Langenburg

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Langenburg
Langenburg
Map of Germany, location of the city of Langenburg highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 15 '  N , 9 ° 51'  E

Basic data
State : Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region : Stuttgart
County : Schwäbisch Hall
Height : 439 m above sea level NHN
Area : 31.4 km 2
Residents: 1831 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density : 58 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 74595
Area code : 07905
License plate : SHA, BK , CR
Community key : 08 1 27 047

City administration address : 		Hauptstrasse 15
74595 Langenburg
Website : www.langenburg.de
Mayor : Wolfgang Class
Location of the city of Langenburg in the Schwäbisch Hall district
Bayern Hohenlohekreis Landkreis Heilbronn Main-Tauber-Kreis Neckar-Odenwald-Kreis Ostalbkreis Rems-Murr-Kreis Blaufelden Braunsbach Bühlertann Bühlerzell Bühlerzell Crailsheim Fichtenau Fichtenberg Frankenhardt Gaildorf Gerabronn Ilshofen Ilshofen Kirchberg an der Jagst Kreßberg Langenburg Mainhardt Michelbach an der Bilz Michelfeld Oberrot Obersontheim Rosengarten (Landkreis Schwäbisch Hall) Rot am See Satteldorf Schrozberg Schwäbisch Hall Stimpfach Sulzbach-Laufen Untermünkheim Vellberg Wallhausen (Württemberg) Wolpertshausenmap
About this picture
Langenburg with the castle in the foreground.

Langenburg is a town in the Franconian north-east of Baden-Württemberg in the Hohenlohe region and belongs to the Schwäbisch Hall district . The city was first mentioned in a document in 1226. From 1568 until the mediatization in 1806, Langenburg was the residential city of the county and the later principality of Hohenlohe-Langenburg. With 1909 inhabitants (as of May 2019) Langenburg is one of the smallest cities in the state of Baden-Württemberg.

geography

Geographical location

The urban area of ​​Langenburg is located as the crow flies about 47 km east-northeast of Heilbronn in the middle of Hohenlohe at an altitude between a little below 280 and a little over 491  m above sea level. NHN predominantly to the right of the Jagst , a right tributary of the Neckar .

The central town itself sits about 150 feet above the valley floor of the deep in the limestone incised Jagst on a mountain spur on a Western Talschlinge the river at about 410- 478  m above sea level. NHN .

City structure

The town of Langenburg with the formerly independent municipality of Bächlingen includes nine other villages, hamlets , farms and houses in addition to the core town of Langenburg .

The town of Langenburg in the territorial status of January 31, 1972 includes the core town of Langenburg, the hamlets of Atzenrod, Ludwigsruhe , Oberregenbach and Unterregenbach and the Neuhof homestead.

The villages of Bächlingen and Nesselbach, the hamlet of Hürden and the Herrenmühle house belong to the former municipality of Bächlingen.

In the urban area of ​​Langenburg are the abandoned villages of Aloswiler (also Adlatzweiler and Adelotsweiler), Katzenstein (Katzenstein Castle ) and Maisenbrunnen (all to Bächlingen) as well as Eichholz, Falkenstein (castle), Ilgenbach, Lindenbronn, Oberrakkoldshausen and Reissenbronn (Reisach).

Division of space

The Langenburg area extends a maximum of 7.4 kilometers from north to south, and a maximum of 6.3 kilometers from west to east. The area of ​​the urban area including the districts covers 31.4 km², which are composed as follows.

According to data from the State Statistical Office , as of 2014.

Neighboring communities

The city borders in the north on the municipality of Blaufelden , in the east on the city of Gerabronn , in the south on the city of Ilshofen (district Obersteinach), in the west on the municipality Braunsbach and in the northwest on Künzelsau , the district town of Hohenlohekreis and the municipality Mulfingen (also Hohenlohekreis).

history

Early history

A prehistoric settlement of the ridge on which Langenburg lies is likely, but not proven. From 500 BC BC Celts moved into the region and built four-cornered entrenchments , including a facility two kilometers east of today's urban area. This hill is dated to the late Celtic La Tène period through the discovery of fragments of bowls with a vaulted rim, pots decorated with combs and remains of a graphite clay vessel . It is believed that it could have been a manor with central functions of power, cult and court. In today's district of Unterregenbach, three kilometers north in the Jagsttal, there is evidence of a manor house with a residential tower.

