President of the German Bundestag
| President of the German Bundestag | |
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Acting President of the Bundestag Wolfgang Schäuble since October 24, 2017 |
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| Official seat |
Reichstag building , Berlin , Germany 
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| Chairman of |
Bundestag (and Federal Assembly when electing the Federal President ) |
| Supreme superior of the | Police at the German Bundestag |
| Elected by | Bundestag |
| Salutation |
Mr. President and President (in the Bundestag, also acting president) |
| Deputy | Bundestag Vice President (s) |
| website | www.bundestag.de |
The President of the German Bundestag , also known as the President of the Bundestag , is the President of the national parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany . According to the federal government's domestic protocol, it holds the second highest state office. He also acts as President of the Federal Assembly for the election of the Federal President of the Federal Republic of Germany. Current incumbent is since 24 October 2017, the CDU - member of the Bundestag Wolfgang Schaeuble .
choice
The President of the Bundestag is elected from among the members of the German Bundestag . The election is made by the MPs in the constituent session of the newly elected parliament. The election of the President of the Bundestag is chaired by the senior president .
Up until now, the parliamentary group with the largest number of MPs has always provided the President of the Bundestag in the German Bundestag , although there is no statutory provision on this. This state practice already developed in the Weimar Republic . The term of office of the President of the Bundestag ends with the respective legislative period . As a rule, it cannot be deducted early. A new election of the previous incumbent in the next legislative period is possible, provided that he is also a member of the new Bundestag.
"Combat candidates" in the election for president are uncommon. Only after the sudden death of Hermann Ehlers (CDU) in 1954 was there an exception. In the election on November 16, 1954 even two party colleagues competed against each other for the position of: Against the official CDU / CSU candidates Eugen Gerstenmaier joined Ernst Lemmer and only lost in the third round with only 14 votes difference (Gerstenmaier: 204 Lemmer: 190, abstentions: 15).
Deputy
The Bundestag president has more deputies ( Vice-President of the Bundestag , or parliament vice-president ) of the represented in the Bundestag factions are proposed. If one of them chairs a session of the Bundestag, he is designated as the incumbent President and has regulatory authority in the Bundestag.
On April 18, 1958, when all the Bundestag Vice-Presidents and the former senior president were absent, the Bundestag President entrusted SPD MP Kurt Pohle with leading the next session.
Up until the beginning of the 13th electoral term in 1994, the rules of procedure did not specify how many deputies the President of the Bundestag had. There were only intergroup agreements, so that there were usually four vice-presidents (one each for the three largest parliamentary groups Union, SPD and FDP and a second for the second largest parliamentary group). In 1983, the new group of the Greens submitted a motion for the first time to also be represented by a Vice-President on the Bureau. This motion was - as in the following terms - rejected. Only in 1994 the number of deputy president was set such that each group represented by at least one vice president is . As a result, the German Bundestag had five vice-presidents during the 14th electoral term (1998 to 2002), and four vice-presidents from 1994 to 1998 and 2002 to 2005. After the general election in 2005 , the SPD , CDU and CSU agreed in their exploratory talks to form a grand coalition that the SPD would provide two vice-presidents. The corresponding motion for the election of six deputies was accepted at the constituent meeting on October 18, 2005 against the parliamentary groups of the FDP , Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen and Die Linke . In the 17th electoral term, only each parliamentary group received a vice-president, a total of five. In the 18th electoral term, both the SPD and the CDU / CSU each had two vice-presidents. Although the FDP was no longer represented in the Bundestag, the number of deputies increased again to six.
In the 19th legislative period so far (as of 2020 November 28) was not chosen deputy of the AFD for the first time represented in the Bundestag vice-president, although under § 2 (1) of the Rules of Procedure of the Bundestag representing each political group by at least one vice-president of the Bundestag Presidium is .
The AfD parliamentary group had nominated its MP Albrecht Glaser in the constituent session of parliament , but he did not receive a majority in three successive votes. The AfD waived another vote on his person in March 2018. This would have required the approval of the Council of Elders. In November 2018, the AfD presented Mariana Harder-Kühnel as an applicant in a new attempt . Even this could not achieve the required majorities in any of the three votes in November and December 2018 and on April 4, 2019. While Albrecht Glaser's anti-Islamic remarks were cited regarding the non-election of Albrecht Glaser, the defeats of Harder-Kühnel in the media were mainly explained by the fact that she is an AfD member and the normalization of a party that often pursues a racist and ethnic politics and the crimes downplaying the Nazi era, was feared. Also Gerold Otten as the third candidate of the faction failed on April 11, 2019 on May 16, 2019 and June 6, 2019. The fourth candidate failed Paul Podolay on September 26, 2019 on November 7, 2019 on December 12, 2019 . Karsten's help failed on January 16, 2020, March 5, 2020 and May 7, 2020 as the fifth candidate of the AFD. On November 26, 2020, Harald Weyel , the sixth candidate of the AfD, also failed .
