Joschka Fischer

Joschka Fischer (2014)

Fischer's signature under the
Treaty of Nice (2001)

Joschka Fischer (actually Joseph Martin Fischer; born April 12, 1948 in Gerabronn ) is a former German politician ( Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen ) and today's advisor and publicist .

He was Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany from 1998 to 2005 and President of the Council of the European Union from January 1, 1999 to June 30, 1999 . Less than a year after the general election in 2005 , Fischer withdrew from active politics.

After the end of his political career, he worked in an advisory capacity or as a lobbyist for Siemens , BMW , the Rewe Group , for the energy companies RWE and OMV ( Nabucco-Pipeline ) and for the hemp producer Tilray .

Life

Origin and youth

Fischer was born the third child of a butcher. As Hungarian Germans, the parents had to leave their place of residence Wudigeß ( Hungarian Budakeszi , a municipality near the Hungarian capital Budapest, which was elevated to a city in 2000 ) in 1946 . The family moved to Langenburg in Hohenlohe . The first name used by Joschka Fischer is derived from Jóska [ joːʃkɔ ], a diminutive form of the Hungarian given name József [ joːʒef ] ( German  Joseph ).

In his early youth, Fischer was an altar boy in his Catholic home parish in Oeffingen . Before completing the lower secondary (10th grade), he left the Gottlieb-Daimler-Gymnasium in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt in 1965 without a degree and began an apprenticeship as a photographer in Fellbach , which he broke off in 1966.

Student movement

Press conference of the Greens (1983)

From 1967 Fischer was involved in the student movement and in the extra-parliamentary opposition (APO). From 1968 he lived in Frankfurt am Main . Later he worked for the SDS publishing house Neue Criticism and the bookstore Libresso on Opernplatz, which mainly offered left-wing literature. At the same time, according to his own admission, he attended the sometimes completely overcrowded lectures by Theodor W. Adorno , Jürgen Habermas and Oskar Negt as a guest auditor .

In 1969, Fischer took part in a PLO conference in Algiers . In 1970 he founded the Karl Marx bookstore in Frankfurt am Main.

In 1971 he began working for Adam Opel AG in Rüsselsheim with the aim of founding a company group to politicize the workers and ultimately win them over to the " revolution ". However, this form of “grassroots work” did not bring the hoped-for success, and Fischer was dismissed without notice after six months because of his activities.

After additional odd jobs - including translating novels for Jörg Schröder's Olympia Press - Fischer worked in Frankfurt as a taxi driver until 1981 and as a temporary worker in a bookstore until 1982. He also had short acting roles in 1983 in the television film Der Fliegende Robert and 1986 in the film Va Banque , in which he plays a taxi driver.

Political militancy

Until 1975, Fischer was a member of the radical left and militant group Revolutionäre Kampf . He took part in several street battles with the police (" cleaning group "), in which dozens of police officers were injured, some seriously. A photo from April 7, 1973 shows Fischer, hooded with a black motorcycle helmet, and Hans-Joachim Klein , later a member of the Revolutionary Cells (RZ), as they hit a police officer together. As foreign minister, Fischer admitted his violence at the time.

However, he asserted that he had never thrown Molotov cocktails . The background to this was the preliminary arrest of Fischer in 1976 during a demonstration for the RAF terrorist Ulrike Meinhof , on suspicion of having thrown such an incendiary device on a police vehicle during a demonstration on the occasion of Ulrike Meinhof's death on May 10, 1976, with the chief police officer Jürgen Weber was critically injured and permanently disfigured. Fischer was investigated for breach of the peace , attempted murder and the formation of a criminal organization. Fischer was released from custody because suspicions against him could not be substantiated. When planning the demonstration, the use of Molotov cocktails was discussed with Fischer's participation.

Follow-up investigations by the Frankfurt public prosecutor's office into this incident were hindered in 2001 by the fact that the Hessian State Chancellery under SPD Prime Minister Holger Börner had requested all the documents about Fischer from the State Security Department of the Frankfurt Police Headquarters when he became Environment Minister in Wiesbaden in 1985, and has since then requested his whereabouts nothing was known of the files. His friendship with the Franco-German student leader Daniel Cohn-Bendit , with whom he lived in a shared apartment for a time, also dates back to his time in Frankfurt . In September 2015, the Fischer police file, which had been missing since 1985, reappeared in an abandoned suitcase at Frankfurt Airport. The document contains photos, fingerprints and data and documents Fischer's involvement in the left-wing radical scene.