The history of the city of Langenburg begins with the foundation of a hilltop castle on a mountain spur, the Langenberg , which protrudes to the west . It is assumed that a noble family moved its seat from Unterregenbach to the strategically more favorable location before 1200. Subsequently, the family named themselves after their seat. The castle and town of Langenburg were first mentioned in 1226 as Langenberg Castrum et oppidum in a document from the Bishop of Würzburg. During this time there were probably only a few houses outside the castle, the residents of which settled here to supply the lord of the castle. There was no church in the place, until 1556 Langenburg was parish to Bächlingen. The place was fortified by a hag ( garden fence, hedge ), which consisted of strong tree branches, tufts of brushwood and poles.

The free lords of Langenburg, who entered history in 1201 but died out in 1253, were in close, probably related, relationship with the lords of Hohenlohe . After the Langenburgs died out, the Hohenlohe family took over their inheritance. So the place came to Hohenlohe and shared the fate of the principality in the following centuries. As in other Hohenlohe official seats, a limited local self-government developed here. In the years 1499 to 1502, Count Kraft VI. von Hohenlohe build the first church in Langenburg by builder Hanns Schramm, the Holy Blood Chapel , which is the nucleus of today's church. However, Bächlingen remained the parish seat.

In December 1507 shootings in Langenburg are reported, which are associated with Conz Schott von Schottenstein .

Langenburg, copper engraving by Matthäus Merian around 1650

In 1568 Langenburg became the seat of the county and the later principality of Hohenlohe-Langenburg when Count Wolfgang (1546–1610) moved his court to the castle, which was previously the seat of a bailiff . Under his successor, Count Philipp Ernst von Hohenlohe (1584–1628), building activity began in the city. The city wall with gate and gate tower as well as official and town houses were built, which is almost completely preserved today. Although the ruling House of Hohenlohe was split into several lines, the Reformation was introduced into the entire historical Hohenlohe landscape by the sovereigns by 1556 . From 1576 to the mediatization of the County of Hohenlohe in 1806 there was a court preaching in Langenburg, with which the office of the city pastor and from 1579 on the office of superintendent was connected. Even before the Thirty Years' War , the 12th century castle was rebuilt under Count Philipp Ernst into Langenburg Castle in the Renaissance style. During the Thirty Years War, Langenburg was badly devastated by imperial troops. Between 1500 and 1806, like all of Hohenlohe, the city belonged to the Franconian Empire .

Langenburg train station, around 1900

Württemberg time

In 1806 Langenburg fell to the Kingdom of Württemberg and from 1811 belonged to the Oberamt Gerabronn .

As early as the middle of the 19th century, the city tried to get a rail connection. Several attempts to be connected to the main rail network of the Württemberg State Railways failed, however , as part of the planning of the Heilbronn – Nuremberg railway line or the Bad Mergentheim – Aalen Taubertal Railway . In 1892, planning began for a 12 km long branch line that was to lead from Langenburg to Blaufelden. The funds required for this were released on June 30, 1898, so that construction work began in May 1899. The station buildings of Langenburg and Ludwigsruhe were built as standardized stations of type IIIa and IIa, respectively. Nine months later, on Monday, January 22, 1900, the route was finally opened. Until the final closure of the line in 1996, the city was connected to the railway network via a railway line to Blaufelden . Passenger traffic on the route ceased in 1963.

The administrative reform during the Nazi era in Württemberg led to membership in the Crailsheim district in 1938 .

In contrast to the surrounding villages, Langenburg was spared from fighting during the Second World War . The fact that a military hospital was set up in the castle a few weeks before the end of the war may have contributed significantly to this.

post war period

In 1945 Langenburg fell into the American occupation zone and thus belonged to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Baden . When Baden-Württemberg was founded in 1952, Langenburg became part of the current state.

In 1963 the castle was badly damaged in a fire. On February 1, 1972, the previously independent municipality of Bächlingen was incorporated into Langenburg. With the district reform of 1973 Langenburg came on January 1, 1973 from the Crailsheim district, which was dissolved, to the Schwäbisch Hall district .

