Victor Amadeus (Hessen-Rotenburg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Victor Amadeus

Victor Amadeus von Hessen-Rotenburg (born September 2, 1779 at Rotenburg Castle , † November 12, 1834 in Zembowitz , district of Rosenberg OS ) was the last Landgrave of Hessen-Rotenburg from 1812, from 1815 Prince of Corvey and from 1821 Duke of Ratibor .

Life

Victor Amadeus was a son of Landgrave Karl Emanuel von Hessen-Rotenburg (1746-1812) and his wife Leopoldine (1754-1823), daughter of Prince Franz Josef I von und zu Liechtenstein . During the reign of Karl Emanuel, the occupation of Electorate Hesse by Napoléon fell in 1806 and in 1807 the establishment of the Kingdom of Westphalia for Napoléon's youngest brother Jérôme Bonaparte . The partial sovereignty of the Landgraviate of Hessen-Rotenburg was still recognized.

When King Jérôme von Westphalen appointed Victor Amadeus as his chamberlain without being asked, Victor Amadeus refused, stating that he was an imperial subject: Sankt Goar and Rheinfels Castle also belonged to Hessen-Rotenburg , and they had since become part of Napoléon's empire. Then Jérôme accused him of Felonie , whereupon Victor Amadeus fled to St. Goar. The emperor finally declared the prince a Westphalian subject. After the death of his father, Victor Amadeus was forced to transfer the Palais Hessen-Rotenburg in Kassel to the unloved king in order to repay a sum of 35,000 thalers owed to the expelled Elector of Hessen-Kassel and now claimed by Jérôme . Only after the handover of the palace did Jérôme confirm him as prince on July 10, 1813; Victor Amadeus, however, still refused to enter the service of Jérôme.

After the restitution of Kurhessen in 1813, Victor Amadeus returned to his undiminished rights as Landgrave of Hessen-Rotenburg. In 1820, as a late consequence of the Congress of Vienna in 1815, he received from the King of Prussia the rulers Ratibor and Corvey, who were simultaneously elevated to media principalities , as a replacement for the areas left of the Rhine (St. Goar and Rheinfels Castle) that were lost to France in 1807 and fell to Prussia in 1815 , both under Prussian sovereignty, as an allodial property .

He refused to participate in the creation of the new constitutional document for the administrative reform of 1821 in Kurhessen. He considered the provisions to be non-binding for himself and his possessions. There were repeated negotiations with the Landgrave in order to persuade him to cede all his rights and properties in Hesse in exchange for a severance payment, which initially amounted to 450,000 thalers. In the years 1825 to 1833 he moved the Rotenburg court library with its 36,000 volumes to Corvey, where it still exists today as the Princely Corvey Library .

family

His godfather was an uncle from the related royal family of Savoy . Victor Amadeus was the last Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg. His first marriage was from 1799 to Leopoldina von Fürstenberg-Stühlingen, childless. After her death in 1806, he married Elisabeth zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg in 1812, who gave birth to a dead daughter. After the death of his second wife in 1830, Victor Amadeus married Eleonore von Salm-Reifferscheidt-Krautheim in 1831. This marriage also remained childless. With this, the house of Hessen-Rotenburg went out in 1834 and the Rotenburger Quart fell back to Hessen-Kassel after more than 200 years.

His possessions except Hessian Ratibor and Corvey he inherited with Testament of 1825 his nephew Victor to Hohenlohe , the hereditary prince to Hohenlohe . Hereditary Prince Viktor accepted the title Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey at the age of majority in 1840, renouncing his Schillingsfürster inheritance claims .

literature

  • Small guide to the Rotenburger Quart 1627–1834 and the Princely House of Hesse-Rotenburg. History Association Altkreis Rotenburg, ISBN 3-00-010155-1
  • Messages from the Association for Hessian History and Regional Studies eV Kassel. ISSN  0176-3121
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: Hereditary Prince Viktor Amadeus of Hesse-Rotenburg. Childhood, education and study. In: Corvey-Journal 2 (3) 1990. pp. 34-40.
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: 180 years ago. Landgrave Viktor Amadeus and Landgrave Elise von Hessen-Rotenburg visit Prince-Bishop Ferdinand von Lüninck in Corvey. In: Höxter-Corvey. Monthly magazine of the home and tourist association Höxter. 48 (10) 2000. pp. 11-26.
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: The old and the new gentlemen. The Corveyer Prince-Bishop Ferdinand von Lüninck and Landgrave Viktor Amadeus von Hessen-Rotenburg. In: Omnibus. NF No. 34, 2000. pp. 41-43.
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: Landgrave Viktor Amadeus von Hessen-Rotenburg (1779–1834) died 170 years ago. In: Höxter-Corvey. Monthly magazine of the home and tourist association Höxter. 52 (4) 2004. pp. 5-9.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This approximately 34,000 hectare area in Upper Silesia consisted for the most part of forest and had already been acquired in 1812 by the then electoral prince Wilhelm of Hessen-Kassel.
predecessor Office successor
Karl Emanuel Landgrave of Hessen-Rotenburg
1812–1834 		Return to Hessen-Kassel
personal data
SURNAME Victor Amadeus
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hessen-Rotenburg, Prince Victor Amadeus von (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Landgrave of Hessen-Rotenburg
DATE OF BIRTH September 2, 1779
PLACE OF BIRTH Rotenburg Castle
DATE OF DEATH November 12, 1834
Place of death Zembowitz , district of Rosenberg OS