were erected on the ring. The Rafako boiler factory started operations in the 1950s . In addition, new housing developments were built on the outskirts of the city.

On July 8, 1997, Racibórz was hit by the Oder flood, which flooded large parts of the city and caused severe damage. The water level of the Oder rose to 10.46 m, which exceeded the critical high water mark by 4.5 m. On June 21, 2001, the environmental management standard ISO 14001 was introduced in Racibórz as the first Polish and European city .

Demographics

Population development until 1945
year Residents Remarks
1749 01,564
1765 02,410
1786 02,940
1800 0 3,024
1818 04,655
1825 05,315
1834 06,288
1840 07,022
1843 07,424
1855 09,962
1861 11,794
1871 15,323 including 2,000 Protestants and 1,200 Jews (1,800 Poles )
1880 18,373
1885 19,524
1890 20,737 of which 3,406 Protestants, 16,114 Catholics and 1,213 Jews (2,500 Poles ); including
the neighboring villages of Bosatz, Altendorf, Ostrog and Plania: 27,100 inhabitants
1905 32,690 with the garrison (one infantry battalion No. 62, three squadrons of hussars No. 3), including
4,138 Evangelicals and 823 Jews
1910 38,424 of which 4,014 Protestants and 33,613 Catholics
1919 36,994
1925 49,959 of which 3,480 Protestants, 36,437 Catholics, 49 other Christians and 696 Jews
1933 51,680 of which 3,573 Protestants, 47,368 Catholics, seven other Christians and 563 Jews
1939 49,725 of which 3,403 Protestants, 45,640 Catholics, 42 other Christians and 289 Jews
Population since 1945
year Residents Remarks
1975 45,900
1995 65,041
2000 60,741
2005 57,755

In the last census in 2002, 50,537 of the 59,495 inhabitants at that time, or 84.94% , claimed to be Polish , 3,448 stated another nationality, of which 2,212 people (3.72%) described themselves as German , another 1,089 (1, 83%) as " Silesians ".

Attractions

Ratibor Castle with the castle chapel on the right
Marian column in front of the St. Jakobi Church
The classicist courthouse from 1826
  • The Castle Ratibor , also known as Duke Castle is called, was built on the site of the first mentioned in 1108 Wallburg , a fortification with wood and earth rampart. It was replaced by a brick building from the 13th century and rebuilt and expanded from 1603 to 1636. After it was no longer used as a residence from the beginning of the 19th century, the western part was expanded into a brewery and offices were set up in 1846. After a fire in 1858, the west and north wings were rebuilt and the brewery was expanded. After the destruction at the end of the war in 1945, restoration work was carried out.
  • The St. The castle chapel , consecrated to Thomas of Canterbury , was donated at the end of the 13th century by the Bishop of Wroclaw, Thomas II . It is of great art historical and historical importance. It is a single-nave, three-bay building in the high Gothic style. The small, rectangular building (6.6 × 13.2 m) is covered by a steep gable roof and surmounted by a slender neo-Gothic roof turret on the west facade. Originally the chapel was a double church like the Kreuzkirche in Breslau . Since the demolition of the intermediate vault, the ornate seating niches for the canons of the canons in the former upper church are no longer at floor level. Despite the many alterations and renovations in the past centuries, high-quality building-plastic elements of the Gothic style could still be preserved inside, such as the capitals or the arched niches with eyelashes .
  • The baroque Marian column , and cloudy pillar , on the ring was made of you for standing over a cholera epidemic in Raciborz by Countess Gaschin donated. The column, which is richly decorated with figures, was created by the sculptor Johann Melchior Austria between 1725 and 1727. The column stands on a high square base with templates and ascending volutes . Below the column are figures of St. Sebastian, St. Florians and St. Marcellus. The column is crowned with a figure of Mary.
  • The Assumption Church , also known as the Church of Our Lady , was built after 1300 on the site of a previous building. It received its Gothic shape with a three-aisled nave and a single-nave choir in the 14th century. Since it served as a collegiate church since 1416, a chapter house with a treasury was built in 1416/17 . From 1426 to 1446 she was given the patron saint St. Marcellus , also known as the Polish Chapel since 1658 when it was assigned to the Polish preacher . The architectural main altar in the early Baroque style was created in 1656/60 by the sculptor Salomon Steinhoff, from whom the canon pews, which are no longer preserved, also came. After the destruction of the Second World War, it was rebuilt.
  • The former monastery church of the Dominican Sisters, now serving as the city ​​museum, is a single-nave, early Gothic brick building. It was founded by Duke Primislaus between 1299 and 1306 together with the Virgins' Monastery and was not consecrated until 1335. After a fire in 1637, the church was rebuilt and given a baroque roof turret. After secularization, it served as a Protestant church from 1813 to 1916. The city museum has been housed in it since 1927.
  • The branch church St. Jakobus d. Ä. ( St. Jakobi Church ) was founded by Duke Mieszko II in 1246 and consecrated in 1258. The former Dominican monastery church is a Gothic brick church that was rebuilt several times after fires. It contains a baroque interior as well as a crypt of Count Gashin . The monastery building was demolished after the secularization in 1810.
  • The pilgrimage church of St. Maria was built between 1723 and 1736 as a wall pillar church. The neo-baroque main altar dates from 1870, the four late baroque side altars and the pulpit from the 18th century.
  • The parish church of St. Nikolaus was built from 1900 to 1902 according to a design by the architect Ludwig Schneider in place of a Gothic church from the 13th century. It contains a uniform neo-Gothic interior.
  • The floor-rise tower ( Baszta miejska or Baszta Więzienna ) is a fortified tower, which was part of the city wall, which was first mentioned in 1306 and dragged 1817-1828. In its current form, the tower was built in 1574 in the Renaissance style. The rather low defensive tower is structured in the upper area by a wide cornice and blind arcades above. The storey tower is characterized by four flanking turrets that tower above the flat tent roof.
  • The late classicist courthouse was built between 1823 and 1826 according to plans by Karl Friedrich Schinkel .
  • The Catholic-Protestant cemetery on Opawska Street is now a park named after the German twin town Roth . Only a tombstone still bears witness to its earlier use.
  • The Eichendorff memorial stands near the Church of the Assumption of Mary ( Church of Our Lady ).
  • The Nepomuk figure in the Ostrog district was donated by Karl Heinrich Graf von Sobeck around 1733 and executed by Johann Melchior Oesterreich. The late baroque stone figure on a high pedestal with a heraldic cartouche and chronogram is surrounded by angels.
  • Old Halinka locomotive on the station forecourt
  • Boulder in Racibórz on the Freedom Square
and display information about the image
Panorama of the ring in Racibórz