Population development

Population figures according to the respective area. The figures up to 1961 are estimates, afterwards they are official updates by the respective statistical offices (only main residences). With an average of 57 inhabitants per square kilometer, Langenburg is far below the state average of Baden-Württemberg, which is stated by the State Statistical Office as 301 inhabitants per km². In Langenburg (with Atzenrod, Ludwigsruhe and Neuhof) there are 1307 inhabitants, in Ober- and Unterregenbach 134, in Bächlingen (with hurdles) 200 and in Nesselbach 110.

year 1933 1939 1961 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011
Residents 1174 1088 2084 2100 1833 1922 1848 1739

Religions

The Reformation was introduced in the city of Langenburg by the Prince of Hohenlohe . The city became the seat of a superintendent. After the transition to Württemberg, Langenburg became the seat of a deanery of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg . With effect from January 1, 1976, the deanery or the parish of Langenburg was merged with the neighboring parish of Blaufelden . Since then, the parish of Langenburg with its three parishes Bächlingen, Langenburg and Unterregenbach has belonged to the church district of Blaufelden.

The Catholic parish of Langenburg is assigned to the Gerabronn parish.

politics

mayor

The non-party Wolfgang Class has been the mayor of Langenburg since 2002. In the election on May 9, 2010, he ran unopposed. Class received 94.61% of the votes cast. The turnout was 50%. In the April 2018 election, incumbent Class received 92.6% of the vote.

Municipal council

In Langenburg, the municipal council is elected using the spurious selection of a part of town. The number of local councils can change due to overhang mandates . The local elections on May 25, 2014 led to the following official final result. The turnout was 66.2% (2009: 63.1%). The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.

  • Free citizens' list Langenburg: 4 seats, (2009: 5 seats)
  • Free electoral roll (FREE): 7 seats, (2009: 7 seats)
  • List of quality of life and nature (LeNa): 4 seats, (2009: 0 seats)

badges and flags

The Langenburg coat of arms on the town hall

The blazon of the Langenburg coat of arms reads: In a divided shield above in black a striding golden lion, below with gold and black (four rows). The city flag is yellow and black.

The first city ​​seals of Langenburg appeared around 1600 , showing the coat of arms of the Lords of Langenburg - the lion and the chess - in various modifications, in whole or in part. The lion was sometimes depicted with a crown, instead of the shaft there was also a double row of diamonds or the capital letter L (from the late 17th century). After consultation with the Stuttgart Main State Archives, the original chess was reintroduced. The city's coat of arms and flag were awarded on January 17, 1979 by the district office of the Schwäbisch Hall district.

Culture and sights

The Langenburg History and Culture Association , which was founded in 2003 and is housed in the old school , takes care of culture and the city's history.It takes care of the preservation and renovation of historical buildings such as the Löchner Schmiede and the Waldhaus, looks after the city archive and initiated the 2011 project A city library reopened.

Museums

Langenburg Castle
The Löchner forge

The castle museum has been accessible on guided tours since 1960. It shows in seven museum rooms (wooden corridor, new dining room, archive room, baroque hall, king corner room, Feodora library, linden tree trunk room) as well as in the renaissance inner courtyard and the palace chapel stately living and living culture. You can see period furniture , tapestries, pictures, faience, porcelain and a collection of weapons, armor and hunting trophies from past centuries.

The automobile museum , which opened in 1970 and is housed in the former depot of the castle, shows around 80 vintage cars , almost all of which are ready to drive.

The Carl Julius Weber Memorial Room is located in the town hall and commemorates the writer and satirist Carl Julius Weber who was born here . The room contains period furniture and a collection of Weber's writings, and it is also used as a wedding room. In addition, the books and pictures of the writer Agnes Günther are exhibited, who lived as dean's wife in Langenburg from 1891 to 1907 and wrote her world-famous novel The Holy and Her Fool (published 1913) here.

The Hohenloher Kunstverein shows changing exhibitions of contemporary art in the former Hofratshaus .

The Löchner smithy on Hauptstraße is an originally preserved blacksmith and cart smithy from the 1930s. It is accessible as part of guided tours, action days and by appointment.

In the Langenburg suburb of Unterregenbach, the excavation museum in the old schoolhouse shows exhibits from the archaeological investigations of the lost basilica, which was built between 980 and 1020. The crypt below the rectory and some remains of the wall below the floor of the nave of today's Protestant parish church of St. Vitus have been preserved. The crypt is accessible all year round, the excavation museum and the area below the floor of the parish church only by appointment.

Buildings

The city gate

In the historic town center of Langenburg, which is a listed building as a whole , numerous architectural monuments have been preserved. The Langenburg castle , a Renaissance -Schloss with baroque castle garden and the family residence of the Prince of Hohenlohe-Langenburg, located on the front top of the hill projection. Part of the complex is open to the public as a castle museum. The under monument protection standing family mausoleum Hohenlohe-Langenburg was Prince Hermann zu Hohenlohe-Langenburg 1904 in memory of his late wife in 1903 Leopoldine of Baden commissioned.