After Fischer had declared in 1976 “We cannot simply distance ourselves from the comrades of the urban guerrilla because we would then have to distance ourselves from ourselves”, the events in the so-called German Autumn 1977 (kidnapping and murder of the BDA President Hanns Martin Schleyer , hijacking the plane “Landshut” , suicide of the RAF founders), according to his own statements, started a process of cognition with him, which he described as a loss of illusion and which ultimately led to his turning away from radical and violent political ideas. He then turned into a democrat out of conviction, which also corresponds to the political life of his party:

“I […] have recognized how violence distorts one's facial features, even if you think you can use it for good reasons. [...] I did wrong then, and I have to apologize to everyone who was affected. "

Nevertheless, as recently as 1978 he commented on the murder of Hanns-Martin Schleyer , Siegfried Buback and Jürgen Ponto by the RAF with the sentence: "The three high-ranking gentlemen do not want me to really grieve, I say that quite frankly." May 1981 the Hessian Minister of Economics Heinz-Herbert Karry was murdered, afterwards the revolutionary cells confessed to the act. It later emerged that the murder weapon, along with other weapons stolen from an American barracks, had been transported in Joschka Fischer's car in 1973. Fischer stated that he had only given the car to the car mechanic at the time, Hans-Joachim Klein (not yet a member of the RZ in 1973, but already surrounded by left-wing militant groups) so that he could install a new engine. Only later did he learn that stolen weapons had been transported by car.

Party career

Joschka Fischer at a campaign speech (2005)

Even before joining the party in 1982, Fischer founded the Realpolitik working group in Frankfurt in 1981 with Daniel Cohn-Bendit and others , which formulated so-called " realpolitical " positions for the Green Party . The substantive examination of these new positions led in the Frankfurt district association to polarization between Realos and representatives of an "eco-fundamentalist" position ( Fundis ), in the course of which Fischer was able to assert himself in the 1982 federal election as a candidate for the Greens .

In March 1983 he was elected to the German Bundestag and belonged to the first parliamentary group of the Greens. For these he worked as parliamentary manager . He also made a name for himself as a speaker, sometimes controversial. B. in the context of the Kießling affair or the Flick affair , during which he reacted to his exclusion from a Bundestag session by insulting the Bundestag Vice President Richard Stücklen ( "With all due respect, Mr. President, you are an asshole" ). In accordance with the rotation principle that was still common among the Greens at the time , he resigned his parliamentary mandate after two years at the end of March 1985. During his time as a member of the Bundestag, he took part in the blockade of the US military base in Frankfurt am Main on October 24, 1983 in order to demonstrate against NATO's double decision .

According to his own statements, Fischer had never voted out of conviction before joining the Greens, but that annoys him today.

Public offices

Minister of State for Environment and Energy

A photo of the Foreign Minister's sneakers in his study at the Foreign Office

On December 12, 1985, came in Hesse after a longer tolerate an SPD minority government to form the first red-green state government under Prime Minister Holger Börner . In this cabinet , Fischer became Minister of State for the Environment and Energy . His swearing-in caused a stir, as he appeared in a coarse jacket and sneakers. This appearance coined the term "sneaker minister".

On February 9, 1987, Fischer resigned from his position as Hessian Environment Minister under Prime Minister Börner (SPD), as the Greens had made the continuation of the coalition dependent on the withdrawal of the license for the Hanau nuclear company Nukem in an ultimatum . The first red-green government coalition thus collapsed in the immediate aftermath of the accident of January 20, 1987 in the Nukem nuclear factory in Hanau, just a few months after the Chernobyl nuclear disaster .

The subsequent elections in April 1987 ended with a victory for the CDU and FDP . Walter Wallmann (CDU) became Prime Minister and Wolfgang Gerhardt (FDP) his deputy. In this election, Fischer was elected to the Hessian state parliament and took over the chairmanship of the parliamentary group of the Greens.

