Casimir I (Opole-Ratibor)
Casimir I of Opole , also Casimir I of Opole-Ratibor ; Polish Kazimierz I opolski ; Czech Kazimír I. Opolský , (* 1178 or 1179; † May 13, 1230 ) was from 1211 to 1230 Duke of Opole - Ratibor . He came from the Opole branch of the Silesian Piasts .
Origin and family
Casimir was the only son of Duke Mieszko I of Ratibor-Opole and Ludmilla († 1211), who was probably a Přemyslidin . She is considered to be the founder of the Rybnik Premonstratensian Monastery, which Duke Casimir moved to Czarnowanz in 1228 . After 1212 Kazimir married Viola of Bulgaria († 1251). Children came from marriage
- Mieszko II. († 1246)
- Wladislaus I of Opole († 1281)
- Wenceslasava († after 1230)
- Euphrosyne († 1292), married since 1257 to Duke Casimir I of Kujawien († 1267), second marriage to Duke Mestwin II of Pomerania .
Life
Casimir succeeded his late father Mieszko I as Duke of Opole-Ratibor in 1211 and presumably resided as the first duke in Opole . Before 1217 he called immigrants ( hospites ) from the West to Opole and Ratibor , to whom he granted certain privileges and rights under German and Flemish law. This in turn he gave in 1217 to the aristocratic owners of the Leschnitz market . In 1222, Casimir allowed the Breslau bishop Lorenz to settle Germans in the episcopal area of Ujest . With a founding deed issued in 1225, he granted the German settlers of Kostenthal the same privileges as the citizens of Zülz had. 1226 he authenticated at the request of the Wroclaw bishop of the city of Rosenberg their old customs statutes. In the same year he confirmed the donation of 1000 hooves to the Leubus Monastery , which Duke Jaroslaus had given to the Cistercians from Pforta between the rivers Hotzenplotz and Straduna . The renewed donation was necessary because after Yaroslav's death in 1201 his father Boleslaus , who also died a short time later, persuaded the Cistercians to give up the area. His successor, Kasimir's father Mieszko, confirmed the donation, but refused to hand over the 1000 hooves. In 1228 Casimir gave the village of Falkenberg to his palatine Clemens and his brother Virbecha, who had to carry out construction work on the Opole castle.
Casimir died in 1230. Duke Heinrich I took over the guardianship of his underage children , who in turn was able to extend his power to all of Silesia . Kasimir's widow Viola he assigned the areas of Kalisch and Ruda .
literature
- Historical Commission for Silesia (Ed.): History of Silesia. Volume 1: Ludwig Petry , Josef Joachim Menzel, Winfried Irgang (eds.): From primeval times to the year 1526. 5th, revised edition. Thorbecke, Sigmaringen 1988, ISBN 3-7995-6341-5 , pp. 90, 93 and 97.
- Ulrich Schmilewski: Oppeln, dukes of .. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 19, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-428-00200-8 , pp. 558 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , pp. 20, 75, 91, 244, 277, 379, 380, 427 and 444 as well as family tree on pp. 596–597.
- Rudolf Žáček: Dějiny Slezska v datech. Nakladatelství Libri, Praha 2004, ISBN 80-7277-172-8 , pp. 29, 40, 43, 439 and 444.
Web links
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Casimir I. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Casimir I of Opole-Ratibor; Casimir I of Upper Silesia; Kazimierz I opolski (Polish); Kazimír I. Opolský (Czech) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Duke of Opole and Ratibor (1211–1230) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1178 or 1179 |
| DATE OF DEATH | May 13, 1230 |