Legal basis
The legal basis for the office of the President of the Bundestag and his deputy is initially Article 40 of the Basic Law : After that, the Bundestag elects its President and his deputy. The Bundestag also has its own rules of procedure .
According to a ruling by the Federal Constitutional Court in 1952, the rules of procedure must be resolved anew for each new electoral term. In practice, however, the previous rules of procedure - possibly with changes - are usually adopted as the rules of procedure for the new electoral term. Among other things, it regulates the rights and duties of the President of the Bundestag and the number of Vice-Presidents.
tasks
The most important function of the President of the Bundestag is to lead the plenary sessions . To do this, he takes a seat on the podium in the plenary hall of the Bundestag, so he sits across from the other members of the Bundestag. The Bundestag President shall represent the Bundestag and is the addressee of all bills and templates from the federal government , the Federal Council are introduced or from the middle of the Bundestag. He is also the recipient of all petitions that come from the ranks of Parliament or are addressed to the Bundestag.
The President is entitled to domiciliary rights and police powers, which are enforced by the police at the German Bundestag . It is also the highest service authority of the Bundestag officials, whereby it makes certain personnel decisions in agreement with the Presidium. Further rights and obligations of the President of the Bundestag are regulated in the rules of procedure.
Pursuant to Section 36 of the Rules of Procedure, the President can refer speakers who diverge from the subject matter. Furthermore, the President can call members of the Bundestag to order by naming them if they violate order or the dignity of the Bundestag. “If a speaker is called three times to the cause or three times during a speech and the consequences of a third call to the matter or to order are pointed out the second time, the President must withdraw him from the floor and may do so in the same debate on the same Do not resubmit the item to be negotiated ”(Section 36 (2) of the Rules of Procedure). Regardless of a call to order, the President can set a fine of EUR 1,000 in accordance with Section 37 of the Rules of Procedure (EUR 2,000 in the event of repetition). According to Section 38 of the Rules of Procedure, the President can expel a member of the Bundestag from the hall for the duration of the session for gross violation of order or the dignity of the Bundestag, even without a call to order or a fine being imposed. A member of the Bundestag can subsequently be excluded for a maximum of thirty session days. The member of the Bundestag concerned can lodge a reasoned objection in writing against all sanctions imposed by the President up to the next day of the plenary session. The Bundestag decides on the objection without discussion (Section 39 of the Rules of Procedure).
The President of the Bundestag is also the recipient of the accounts of the political parties, monitors compliance with the Party Donation Act and regulates the reimbursement of election campaign costs .
income
The President of the Bundestag receives the double diet of a member of the Bundestag, currently around 19,100 euros per month (from 2017, parliamentary allowance) as well as additional lump sums (tax-free lump sum of approx. 4000 euros, official expenses allowance of approx. 1000 euros); the vice-presidents each receive one and a half times the diet, currently around 14,300 euros per month plus lump sums. The flat-rate fee will be reduced accordingly if the Bundestag is not present.
The amount of the diet for the President and the Vice-Presidents is stipulated in the Deputies Act , Section 11, Paragraph 2. The lump-sum fee is set out in Section 12 (2) (here for all members of the parliament), the reimbursement for official expenses in Section 12 (5).
The diet of the Bundestag President is slightly below the official salaries of the Federal President (the highest representative of the state) and the Federal Chancellor (the latter, however, usually also receives a diet as a member of the Bundestag).
List of presidents
| Surname | Life dates | fraction | Beginning of the term of office | Term expires | Length of term of office | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Erich Koehler | 1892-1958 | CDU / CSU | September 7, 1949 | October 18, 1950 | 1 year and 41 days |
| 2 | Hermann Ehlers | 1904-1954 | CDU / CSU | October 19, 1950 | October 29, 1954 (†) | 4 years and 10 days |
| 3 | Eugen Gerstenmaier | 1906-1986 | CDU / CSU | November 16, 1954 | January 31, 1969 | 14 years and 76 days |
| 4th | Kai-Uwe von Hassel | 1913-1997 | CDU / CSU | 5th February 1969 | December 13, 1972 | 3 years and 312 days |
| 5 | Annemarie Renger | 1919-2008 | SPD | December 13, 1972 | December 14, 1976 | 4 years and 1 day |
| 6th | Karl Carstens | 1914-1992 | CDU / CSU | December 14, 1976 | May 31, 1979 | 2 years and 168 days |
| 7th | Richard Stücklen | 1916-2002 | CDU / CSU | May 31, 1979 | March 29, 1983 | 3 years and 302 days |
| 8th | Rainer Barzel | 1924-2006 | CDU / CSU | March 29, 1983 | October 25, 1984 | 1 year and 210 days |
| 9 | Philipp Jenninger | 1932-2018 | CDU / CSU | 5th November 1984 | November 11, 1988 | 4 years and 6 days |
| 10 | Rita Süssmuth | * 1937 | CDU / CSU | November 25, 1988 | October 26, 1998 | 9 years and 335 days |
| 11 | Wolfgang Thierse | * 1943 | SPD | October 26, 1998 | October 18, 2005 | 6 years and 357 days |
| 12th | Norbert Lammert | * 1948 | CDU / CSU | October 18, 2005 | October 24, 2017 | 12 years and 6 days |
| 13th | German politican | * 1942 | CDU / CSU | October 24, 2017 | 3 years and 36 days |
Members of the Presidium
The President of the Bundestag and his deputies form the Bundestag Presidium . The following overview of presidents and vice-presidents is arranged according to electoral terms and political group affiliation.