In the state elections in 1991, the governing coalition lost its majority. The red-green coalition was reissued, this time under Prime Minister Hans Eichel (SPD). Fischer became environment minister again. At the same time he was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of State for Federal Affairs.

In October 1994 he resigned all offices in Hesse and, after the Greens had managed to return to the Bundestag in the Bundestag elections on October 16, 1994, he was spokesman for the Bundestag faction of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen alongside Kerstin Müller . In addition to Fischer's commitment to a deployment of the Bundeswehr in Bosnia and Herzegovina , the economic policy turn of the Greens to the market economy made them more and more a "realpolitical" party.

Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor

Joschka Fischer and Paul Wolfowitz (2001)

In the federal election in autumn 1998, the black-yellow coalition under Chancellor Helmut Kohl lost its majority after 16 years. The first red-green coalition at federal level was formed. The new Federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder appointed Fischer to his cabinet as Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor .

In 2001, the already announced Fischer biography “Tell me where you stand” by the journalist Bettina Röhl could not appear because the Kiepenheuer & Witsch publishing house in Cologne withdrew from the contract. The reason given was Röhl's campaign against Fischer, a long-time author at the publisher. In January 2001, with the publication of the so-called Fischer-Prügel-Photos, Bettina Röhl triggered a media discussion about Fischer's militant past that reached far beyond Germany's borders, during which the then Chancellor Gerhard Schröder accused the opposition of criticizing Fischer for political awakening to defame an entire generation, while the then opposition leader Angela Merkel asked Fischer to distance herself from the '68 revolt as a whole.

Fischer was considered a promising candidate for the post of foreign minister of the European Union planned for 2006 according to the draft European constitution . The foundation stone for this was laid in his Humboldt speech “From the Union of States to the Federation”, which he held in 2000 , with which he conjured up a possible finality of the European unification process and took a clear position in favor of European federalism . On September 1, 2003, however, he and Federal Chancellor Schröder announced that they both wanted to run together again in the next federal election .

Joschka Fischer after visiting the University Hospital of Banda Aceh in Indonesia in February 2005

War participation

The red-green federal government with Fischer as foreign minister led German ground troops with the participation in the NATO operation in the Kosovo war for the first time after the Second World War in a war effort . Fischer legitimized this mission in a speech at the special Kosovo party conference in Bielefeld in 1999 with the words: “I stand by two principles, never again war, never again Auschwitz , never again genocide , never again fascism . For me, both belong together. ”From 2001/2002, the Bundeswehr participated in the war in Afghanistan . In 2003, however, the red-green federal government refused to support the US war in Iraq .

Visa affair

At the beginning of 2005, Fischer, the minister responsible, was at the center of the so-called visa affair . On April 25, 2005, he appeared as a witness before the Visa Inquiry Committee , where he admitted his own negligence and took full political responsibility.

Obituary debate

In spring 2005, Fischer sat under the obituary debate that obituaries for former NSDAP members from the House newspaper internAA the Foreign Office are deleted. As a result, a historians commission was set up to deal with the takeover of NSDAP members into the AA after the war. The result of their work was published as the book The Office and the Past and has sparked further debate.

Retirement

After the 2005 Bundestag election , Fischer declared that in the event of opposition, in the sense of a generation change, he would no longer be available for the office of parliamentary group leader in the German Bundestag and other leading offices in the party. His term of office as Foreign Minister and Vice Chancellor ended on October 18, 2005, but he held these offices until November 22 of that year.

On June 27, 2006 Fischer took part in a parliamentary group meeting of the Green parliamentary group for the last time. On September 1, 2006, he resigned his parliamentary mandate. His successor Omid Nouripour took over his mandate .

After the political career

Joschka Fischer (2006)

In early 2006, Fischer gave numerous lectures for investment banks such as Barclays Capital and Goldman Sachs . In 2006 he took on a one-year visiting professorship for international economic policy at the Woodrow Wilson School of Princeton University in America . His lectures dealt with "International Crisis Diplomacy". In addition, Fischer was a Senior Fellow at the Liechtenstein Institute of the Woodrow Wilson School and was involved as a member of the EU program at Princeton University.

In 2006, Fischer worked as a consultant for the World Jewish Congress .

