Victor I of Ratibor

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Viktor Duke of Ratibor

Victor Moritz Karl I. Duke of Ratibor, Prince of Corvey (until 1840 Victor Moritz Karl Hereditary Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst ; born  February 10, 1818 in Langenburg , † January 30, 1893 in Rauden ) was a German nobleman and politician.

Life

Origin and education

He came from the Schillingsfürst branch of the Hohenlohe Princely Family . His father was Prince Franz zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1787–1841). The mother was Constanze (née Hohenlohe-Langenburg) (1792–1847). The brothers included Chlodwig zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , later Chancellor of the Reich, the Curia Cardinal Gustav Adolf zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , and the Austrian chief steward Konstantin zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst , two other brothers died early.

After attending school in Ansbach and taking private lessons in Corvey, he attended the royal high school in Erfurt . He then studied law and modern languages ​​in Göttingen , Bonn , Heidelberg and Lausanne . He also made extensive trips to Switzerland , Italy , France and England .

As a result, his father Prince Franz zu Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (Corvey) and his mother Constanze (Ratibor) managed the property inherited from Landgrave Viktor Amadeus von Hessen-Rotenburg . In addition to the former Corvey monastery in Westphalia, this included the rulership of Ratibor in Upper Silesia . This area was 34,000 hectares and mainly consisted of forest areas.

After the death of his father, Prince Viktor was awarded the title " Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey" by King Friedrich Wilhelm IV in 1840 . He renounced all inheritance claims and dynastic titles in Schillingsfürst in favor of his younger brother.

Military career

He performed his military service at a young age in the cavalry . He was first Baden major in 1844 , and from July 1850 Prussian major . In the 1850s he repeatedly commanded the 2nd Landwehr Uhlan Regiment during exercises  . In the German War of 1866 and in the Franco-German War he organized voluntary nursing as chairman of the Association of Silesian Knights of Malta . September 2, 1873, he had the character as a cavalry general à la suite .

Political mandates

In 1847 Ratibor was a member of the United Diet . There he belonged to the gentlemen's curia. Between 1856 and 1893 he was a member of the Provincial Parliament for Silesia . At first he was state marshal of the assembly. After the introduction of the new provincial order, he was repeatedly chairman. He was also a member of the second chamber of the Prussian state parliament from 1849 to 1852 . In 1850 Ratibor was a member of the Erfurt Union Parliament . From 1867 to 1870 he was a member of the North German Reichstag and from 1872 to 1890 of the German Reichstag . In addition, Ratibor was a member of the Prussian manor house from 1854 to 1893 . In the latter, he was a co-founder of the New Fraction in 1870/72 and was President of the House from 1877 to 1893.

Coat of arms Duke of Ratibor - Prince of Corvey, Prince of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst

Political stance

Ratibor belonged to the liberal-conservative aristocracy who, unlike the highly conservatives, were not opposed to political reforms from the outset. He was a supporter of Otto von Bismarck . He was also one of the founding members of the Free Conservative Party . In this, however, he was more of a representative than a political engine. Because of his relatives he had excellent international relations.

Ratibor was chairman of the Cooperative of the Knights of Malta in Silesia since 1870 . Shaped by a tradition of the Catholic Enlightenment , he was hostile to contemporary ultramontanism . With the First Vatican Council he came into conflict with the official Church. From 1873, Ratibor was at the head of a state Catholic movement that supported the Kulturkampf . This conflict led to the split of the Knights of Malta in Silesia. Ratibor thus lost its presidency.

Patron and social life

In addition to politics, Ratibor emerged as a sponsor of social and charitable organizations as well as a sponsor of art. In 1860 he supported Heinrich Hoffmann von Fallersleben by working in the Corvey library .

Ratibor was chairman of the association for the Berlin industrial museum . He also presided over the “Union Club”, the organizer of horse races. He was also the chairman of the Central Committee of the Association for the Introduction and Support of Home Industry in Upper Silesia.

He was a jury member at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1867 and at the World Exhibition in Vienna in 1873 .

Ratibor owned a palace not far from the Reichstag, which became a meeting place for the nobility, the upper classes and artists.

family

In 1845 Viktor Ratibor married Princess Amelie zu Fürstenberg (1821–1899), a daughter of Prince Karl Egon von Fürstenberg (1796–1854). A first daughter died as a toddler. After that, the couple had nine sons and daughters together, including the ambassador Max von Ratibor and Corvey and the high president of Westphalia, Karl Prinz von Ratibor and Corvey . His successor was his son Victor II. Amadeus of Ratibor .

  • Amalie (born October 3, 1846 - † August 25, 1847)
  • Victor II (September 6, 1847 - August 9, 1923)
  • Franz Carl (born April 6, 1849 - † May 27, 1925)
  • Elisabeth (February 27, 1851 - October 5, 1928)
  • Egon (January 4, 1853 - February 10, 1896)
  • Marie Therese (born June 27, 1854 - † May 29, 1928)
  • Maximilian (February 9, 1856 - January 12, 1924)
  • Ernst Emanuel (born November 10, 1857 - † February 25, 1891)
  • Karl Egon (7 July 1860 - 11 April 1931)
  • Margarethe (February 3, 1863 - June 4, 1940)

Awards

literature

  • Hartwin Spenkuch:  Ratibor, Viktor Herzog von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , p. 181 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hermann Krüger (ed.): Chronicle of the Prussian manor house. A commemorative book to commemorate the manor's 30th anniversary . Berlin 1885, pp. 5-8
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: Viktor I. Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey, Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst (1818-1893) . In: Westphalian magazine. Volume 144, 1994. pp. 266-280; Digitized version (PDF)
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: From Franconia to Westphalia and Silesia. The Hereditary Prince of Hohenlohe-Schillingsfürst becomes first Duke of Ratibor and Prince of Corvey . In: Franconia. 3/2003. Pp. 207-212.
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: The ducal house Ratibor and Corvey. 7th expanded edition . Börde-Verlag, Werl 2012 (German Princely Houses, 5).
  • Günter Tiggesbäumker: "Ex flammis orior" - The Hohenlohe House in Corvey, Westphalia . In: Yearbook of the Historical Association for Middle Franconia . Volume 104, 2016. pp. 527-554.
  • Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 7, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1939], DNB 367632829 , p. 91, no. 2162.
  • Gustav von Glasenapp : Military Biographies of the Officer Corps of the Prussian Army. Berlin 1868, p. 147, Textarchiv - Internet Archive .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Fritz Specht, Paul Schwabe: The Reichstag elections from 1867 to 1903. Statistics of the Reichstag elections together with the programs of the parties and a list of the elected representatives. 2nd Edition. Carl Heymann Verlag, Berlin 1904, p. 71.
  2. ↑ Bernd Haunfelder , Klaus Erich Pollmann : Reichstag of the North German Confederation 1867-1870. Historical photographs and biographical handbook (= photo documents on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 2). Droste, Düsseldorf 1989, ISBN 3-7700-5151-3 , photo p. 263, short biography p. 452.
personal data
SURNAME Ratibor, Victor I. von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Ratibor, Viktor Moritz Karl I. Duke of; Prince of Corvey; Hohenlohe-Waldenburg-Schillingsfürst, Viktor Moritz Karl von (former name until 1840)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German nobleman and politician, MdR
DATE OF BIRTH February 10, 1818
PLACE OF BIRTH Langenburg
DATE OF DEATH January 30, 1893
Place of death Rauden