See also
literature
- Michael F. Feldkamp (Ed.): The President of the Bundestag. Office - function - person . 16th legislative term. Olzog, Munich 2007, ISBN 978-3-7892-8201-0 .
Web links
- Website of the German Bundestag: Information on the Presidium
- Thomas Wilrich: "The President of the Bundestag" ; Article in the magazine "Die Public Administration" (DÖV) (2002) p. 132 (PDF; 107 kB)
Footnotes
- ↑ Art. 39 Basic Law for the Federal Republic of Germany (GG)
- ↑ Self-confidence in the matter. (PDF; 5.4 MB) In: Focus on the Bundestag Special: The Presidium of the German Bundestag. German Bundestag, Public Relations Department, 2011, pp. 9–11 , archived from the original on July 18, 2011 ; accessed on May 1, 2017 .
- ^ Protocol-based priority issues. In: Inland protocol of the federal government. Federal Ministry of the Interior, accessed on May 1, 2017 .
- ^ German Bundestag - function and task of the Bundestag President and the Presidium. Retrieved April 4, 2019 .
- ↑ The senior president: A constitutional regulation and its alternatives . Springer-Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-531-94362-6 , pp. 214 ( books.google.de [accessed August 29, 2020]).
- ↑ Markus Wehner, Berlin: Statements on Islam: Gauland: All AfD MPs think like glasses . ISSN 0174-4909 ( faz.net [accessed April 6, 2019]).
- ↑ A scandal or not? This question is particularly sensitive. Retrieved April 6, 2019 .
- ↑ A scandal or not? This question is particularly sensitive. Retrieved April 6, 2019 .
- ↑ Fourth AfD candidate has failed. In: tagesschau.de. December 12, 2019, accessed December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Volker Müller: German Bundestag - AfD again proposes Karsten Hilse as Vice President of the Bundestag ... Accessed on May 7, 2020 .
- ↑ n-tv NEWS: Ziegler elected Bundestag vice president. November 26, 2020, accessed November 28, 2020 .
- ↑ BVerfG, judgment of March 6, 1952, Az. 2 BvE 1/51, BVerfGE 1, 144 .
- ^ Presidium. German Bundestag , accessed on May 1, 2017 .
- ^ German Bundestag - home page. Retrieved November 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Michaela Noll elected as the new Vice President of the Bundestag. Retrieved January 19, 2017 .
- ↑ Volker Müller: German Bundestag - Harder-Kühnel again not elected Vice-President of the Bundestag. Retrieved December 13, 2018 .
- ↑ Volker Müller: Gerold Otten misses a majority for the office of Vice President. Retrieved April 11, 2019 .
- ↑ Again no majority for Paul Viktor Podolay as Vice President. Retrieved December 12, 2019 .
- ↑ Karsten Hilse not elected Vice President of the Bundestag. Retrieved May 7, 2020 .
- ↑ https://www.bundestag.de/#url=L2Rva3VtZW50ZS90ZXh0YXJjaGl2LzIwMjAva3c0OC1kZS13YWhsLXN0ZWxsdmVydHJldGVyaW4tODA3NzU0&mod=mod493054
- ↑ Thomas Oppermann died. Deutschlandfunk , accessed on October 26, 2020 .
- ↑ SPD politician Thomas Oppermann is dead. Tagesspiegel , accessed on October 26, 2020 .
- ↑ Bundestag Vice President Thomas Oppermann has died. t-online.de , accessed on October 26, 2020 .
1st Bundestag (1949–1953) | 2nd Bundestag (1953–1957) | 3rd Bundestag (1957–1961) | 4th Bundestag (1961–1965) | 5th Bundestag (1965–1969) | 6th Bundestag (1969–1972) | 7th Bundestag (1972–1976) | 8th Bundestag (1976–1980) | 9th Bundestag (1980–1983) | 10th Bundestag (1983–1987) | 11th Bundestag (1987–1990) | 12th Bundestag (1990–1994) | 13th Bundestag (1994–1998) | 14th Bundestag (1998–2002) | 15th Bundestag (2002–2005) | 16th Bundestag (2005–2009) | 17th Bundestag (2009–2013) | 18th Bundestag (2013–2017) | 19th Bundestag (since 2017)