In 2007 he founded a consulting company called Joschka Fischer Consulting . He is a founding member and board member of the European Council on Foreign Relations , funded by billionaire and patron George Soros . In September 2008, he accepted a Senior Strategic Counsel at The Albright Group, LLC, owned by Madeleine Albright . In mid-2009, Fischer and Dietmar Huber (long-time press spokesman for the Greens in the Bundestag) founded Joschka Fischer & Company .

On May 19, 2009, Fischer failed in the last instance before the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) with a lawsuit against the Illustrierte Bunte , which had printed a photo of his private villa in Berlin-Grunewald . The public's interest in information is more important than Fischer's personal rights .

In 2009, Fischer signed a contract with the energy suppliers RWE and OMV as political advisor for the planned construction of the 3,300 km long Nabucco pipeline , which was to transport natural gas from the Caspian Sea via Turkey to the EU. Fischer was thus a lobby competitor to the former Chancellor Gerhard Schröder , who at the time was promoting the Nord Stream pipeline project . Also in 2009, Fischer became a consultant for the car company BMW and, together with Madeleine Albright, a consultant for Siemens AG on foreign policy and corporate strategy issues. In September 2010, Fischer also began a consulting mandate for the Rewe Group .

Since August 2010, Fischer has chaired the nine-person “Group of Outstanding Personalities” in the Council of Europe . The group, set up on the initiative of Turkey, is to “deal with the growing rifts between the different communities and the 'radicalization' of certain groups” and propose “measures for more tolerance and mutual respect”. The group's first report appeared in spring 2011.

In September 2010 he was involved in the founding of the Spinelli Group , which advocates European federalism .

Agencies arrange fishermen as speakers.

In 2013, Fischer advertised the BMW i3 electric car .

In October 2014, Fischer presented his book Failure Europe? in front. It was initially to be called “The United States of Europe” and given the developments at the time, it was given a different title. In the book, Fischer et al. a. the (economic) problems and dynamics of Europe with the beginning of the world financial crisis in 2007 , a new division and disolidarization between the northern (richer) and southern European states and the rise of radical anti-European and xenophobic parties in democratic elections.

He is (as of April 2018) a member of the Presidium of the German Society for the United Nations .

At the beginning of 2019, Fischer became a founding member of the international advisory board of the Canadian hemp manufacturer Tilray, which is supposed to help implement an "aggressive global growth strategy". Marla Luther, a former consultant at Joschka Fischer & Company, has been Managing Director of Tilray Germany since the beginning of 2017.

Fischer occasionally writes guest articles in newspapers.

Private

Fischer is married to the film producer Minu Barati -Fischer for the fifth time since October 29, 2005 . A son and a daughter come from the second marriage.

Joschka Fischer has lived in Berlin-Grunewald since 2006 .

Positions

Military operations in Bosnia and Herzegovina

In 1995, Fischer sparked an intra-party controversy when he broke with the party's strictly pacifist orientation and advocated military measures to maintain the UN protected zones in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Kosovo War

In 1999 Fischer significantly supported the German participation in the Kosovo war , which is controversial under international law , which means that for the first time since the Second World War , German soldiers were involved in a war. He justified this war with a reference to the Holocaust, among other things . On April 7, 1999 he said: “I not only learned: never again war. I also learned: Never again Auschwitz. ” When asked whether he saw a direct parallel between the events in Kosovo and the Nazi era, Fischer told the news magazine Newsweek :“ I see a parallel to that primitive fascism. Obviously the 1930s have returned, and we cannot accept that. "

Critics accused Fischer of having represented positions as foreign minister that he had rejected before the red-green takeover of government. Because of his advertising as German Foreign Minister for NATO's mission in the Kosovo war, he was referred to as a war criminal in Internet forums, but also by members of the peace movement . In connection with a banner painted over by the police, the Berlin Higher Administrative Court decided that this designation, as a serious attack on personal honor, was illegal.

In May 1999 he was thrown a red paint bag by the left-wing autonomous Samir Fansa in protest against the NATO mission at the Green Party Congress in Bielefeld and suffered a tear in his right ear.