Communal

Town twinning

Monument to the twin cities in Racibórz

Racibórz maintains town twinning with

In addition, there has been a friendship with Rendsburg in Schleswig-Holstein since 1995 and a partnership between the Powiat Raciborski and the Märkischer Kreis since 2001 .

Culture, education and sport

Stadium of the OSiR club

The following cultural institutions are located in Racibórz:

  • Raciborskie Centrum Kultury
  • Dom Kultury Strzecha
  • Młodzieżowy Dom Kultury
  • Racibórz City Museum
  • Towarzystwo Miłośników Ziemi Raciborskiej
  • Miejska Biblioteka Publiczna

In addition to 14 primary schools, 6 grammar schools and 9 secondary schools, Racibórz also has a higher education institution.

Sport is one of the most important fields of interest for the city's residents. Within the urban area of ​​Racibórz there are:

  • 3 sports halls,
  • 2 indoor pools,
  • 8 tennis courts,
  • 26 gymnastics halls,
  • an ice rink and a shooting club.
  • RTP Unia Racibórz

Rowing

Rowers on the Oder near Racibórz (1913)

Racibórz has a long tradition in rowing . In 1888, the oldest rowing club in Upper Silesia was founded here, which from 1913 had its own boathouse on the Oder and from 1929 until its dissolution as a result of the Second World War in 1945 organized national regattas between Racibórz and the town of Koźle . In 2016 the rowing club was revived under the current name Raciborskie Towarzystwo Wioślarskie (RTW), and in 2018 it was officially entered in the local club register. Today's rowing club uses the restored boathouse on Ulica Zamkowa 2A and is mainly active in popular sports . A focus of the association's activities is also the promotion of young people, also in other water sports disciplines .

Age and employment structure

In 2006, 18.78% of the residents of Racibórz 'were younger than 17 years, 66.08% were of working age (19–65 years) and 15.14% were older than 65. The unemployment rate of the Powiat Raciborski was in September 2008 5.2% and was thus below the values ​​of the voivodeship (6.7%) and Poland (8.9%).

Traffic routes

Dworzec PKS

The following regional roads run through Racibórz:

  • droga krajowa nr 45: Chałupki - Racibórz - Opole - Kluczbork - Praszka - Wieluń - Złoczew
  • droga wojewódzka nr 416: Krapkowice - Głogówek - Głubczyce - Kietrz - Racibórz
  • droga wojewódzka nr 915: Racibórz - Zawada Książęca - Ciechowice
  • droga wojewódzka nr 916: Pietraszyn - Samborowice - Racibórz
  • droga wojewódzka nr 917: Krzanowice - Racibórz - Sudół
  • droga wojewódzka nr 919: Racibórz - Rudy -Sośnicowice
  • droga wojewódzka nr 935: Racibórz - Rydułtowy - Rybnik - Żory - Pszczyna

Rail transport

Racibórz is located on the Kędzierzyn-Koźle-Bohumín (Kandrzin-Cosel-Oderberg) railway , which, however, only operates as far as the border town Chałupki (Annaberg). The only express train that remained was one to Olsztyn (Allenstein). The Racibórz – Krnov (Jägerndorf) railway branches off at the Racibórz station, while the Racibórz – Kravaře ve Slezsku (German-Kravarn) railway branched off from the former Racibórz Studzienna station to the south-west . On the other side of the Oder, in the Racibórz Markowice station, the Racibórz – Olza railway branched off .

