District of Leobschütz

District of Leobschütz
coat of arms
Prussian Province	Silesia (1816–1919, 1938–1941) Upper Silesia (1919–1938, 1941–1945)
Administrative district	Opole
County seat	Leobschütz
surface	691 km² (1910)
Residents	82,264 (1939)
Communities	78 (1939)
Location of the Leobschütz district

The district of Leobschütz was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1743 to 1945. Its historical roots were in the Duchy of Leobschütz and its district town was the city of Leobschütz .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the conquest of most of Silesia, King Friedrich II introduced Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia in 1742 and in Upper Silesia in 1743 . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their division into districts and the appointment of district administrators . The appointment of the district administrators in the Upper Silesian districts was based on a proposal by the Prussian Minister for Silesia, Ludwig Wilhelm von Münchow , to whom Frederick II approved in February 1743.

The district of Leobschütz was formed from the parts of the two Silesian principalities of Jägerndorf and Troppau that fell to Prussia and the Katscher district . Johann Carl von Morawitzky was appointed as the first district administrator in the Leobschütz district. The group initially was under the War and Domain Chamber Wroclaw and the course was hard Bergisch Stone reform the administrative district of Opole the Silesia province assigned.

During the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the Opole administrative district, the district borders were changed as follows:

• The villages of Berndau, Damasko, Gläsen, Kasimir, Schönau, Steubendorf and Thomnitz moved from the Neustadt district to the Leobschütz district.
• The city of Hultschin , the areas of Beneschau and Zauditz and the villages of Autoschowitz, Benenschau, Bielau, Bobrownick, Bolatitz , Boleslau, Boratin, Buslawitz , Chlebsch, Cosmütz, Deutsch Krawarn , Ellgoth, Groß Darkowitz, Groß Hoschütz , Groß Peterwitz, Halsch, Henneberg, Hoschialkowitz, Kauthen, small Darko wit, Klein Hoschütz, Pietraszyn, Koblau, Köber wit , Kranowitz, Kuchelna , Langendorf, Ludgerzowitz , Marquartowitz , Odersch, Owschütz, Peterzkowitz, Pyscha, ratchet, Rohow, Schammerwitz, Schlausewitz, Schreibersdorf, Schiller village , Sczepankowitz, Strandorf , Thröm , Wrbkau , Wrzesin, Zabrzeg and Zawada moved from the Leobschütz district to the Ratibor district .

On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative district of Opole . In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 99.6% of the voters in the Leobschütz district voted to remain with Germany and 0.4% for a cession to Poland.

On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Leobschütz district in line with developments in the rest of Prussia, in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On April 1, 1938, the provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 1, 1939, the Leobschütz district was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation . On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved again and the new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Katowice and Opole.

In the spring of 1945, the Red Army captured the district and placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . This began with the expulsion of the German residents from the district area.

Population development

year	Residents	source
1795	63,667
1819	51,063
1846	72,289
1871	82,474
1885	86,875
1900	84.147
1910	82,635
1925	81,957
1939	82.264

In 1939, 91% of the district's residents were Catholic and eight percent Protestant. The proportion of Czech- speaking residents around 1900 was 10.7%.

District administrators

1743–1747 00Johann Carl von Morawitzky 1748 0000000Christian Ernst von Solms 1748–1750 00George Franz von Trach 1753 0000000Johann Friedrich von Schneckenhaus 1753–1756 00Christoph Gottfried von Cochenhausen 1756–1771 00Johann von Eicke and Polwitz 1772–1778 00Johann Carl Andreas von Arnold 1779–1813 00Michael von Haugwitz 1813–1820 00Wenzel Karl von Sedlnitzky 1820–1832 00Karl Friedrich von Elpons 1832 0000000Liersz ( acting )

1832–1839 00Johannes Karl von Sedlnitzky 1839–1843 00Franz von Pelke 1843–1845 00by Nayhaus ( provisional ) 1845–1850 00Ferdinand von Larisch 1850–1873 00Wilhelm Waagen 1873–1874 Karl von Hollen ( substitute )00 1874–1898 Carl Bischoff00 1898–1917 Fritz Ißmer00 1917–1934 Walter Klausa00 1934–1944 00Konrad Büchs 1944–1945 00Karl Williger

Local constitution

Since the 19th century, the Leobschütz district has been divided into the towns of Bauerwitz , Katscher and Leobschütz, in rural communities and in manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.