Chechnya Wars

Fierce criticism of Joschka Fischer was expressed because of his stance on the Chechen wars. While in January 1995 the member of the Bundestag Joschka Fischer had condemned the federal government's inaction during the First Chechnya War in view of the “cruel murder of a nuclear superpower against a small people in the north of the Caucasus ”, he declared in 2000 as Foreign Minister in relation to the Second Chechnya War that Russia must not be isolated and it is legitimate to take action against terror.

honors and awards

Fossil named after Joschka Fischer "Palaeopython fischeri"

In May 2002 Fischer was awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of Haifa . On May 4th, 2004 he received the renowned Gottlieb Duttweiler Prize in Rüschlikon . In May 2005, in his role as Foreign Minister, Fischer received the highest award from the Central Council of Jews in Germany , the Leo Baeck Prize , for his services in the Middle East conflict as a mediator between Palestinians and Israelis . On May 20, 2006, Joschka Fischer was awarded an honorary doctorate from Tel Aviv University .

In 2005 a fossil snake was named after him as a palaeopython fischeri as a thank you for his commitment as the Hessian environment minister against the use of the Messel pit as a garbage dump and for its preservation as a fossil site.

He is an honorary citizen of Budakeszi .

In 2009 Joschka Fischer received the honorary award of the German Sustainability Award for his outstanding role in the implementation of green visions in realpolitik. In 2010 he was honored with the Heinrich Heine Visiting Professorship at Heinrich Heine University in Düsseldorf .

In 2016, Fischer received the Bavarian Europe Medal .

Publications

• Of green power and glory. Rowohlt, Reinbek 1984, ISBN 3-499-15532-X .
• (Ed.): The exit from atomic energy is feasible. Rowohlt, Reinbek 1987, ISBN 3-499-15923-6 .
• Governing is about studying. A political diary. Athenäum-Verlag, Frankfurt 1987, ISBN 3-610-08443-X .
• Rule of Law and Civil Disobedience. A dispute with Daniel Cohn-Bendit and Alexander Gauland. Athenaeum, Bodenheim 1988, ISBN 3-610-04709-7 .
• Majority. A plea for a new policy. Eichborn, Frankfurt 1989, ISBN 3-8218-0414-9 .
• The restructuring of industrial society. Plea against the prevailing environmental lie. Eichborn, Frankfurt 1989, ISBN 3-8218-1126-9 ; Goldmann, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-442-12434-4 .
• The left after socialism. Hoffmann & Campe, Hamburg 1993, ISBN 3-455-10309-X .
• Risk Germany. Crisis and Future of German Politics. Kiepenheuer and Witsch, Cologne 1994, ISBN 3-462-02341-1 ; Knaur, Munich 1995, ISBN 3-426-80075-6 .
• For a new social contract. A political response to the global revolution. Kiepenheuer and Witsch, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-462-02569-4 ; Droemer Knaur, Munich 2000, ISBN 3-426-77436-4 .
• My long run to myself. Kiepenheuer and Witsch, Cologne 1999, ISBN 3-462-02794-8 ; Droemer Knaur, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-426-61478-2 .
• From confederation to federation. Thoughts on the finality of European integration. Speech at the Humboldt University in Berlin on May 12, 2000. Suhrkamp, ​​Frankfurt 2000, ISBN 3-518-06614-5 .
• The return of history. The world after September 11th and the renewal of the West. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2005, ISBN 3-462-03035-3 ; Knaur-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-426-77465-8 .
• The red-green years. German foreign policy - from Kosovo to September 11th. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2007, ISBN 978-3-462-03771-5 ; Knaur-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-426-78083-1 .
• “I'm not convinced.” The Iraq war and the red-green years. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2011, ISBN 978-3-462-04081-4 ; Knaur-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-426-78530-0 .
• with Fritz Stern : Against the current. A conversation about history and politics. Beck, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-64553-2 ; Herder, Freiburg / Basel / Vienna 2014, ISBN 978-3-451-06699-3 .
• Is Europe failing? Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2014, ISBN 978-3-462-04623-6 .
• The descent of the west. Europe in the new world order of the 21st century. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2018, ISBN 978-3-462-05165-0 .
• Welcome to the 21st century. Europe's awakening and German responsibility . Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2020, ISBN 978-3-462-05473-6 .

