Energy industry

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The term energy industry describes all facilities and actions of people and institutions that pursue the goal of ensuring the supply of households and businesses of all kinds with conventional and regenerative energy sources. These include town gas , natural gas , liquid fuels , electrical energy or solid energy sources such as coal , coke , peat and wood .

It includes u. a. the subject areas of energy source , energy generation, energy storage , energy transmission , energy trading , sales and billing of energy as well as energy security .

The actors in the energy sector include energy producers and energy suppliers as well as plant and system construction, including their financing and maintenance.

The energy supply companies are primarily responsible for the energy industry ; This is usually understood to mean a company that provides electrical energy or distributes it via the public power grid or that supplies its customers with natural gas or district heating . In a broader sense, one can also count the oil industry and coal miners or importers as well as fuel traders in the energy industry.

In addition to the chemical industry and agriculture , the energy industry is one of the most important pollutants in the global economy.

General

One can speak of the energy industry in the narrower sense since the late phase of the industrial revolution . The beginnings were the commercial extraction of energy carriers and the fuel traders in the cities and industrial centers, who supplied private households and industry with wood and coal as the main energy carriers at that time. With the emergence of the use of electricity and gas , it became necessary to set up a supply structure with line networks . It was initially organized locally and centrally . Particularly energy-intensive companies formed purchasing groups such as the Gesellschaft für Stromwirtschaft , which acted as coordinators and negotiated preferential contracts for their members. The natural monopolies typical for this developed . This made it necessary to regulate the market by the state to prevent power supply companies from abusing their prices. In the meantime, state control is increasingly withdrawing to the grid-connected area of ​​the energy industry (also applies to the gas industry), since energy generation is developing towards a polypole supplier structure. In Germany , the end consumer tariffs for electricity and gas are no longer subject to the competent authorities of the federal states since mid-2007 . The Federal Network Agency and the state regulatory authorities only check the network usage fees. With the introduction of the energy exchange EEX based in Leipzig, another milestone was reached in initiating an energy transition.

Energy industry in states

See also

literature

  • Wilm Tegethoff , Ulrich Büdenbender , Heinz Klinger : The law of the public energy supply. Comment . etv Energiewirtschaft und Technik Verlags-Gesellschaft, Graefelfing et al. 1985-2000, ISBN 978-3-925349-13-3 (from the 13th edition), (loose-leaf edition).
  • Wilm Tegethoff: Problems of spatial energy supply . Vincentz, Hanover 1986, ISBN 978-3-87870-765-3 ( Academy for spatial research and regional planning, research and meeting reports of the ARL 162).
  • Thomas Schöne : Contract manual electricity industry. Practical design and legally secure application . Vwew Energieverlag, Frankfurt am Main 2008, ISBN 978-3-8022-0865-2 .
  • Ines Zenke , Stefanie Neveling, Bernhard Lokau: Concentration in the energy industry - political and legal merger control. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2005, ISBN 978-3-406-52432-5 .
  • Jens-Peter Schneider , Christian Theobald (Hrsg.): Law of the energy industry - practical handbook. 4th edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-63412-3 .
  • Heinz-J. Bontrup, Ralf-M. Marquardt: Critical Handbook of the German Electricity Industry. Industry development, corporate strategies , industrial relations , 2nd edition, Berlin 2011, ISBN 978-3-8360-8712-4 , Heinz-J. Bontrup, Ralf-M. Marquardt, opportunities and risks of the energy transition. Working paper 252 of the Hans Böckler Foundation, Düsseldorf 2012.
  • Christian Theobald, Christiane Nill-Theobald: Basic features of energy law. 3. Edition. CH Beck Verlag, Munich 2013, ISBN 978-3-406-65123-6 .
  • Rolf Adam, Ludwig Einhellig, Andreas Herzig: Energy industry in the energy transition: Can existing business models survive? , Energy industry issues of the day, 62nd year, etv Energieverlag GmbH, Essen 2012, pp. 8–11; on-line
  • Heinz-J. Bontrup, Ralf-M. Marquardt: The future of the big energy suppliers. Constance 2015, ISBN 978-3-86764-636-9 .

Web links

Wiktionary: Energy industry  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Actors in the energy industry . Brnchen portal of the energy industry. Ed. International Economic Forum for Renewable Energies (IWR)
  2. ↑ Valentin Crastan : Electrical energy supply 2. Energy industry and climate protection, electricity industry, liberalization, power plant technology and alternative power supply, chemical energy storage. 3rd, edited edition. Berlin / Heidelberg 2012, p. 19.