From March 25, 1899 to 1993, Gleiwitz was connected to Ratibor by a narrow-gauge railway . The track width was 785 mm. In 2013 there was still a museum railway company in Groß Rauden .

Personalities

Picture postcard with a picture of the Eichendorff monument from 1909

sons and daughters of the town

To 1900

From 1901

Personalities associated with the city

Honorary Citizen Herbert Hupka

literature

  • Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 662–668 .
  • Karl August Müller: Patriotic images, or history and description of all castles and knight palaces in Silesia and the county of Glatz. Second edition, Glogau 1844, pp. 165–171.
  • Augustin Weltzel : History of the city of Ratibor . Self-published by the author and on commission from Fr. Thiele, Ratibor 1861 ( e-copy ). Optional: Download as PDF, edition of the Bavarian State Library , alternatively digital-sammlungen.de .
  • Augustin Bogislaus Wentzel: History of the Ratiborer Archypresbiteriates . Wroclaw 1885.
  • Georg Hyckel : Ratibor. A guide to the city and its history . Upper Silesian Company Printing Office, Ratibor 1929.
  • Georg Hyckel: Ratibor stories. Images from the history of the city of Racibórz. Based on documents from old archives . Tourist office, Ratibor 1937.
  • Georg Hyckel: History of the city of Ratibor :
    • Part 1. Early to 1336 . Tourist office, Ratibor 1937.
    • Part 2. The Middle Ages . Oberschlesischer Heimatverlag, Augsburg 1956.
  • Georg Hyckel: The administration of the city of Ratibor from 1532-1741 . In: Kurt Engelberg (Ed.): Archives for Silesian History . Vol. 2, August Lax Verlag, Hildesheim 1964.
  • Georg Hyckel: Chronicle of Ratibor O / S. A way through the century . In: Der Ratiborer , 1965.
  • Georg Hyckel: Ratibor (Racibórz) . In: Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 426-430.
  • Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , pp. 787–792
  • Patricia Kennedy Grimsted: Roads to Ratibor: Library and Archival Plunder by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg , Holocaust and Genocide Studies Vol. 19, No. 3, 2005, pp. 390–458
  • Ratibor . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 13, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 589.
  • Thomas Wardenga: House book of the city of Ratibor (18th and 19th centuries) . Gebr. Mann Verlag , Berlin 1995 ISBN 978-3-7861-1920-3
  • Siegfried Badziura: Childhood in Silesia in the post-war period . Novum Verlag, 2014, ISBN 978-3-99038-220-2 (also available as an e-book )

Web links

Commons : Racibórz  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wikisource: Ratibor in the Topographia Bohemiae, Moraviae et Silesiae  - sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b c Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 16, Leipzig / Vienna 1908, p. 615.
  3. ^ Incorporation of Altendorf
  4. ↑ territorial.de
  5. ↑ raciborz.pl: Flaga i nowy herb miasta , 2013 ( Memento of April 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Cf. Otto Hupp: The coats of arms and seals of the German cities. 1898
  7. ↑ Ludwig Petry , Josef Joachim Menzel (Hrsg.): Geschichte Schlesiens. Volume 2: The Habsburg Era, 1526–1740. 3rd unchanged edition. Thorbecke, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-7995-6342-3 , p. 64.
  8. ^ Ratibor city district
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. ratibor.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ↑ Department of Polish Cultural Heritage Abroad in the Polish Ministry of Culture and National Heritage : Objects lost in World War II ( Kustodia )
  11. ↑ a b c d e f g h i Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865. online
  12. ↑ a b Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Wroclaw 1845
  13. ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 167-169, item 1.
  14. ^ Klaus Ullmann: Schlesien - Lexikon , Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg 1996
  15. ↑ a b c GUS  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.stat.gov.pl  
  16. ↑ Cf. Main Office of Statistics (GUS) ( Memento from December 17, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ↑ See article on the palace chapel in: Ewa Chojecka et al.: Sztuka Górnego Śląska od Średniowiecza do końca XX wieku. Muzeum Śląskie, Katowice 2004, ISBN 83-87455-77-6 .
  18. ↑ Günther Grundmann: Places of Remembrance . Bergstadt Verlag, pp. 93-94
  19. ↑ Polish Main Statistical Office CIS ( Memento of the original from February 16, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.stat.gov.pl
  20. ↑ Cf. Arbeitsamt Kattowitz ( Memento of the original from September 23, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (Polish) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.pup.katowice.pl