literature

Biographies

• Paul Berman: idealists in power. The passion of Joschka Fischer. Siedler, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-88680-846-7 .
• Matthias Geis , Bernd Ulrich : The unfinished. The life of Joschka Fischer. Fest, Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8286-0175-8 ; updated new edition: Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Reinbek 2004, ISBN 3-499-61623-8 .
• Sibylle Krause-Burger : Joschka Fischer. The March through Illusions. Deutsche Verlags-Anstalt, Stuttgart 1997, ISBN 3-421-05082-1 (revised and updated new edition Rowohlt-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Reinbek 2000, ISBN 3-499-60738-7 ).
• Jürgen Schreiber : My years with Joschka. News of fat and lean times. Econ, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-430-30033-9 .
• Michael Schwelien: Joschka Fischer. A career. Hoffmann & Campe, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-455-11330-3 (expanded paperback edition: Heyne, Munich 2001, ISBN 3-453-19705-4 ).

Stages of life and individual aspects

• Autonomous LUPUS Group (Ed.): The dogs bark ... From A – RZ. A journey through time through the 68 revolt and the militant struggles of the 70s to 90s. Unrast Verlag, Münster 2001, ISBN 3-89771-408-6 .
• Klaus Bittermann , Thomas Deichmann (Ed.): As Dr. Joseph Fischer learned to love the bomb: the SPD, the Greens, NATO and the war in the Balkans. Edition TIAMAT, Berlin 1999, ISBN 3-89320-025-8 .
• Christian Y. Schmidt : "We are the madmen ...". Joschka Fischer and his Frankfurter gang. Econ, Munich / Düsseldorf 1998; updated edition: Econ-und-List-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 1999; extended new edition: Verbrecher Verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-943167-30-6 .

Conversations / interviews

• Gero von Boehm : Joschka Fischer. August 31, 2010. Interview in: Encounters. Images of man from three decades. Collection Rolf Heyne, Munich 2012, ISBN 978-3-89910-443-1 , pp. 678-692.
• with Daniel Cohn-Bendit , Alexander Gauland : Rule of law and civil disobedience. A dispute. Athenaeum Verlag, Bodenheim 1988, ISBN 3-610-04709-7 .

Movies

Advertisement for Pepe Danquart's film "Joschka and Herr Fischer" at the Delphi Filmpalast am Zoo in Berlin 2011

• Pepe Danquart : Joschka and Mr. Fischer . Germany 2011, 140 min, X rental
• The world of Joschka Fischer. Seven years between war and peace. Documentary, 105 min, Germany, 2005, director: Stephan Lamby, production: Phoenix , short description ( memento of June 14, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) of Phoenix

Web links

Commons : Joschka Fischer  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Wikiquote: Joschka Fischer  - Quotes

• Biography at the German Bundestag
• Literature about Joschka Fischer in the Hessian Bibliography
• Literature by and about Joschka Fischer in the catalog of the German National Library
• Nadine Chmura, Antoinette Lepper-Binnewerg, Markus Würz: Joschka Fischer. Tabular curriculum vitae in the LeMO ( DHM and HdG )
• Joschka Fischer in the Internet Movie Database (English)
• Joschka Fischer's Monday column on Zeit Online
• Matthias Thiel: From street fighter to green leader. In: Deutschlandfunk . November 18, 2005
• Jutta Ditfurth : Payday, Junker Joschka! In: New Revue . 42/99 ff. (Pamphlet on the Greens in ten parts; PDF; 236 kB)
• Peter Unfried : Joschka Fischer on the Corona crisis: "The question is: What comes after?" In: Die Tageszeitung (taz). April 5, 2020 (Interview with Joschka Fischer). 

