Ministry of Economy
In everyday language, the Ministry of Economics or Commerce is the term used to refer to the government ministry that oversees the economic policy agenda . Because of the diversity of competencies, which, depending on the government agreement, may also include agendas for work , transport , technology or applied research , the department often has the reputation and weight of a “super ministry”.
Main agendas
For economic policy in the true sense are mainly the areas of Industry ( Ministry of Industry ) , Trade and Commerce ( Commerce Department ) , furthermore, the mining , the structural policy , regulatory policy and market regulation , in most cases the energy beings , if it does not own Department of Energy are.
- The agenda of the technology ( Technology Ministry ) comprise u. a. Civil Engineering (with Housing and Human Settlements ), Technical experimentation , the civil engineer , the state survey , the Metrology and Standardization , while the technical schools and colleges usually the Ministry of Education ressortieren and Transportation for infrastructure - or the Ministry of Transport . The administration of the public buildings as a whole ( Ministry of Construction ) is usually located in this department.
- If the labor department ( Ministry of Labor ) is also integrated, it may a. in addition: labor law (if not in the justice department ), employee protection , the works constitution and, if necessary, nationalized industry , as well as matters relating to the labor market and the unemployed (if not in the Ministry of Social Affairs ).
Official names in the German-speaking area
The officially valid name of the department responsible for economy and trade in the government of a relevant state or country is usually longer and depends largely on the distribution of tasks and competencies. Therefore, it often changes in the course of government negotiations , if competencies are shifted between ministries or if certain aspects of the technical competence are to be emphasized in the designation of the ministry. This occurs especially when the form of government changes or there is a comprehensive change in governing parties . For this reason, the official name of the “Ministry of Economic Affairs” has changed very often in Germany and Austria, but less often in Switzerland.
Germany
In Germany , the department responsible for business and trade was officially called
- 1917–1918: Reich Economics Office
- 1919–1945: Reich Ministry of Economics
- 1949–1971: Federal Ministry of Economics
- 1971–1973: Federal Ministry of Economics and Finance
- 1973–1998: Federal Ministry of Economics
- 1998–2002: Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology
- 2002–2005: Federal Ministry of Economics and Labor
- 2005–2013: Federal Ministry of Economics and Technology
- since 2013: Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy
For the designation in the individual state governments, see also the respective federal state as well as the list of German economics ministers and the list of incumbent German economics ministers .
Austria
In Austria the department responsible for economy and trade was officially named
- 1848–1861: Ministry of Commerce and Public Works
- 1861–1918: Ministry of Trade and Economics
- 1918/1919: State Office for Trade and Commerce, Industry and Buildings
- 1920–1923: Federal Ministry for Trade and Commerce, Industry and Buildings
- 1923–1938: Federal Ministry of Trade and Transport
- 1945–1966: Federal Ministry for Trade and Reconstruction
- 1966–1987: Federal Ministry of Trade, Commerce and Industry ; there was also a Federal Ministry for Buildings and Technology
- 1987–1997: Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs ; there was also a Federal Ministry for Labor and Social Affairs
- 1997–2000: Federal Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs
- 2000–2009: Federal Ministry of Economics and Labor
- 2009–2014: Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs, Family and Youth ; there is also a Federal Ministry for Labor, Social Affairs and Consumer Protection
- 2014–2018: Federal Ministry for Science, Research and Economy
- since 2018: Federal Ministry for Digitization and Business Location
For the designation in the individual state governments, see the respective federal state .
Switzerland
In Switzerland , the Federal Council's department responsible for economy and trade was officially called
- 1848–1872: Trade and Customs Department
- 1878–1887: Trade and Agriculture Department
- 1888–1895: Industry and Agriculture Department
- 1896–1914: Trade, Industry and Agriculture Department
- 1915–1978: Department of Economic Affairs
- since 1979: Federal Department of Economic Affairs
Liechtenstein
In Liechtenstein, the department responsible for economy and trade is officially called the Ministry of Infrastructure, Economy and Sport .
Comparable ministries in other countries
- Department of Commerce (United States)
- Secretaría de Economía , Mexico
- Ministry of Economy of East Timor