Communities

The Leobschütz district recently comprised three cities and 75 rural communities:

Alt Wiendorf Altstett Amaliengrund Auchwitz Babitz Badenau Bauerwitz, city Berndau Bladen Bleischwitz Branitz Viola Burgfeld Dirschel Dirschkenhof Dittmerau Dobersdorf Dreimühlen Eilau Geppersdorf

Glasses Coarse Hedwigsgrund Hennerwitz High secret shame Hohndorf Hubertusruh Jakobsfelde Casimir Katscher, city Kitteldorf Klemstein Knispel Comise Königsdorf Kösling Krastillau Kreisewitz Kreuzendorf jug

Glue joke Leisnitz OS Leobschütz, city Lindau OS Liptin Loewitz Mocker Nassiedel Neudorf Easter village Pilgrim village Pilsch Pommerswitz Posnitz Wheels Rakau Robes Roses Rösnitz Sabschütz

Sauerwitz Schirmke Schmeisdorf Schönau Schönbrunn Schönwiese Soppau Steubendorf Steuberwitz Pride cap Trenkau Troplowitz Turkau Türmitz Labor pains Wernersdorf Zietenbusch Zinnatal

Incorporation until 1937

• Bieskau, on April 1, 1937 in Alstett
• Damasco, at Casimir on September 30, 1928
• German Neukirch , in Alstett on April 1, 1937
• Princely Langenau, to Katscher in 1921
• Jernau, in Bauerwitz on December 23, 1927
• Kaldaun, on April 1, 1937 in Osterdorf
• Langenau Lehn, 1921 to Katscher
• Michelsdorf, 1900 to Branitz
• New Katscher, joined Katscher in 1921
• Schiegenberg, to Leobschütz on September 30, 1928
• Taumlitz, to Leobschütz on April 1, 1914
• Thomas, on April 1, 1937 in Schönau
• Troplowitz, Dorf , on April 1, 1934 in Troplowitz
• Troplowitz, Städtel , on April 1, 1934 in Troplowitz

Place names

In 1936, several communities in the Leobschütz district were renamed:

• Badenau → Badenau
• Boblowitz → Hedwigsgrund
• Dirschkowitz → Dirschkowitz
• Hratschein → Burgfeld
• Jakubowitz → Jakobsfelde
• Kittelwitz → Kitteldorf
• Osterwitz → Osterdorf
• Peterwitz → Zietenbusch
• Thomnitz → Thomas
• Tschirmke → Schirmke
• Waissak → Lindau
• Wanowitz → Hubertusruh
• Wehowitz → contractions
• Zauchwitz → Dreimühlen
• Zülkowitz → Zinnatal

Personalities

• Johannes Maria Assmann (1833–1903), bishop, born in Branitz
• Joseph Martin Nathan (1867–1947), auxiliary bishop in Olomouc, builder of the Branitz sanatoriums and nursing homes, born in Stolzmütz near Bauerwitz
• Manuel Könner SVD (1885–1968), Roman Catholic bishop and prelate of Foz do Iguaçu in Brazil, born in Sabschütz
• Stefanie Zweig (1932–2014), German writer, born in Leobschütz

literature

• Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 820-887 .
• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 181-182, item 13.
• Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi : Earth description of the Prussian monarchy , Volume 3, part, Halle, pp. 207-264
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 378–383 .
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

polish

• Józef Wendt: Ziemia Głubczycka. Opole 1978.
• Jadwiga Królikowska: Głubczyce-Krnov Region: History, Tourism, Economy (PDF; 7.2 MB). Głubczyce 2004, ISBN 83-914926-5-6 .
• Katarzyna painter, Roman Gohly: Głubczyce i okolice: Przewodnik. Wrocław 2005.
• Arkadiusz Szymczyna: Społeczne i polityczne problemy przyłączenia powiatu głubczyckiego do Polski (1945-1948). Branice 2008.
• Aurelia Hołubowska: Skarby pogranicza: przewodnik po regionie głubczycko-krnowskim . Kraków 2009.

See also

• Powiat Głubczycki
• Archdiocese of Olomouc # General Vicariate Branitz

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Leobschütz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• genealogienetz.de: District of Leobschütz
• Catholic parishes in the Leobschütz district
• Private website for the district of Leobschütz
• Internet presence of the home committee

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Immediatbericht Münchow on the appointment of district administrators in Upper Silesia , p. 540 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
4. ^ Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
6. ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Oppelschen government in 1817, no. XLI . Announcement of the new district division of the Opole government district from October 1, 1817. Opole, p. 523 ff . ( Digitized version ).
7. ↑ ^{a b} Landkreis Leobschütz administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.
8. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 38 ( digitized version ).
9. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 91 ( digitized version ).
10. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
11. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
12. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
13. ↑ ^{a b} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
14. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. leobschuetz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).