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Karsten Jahnke: Joschka Fischer. The German Foreign Minister who could not be born in Hungary ( Memento from November 30, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). Danube Swabian Central Museum Ulm, March 2006 (PDF; 4 kB).
2. ↑ Joschka Fischer b. 1948. House of History , Living Museum Online .
3. ^ Witness exonerates Foreign Minister. In: Rhein-Zeitung . February 19, 2001
4. ↑ New allegations. Did Fischer take part in the PLO conference in 1969? In: Spiegel Online . February 12, 2001.
5. ↑ Markus Grill: Tom Koenigs. ( Memento from January 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) In: Stern . October 5, 2004 (interview with Tom Koenigs, who met Joschka Fischer at Opel).
6. ↑ Jörg Sundermeier: Financing literature with porn. In: The daily newspaper . July 17, 2004
7. ↑ The fisherman and the woman. In: The world . January 14, 2001.
8. ↑ ^{a b} Police files found. In: Süddeutsche.de . September 11, 2015.
9. ↑ Left violence. Pictures from the bloody Saturday. In: Focus . January 8, 2001.
10. ↑ A threatening investigation for the Foreign Minister. In: Spiegel Online. January 13, 2001. In this article the five authors write: “Fischer's file with the Hessian constitutional protection is gone: in the early 1990s it was shredded after the retention period had expired. According to SPIEGEL information, there was nothing in it about the arson attack - and certainly nothing incriminating. "
11. ↑ Cohn-Bendit described this in his book We loved her so, the revolution of 1987 in a separate chapter (pp. 229–236)
12. ^ Arno Orzessek : Anti-Anti-68er Manifest. In: Deutschlandradio Kultur . March 14, 2008.
13. ↑ ( Page no longer available , search in web archives: Joschka Fischer - To his past ), 2001
14. ↑ Jochen Bölsche : The lost honor of the Apo. In: Der Spiegel . No. 5, January 29, 2001.
15. ↑ Committed to the truth. In: Focus. No. 3, January 15, 2001.
16. ↑ cf. the stenographic reports of the Bundestag from p. 3694 (PDF; 1.2 MB).
17. ↑ see Wikiquote: Joschka Fischer ; List of winged words .
18. ↑ Cultural history up close ( Memento from August 21, 2011 in the Internet Archive ). The original shoes are in the German Leather Museum , Offenbach.
19. ↑ Walter Bau: Joschka Fischer's confession: "The sneakers were embarrassing". July 7, 2017, accessed on January 8, 2020 (German). 
20. ^ Resignation of the Hessian Environment Minister Joschka Fischer, February 9, 1987. State History Information System Hesse (LAGIS).
21. ↑ Klaus-Peter Klingelschmitt: Nukem hushed up incident: 300 people irradiated. In: The daily newspaper. June 8, 1998.
22. ↑ Joschka Fischer's past ( memento from June 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: Phoenix . January 17, 2001 (Question Time in the Bundestag; video, 55:10 min).
23. ↑ Speech by the Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs Joschka Fischer. Federal Government, May 24, 2000, accessed June 14, 2019 . 
24. ^ Heinrich August Winkler: Integration or Erosion. Joschka Fischer's “Humboldt Speech”: Intent and Effect. European History Topic Portal, 2008, accessed on June 14, 2019 . 
25. ↑ Wording: Excerpts from the Fischer speech. In: Spiegel Online. May 13, 1999.
26. ^ Fischer appoints historians' commission. In: Spiegel Online. July 11, 2005.
27. ↑ Frank Schirrmacher : In conversation: Joschka Fischer. Now this is the obituary they wanted. In: FAZ.net . October 26, 2010.
28. ↑ Klaus Wiegrefe : Dispute over "The Office": Historians tore apart bestsellers. In: Spiegel Online. April 1, 2011.
29. ^ Paid activities in addition to the mandate ( Memento of October 23, 2009 in the Internet Archive ). In: Website of the German Bundestag.
30. ^ About the World Jewish Congress ( Memento of August 27, 2006 in the Internet Archive ). In: World Jewish Congress website, June 2006.
31. ↑ Stefan Kornelius : Ex-Foreign Minister Fischer is back. Joschka's return. In: Süddeutsche Zeitung . October 1, 2007, accessed April 9, 2018 . 
32. ^ The Albright Group LLC ( Memento December 21, 2007 on the Internet Archive ). In: Albright Group LLC website.
33. ↑ Ralf Beste, Gregor Peter Schmitz : Joschka Fischer's new job as a consultant. The very hungry caterpillar. In: Spiegel Online. September 27, 2008.