The Langenburg transmitter has been located in Langenburg since 1961 .

A 32 meter high reinforced concrete water tower was built from 1959 to 1961.

Regular events

  • The Princely Garden Days , annually on the first weekend in September.
  • The Oldtimer-Treffen Langenburg Historic (formerly Langenburg Classic)
  • Concerts of the Hohenlohe cultural summer

Culinary specialty

Wibele

A Langenburg specialty is wibele , a small sponge cake (22 × 12 mm) made from two dough drops connected together. It has a similar consistency to Russian bread , but is not brown, but white, tastes and smells like vanilla. It was invented by court confectioner Wibel in the 18th century and later named after him. The Long Burger Café Bauer is allowed to make only company "Real wibele", as the former owner with the Patent Office in Berlin in 1911 the name of protecting allowed. Wibele without the addition "real" are also produced elsewhere.

Economy and Infrastructure

570 jobs are registered in Langenburg. 401 inbound commuters compared to 390 outbound commuters.

Established businesses

Former Terex branch in Langenburg

The largest employer was until 2013, the construction equipment manufacturers Schaeff , the 2002 in Terex - Holding rose. Terex, by its own account one of the market leaders in the field of compact construction machines, produced wheel loaders , backhoe loaders and mini excavators at the Langenburg site .

On June 11, 2013, the newly founded Kaelble GmbH from Gerabronn officially took over four Terex business units and the Schaeff naming rights. In future, the company will produce in Gerabronn under the Schaeff brand name. Kaelble also relocated the previous Terex cylinder production that remained in Langenburg until 2013 to its headquarters on Gerabronner Daimlerstraße.

The 26,000 square meter former Schaeff and later Terex production facility in Langenburg with around 11,000 square meters of production and office space was taken over by Farmbau Fertigsysteme GmbH, which relocated its headquarters from Atzenrod to Langenburg in 2014. An innovation center including a commercial center was built on part of the former Schaeff factory site. Farmbau has almost 100 employees and specializes in system construction in solid prefabricated construction.

traffic

The city can be reached via the Ilshofen / Wolpertshausen exit of the A 6 motorway. Langenburg is connected to Gerabronn and Schwäbisch Hall by bus route 71 and belongs to the KreisVerkehr Schwäbisch Hall transport association. It was the end point of the Blaufelden – Langenburg railway line, which had already been closed to passenger traffic in 1969 .

Today the next train stations are in Blaufelden , Schwäbisch Hall-Hessental , Eckartshausen-Ilshofen and Crailsheim .

tourism

Holiday village Roseneck

The climatic health resort Langenburg is located on the Burgenstrasse and Swabian Dichterstrasse as well as the Kocher-Jagst-Radweg , Jakobsweg , Main-Neckar-Rhein-Weg and Frankenweg . Langenburg is mainly visited by day and short-term tourists.

Since 1962, the Association for Evangelical Family Holiday Villages in Württemberg has been running the holiday village "Roseneck" on the south-eastern edge of the community. The seven-hectare facility, recognized as a non-profit , with 38 houses (including eight handicapped-accessible) and 220 beds, offered especially large families with low incomes the possibility of a vacation. In the 1980s, the holiday village had just over 40,000 overnight stays per year. With a recent 31,000 overnight stays, the holiday village contributed around 80 percent of the annual overnight stays in Langenburg. The facility had to close at the end of 2007 after the state of Baden-Württemberg withdrew from funding non-profit family vacation spots in 2003. - Today the Mawell Resort wellness hotel is located on the site .

Court and bodies

Langenburg has a local court that belongs to the district of Ellwangen and the district of higher regional court of Stuttgart .

photos

  • Main street with parish church and gate

  • Main street in the other direction towards the castle

  • Bächlingen of Langenburg Castle seen from

  • Easter Fountain 2009

people

sons and daughters of the town

Grew up in Langenburg

  • Rezzo Schlauch (born October 4, 1947), lawyer and politician (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
  • Joschka Fischer (born April 12, 1948), politician (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), Federal Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor 1998–2005

Other personalities

The following personalities were not born in Langenburg, but worked there:

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
  2. ↑ cm city media GmbH - www.cmcitymedia.de: City of Langenburg: Numbers and facts. Retrieved June 3, 2019 .
  3. ↑ State Institute for the Environment Baden-Württemberg (LUBW) ( information )
  4. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume IV: Stuttgart district, Franconian and East Württemberg regional associations. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1980, ISBN 3-17-005708-1 . Pp. 487-491
  5. ↑ Measured on Geodatenzentrum.de
  6. ↑ State Statistical Office, area since 1988 according to actual use for Langenburg.
  7. ^ Langenburg.de: look into history
  8. ↑ See the entry Hag in the Duden
  9. ↑ a b Rudolf and Inga Ruth tube: Langenburg - Heart in the Hohenlohe region . Gerabronn 1971, ISBN 3-87354-031-2 , p. 11
  10. ↑ Pro-region.de: Ev. City church in Langenburg (PDF file; 10 kB)
  11. ^ Rainer Stein: The Württemberg standard station on branch lines . In: Eisenbahn-Journal Württemberg-Report . tape 1 , no. V / 96 . Merker, Fürstenfeldbruck 1996, ISBN 3-922404-96-0 , p. 80-83 .
  12. ↑ Johanna Führer: The end of the war in Langenburg / Hohenlohe in 1945 . BoD, Norderstedt 2010, ISBN 978-3-8391-8909-2 (manuscript around 1947).
  13. ^ Wolfgang Schlauch: The end of the war in Langenburg and the surrounding area . Baier Verlag, Crailsheim 2012, ISBN 978-3-942081-22-1 .
  14. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 447 .
  15. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - State Information System (LIS): municipality area, population and population density since 1961 (annually), updates (December 31st), Langenburg, city (district Schwäbisch Hall)
  16. ^ City of Langenburg: structural data . Accessed July 16, 2013.
  17. ↑ Langenburg | Evangelical church district Blaufelden. September 15, 2018, accessed September 23, 2019 .
  18. ^ Langenburg.de: Churches & Faith
  19. ^ Südwest Presse Online-Dienst GmbH: Whirlwind about Prince Charles and his visit to Langenburg Castle . In: swp.de . ( swp.de [accessed on August 3, 2017]).
  20. ^ Stefanie Neitsch: State Gazette BW: Langenburg. Retrieved August 3, 2017 .
  21. ↑ https://www.swp.de/suedwesten/landkreise/lk-schwaebisch-hall/langenburg_-class-bleibt-buergermeister-25369772.html
  22. ↑ Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg, election results 2014  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.statistik.baden-wuerttemberg.de  
  23. ↑ Heinz Bardua: The district and community coats of arms in the Stuttgart administrative region . Theiss, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0801-8 (district and municipality coat of arms in Baden-Württemberg, 1). P. 90
  24. ↑ Club history of the Historical and Cultural Association Langenburg (accessed on 25 June 2011)
  25. ↑ Schloss Langenburg: Information ( Memento of the original from July 29, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Accessed July 15, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.schloss-langenburg.de
  26. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original from September 14, 2017 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Excavation museum @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museen-in-hohenlohe-franken.de
  27. ↑ Zum.de Monument conservation value plans for the entire facilities in Kirchberg / Jagst, Langenburg, Schrozberg-Bartenstein (Schwäbisch Hall district) and Weikersheim (Main-Tauber district) .
  28. ^ Regional information system for Baden-Württemberg: Mausoleum (Michelbacher Strasse 51, Langenburg) . Retrieved October 1, 2014.
  29. ^ City of Langenburg: structural data . Accessed July 16, 2013.
  30. ↑ Terex.de: Terex History ( Memento of the original from December 2, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.terex.de
  31. ↑ Mathias Bartels: Gerabronner companies merge into Kaelble GmbH and produce for Terex . In: Hohenloher Tagblatt of June 27, 2013. Accessed on July 15, 2013.
  32. ↑ Südwest Presse Online-Dienst GmbH: Courage to innovate . In: swp.de . ( swp.de [accessed on August 2, 2017]).
  33. ↑ Mathias Bartels: Farmbau takes Terex's area . In: Hohenloher Tagblatt of July 28, 2013. Accessed on July 15, 2013.
  34. ↑ Harald Zigan: Princess is recovering ; in: Hohenloher Tagblatt, August 25, 2009 [1]  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.hs-tourismus.de  
  35. ^ Karl-Heinz Jaworski: Evangelical holiday village in Langenburg closes at the end of 2007 . Press release of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg, April 30, 2007 [2]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / www.elk-wue.de  

Web links

Commons : Langenburg  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Langenburg  - travel guide
Wikisource: Langenburg  - in the description of the Oberamt Gerabronn