34. ↑ Andreas Wildhaben: Big in business. In: Handelsblatt . March 4, 2011.
35. ^ Joschka Fischer & Company: The team jfandc.de
36. ^ BGH, judgment of May 19, 2009 - Az. VI ZR 160/08. In: lexetius.com (full text).
37. ↑ Photo suit against “Bunte” failed. In: Focus. May 19, 2009.
38. ↑ Reporting on Joschka Fischer's house purchase was permitted. Press office of the Federal Court of Justice, press release No. 110/2009, May 19, 2009.
39. ↑ Joschka Fischer is now in Gas handelsblatt.com, July 26, 2009.
40. ↑ Thorsten Knuf: Just a simple party member. In: Berliner Zeitung . September 9, 2009, accessed June 15, 2015 . 
41. ^ Martin S. Lambeck: The long run or the long business trip to yourself. Joschka Fischer now consultant for BMW. In: image . April 29, 2010.
42. ↑ Joschka Fischer is now also a lobbyist for Siemens. In: The world. October 23, 2009, accessed June 15, 2015 . 
43. ↑ Ex-Foreign Minister works for a trading company. Fischer now also advises Rewe ( Memento from September 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive ). In: tagesschau.de. September 6, 2010.
44. ↑ Fischer praises Turkey ( Memento from March 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). In: TRT German . January 14, 2011.
45. ↑ New job in the Council of Europe. Joschka Fischer becomes head of the Council of Wise Men. (No longer available online.) In: Rheinische Post . September 27, 2010, archived from the original on November 9, 2011 ; accessed on June 15, 2015 . 
46. ↑ What became of ... the green "Realo" Joschka Fischer? In: DiePresse.com . March 23, 2012.
47. ^ " Living together": Report of the group of eminent personalities of the Council of Europe ( Memento of January 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ). Council of Europe , Press Release No. 416, 11 May 2011.
48. ↑ Johannes C. Bockenheimer: Bill Clinton, the Absahner . In: Handelsblatt . No. 119 , June 25, 2013, ISSN  0017-7296 , p. 10 .
49. ↑ Martin Kaul : Joschka at the car lobby. "A dream came true". In: The daily newspaper. December 1st, 2013.
50. ^ Dominic Schreiner: Book presentation in Berlin. Mr. Fischer's instinct for the crisis. In: Rheinische Post . October 14, 2014, accessed October 16, 2014 . 
51. ↑ Andreas Fanizadeh : Joschka Fischer's “Does Europe fail?” Black zero and green ten. In: The daily newspaper. October 14, 2014, accessed October 16, 2014 . 
52. ↑ Joschka Fischer: Is Europe failing? (No longer available online.) In: Huffington Post Germany . October 16, 2014, archived from the original on October 22, 2014 ; accessed on October 16, 2014 (excerpt). 
53. ↑ DGVN Presidium. In: Website of the German Society for the United Nations e. V.
54. ↑ Fischer is future cannabis lobbyist , NTV , January 6, 2019
55. ↑ Marla Luther from Berlin - manager profile , Moneyhouse
56. ↑ ^{a b} Fischer's fifth wedding. After I said yes, there was Vivaldi's “Spring”. In: Spiegel Online. October 30, 2005 (on marriages).
57. ↑ Minu Barati. The fisherman and his wife. In: Spiegel Online. May 1, 2012 (meeting Joschka Fischer's wife Minu Barati and canary).
58. ↑ Nico Fried: Fischer: "I have learned: Never again Auschwitz". In: Süddeutsche Zeitung. January 24, 2005, accessed June 15, 2015 . 
59. ↑ Lally Weymouth: "We Have To Win This". In: Newsweek . April 18, 1999: “You see a direct parallel to the Nazi era?” - “I see a parallel to that primitive fascism. Obviously, the '30s are back, and we cannot accept that. "
60. ^ OVG Berlin: Clinton and Schröder must not be called "war criminals". In: New Justice . 5/2000, p. 242 (press release March 21, 2000; PDF; 385 kB).
61. ↑ Paint bag attack on Joschka Fischer ( Memento from July 8, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) In: Phoenix. May 13, 1999 (video, 6:20 min).
62. ↑ Paint bag thrower against Fischer files constitutional complaint ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive ). In: 123recht.net. June 7, 2002.
63. ↑ Malte Lehming: Not for the faint of heart. In: Der Tagesspiegel . November 3, 2006, accessed June 1, 2017 . 
64. ↑ The fossil snake from Messel Pit is called Paleopython Fischeri. BUND , February 2005.