Baborów
| Baborów | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Opole | ||
| Powiat : | Głubczycki | ||
| Gmina : | Baborów | ||
| Area : | 11.73 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 9 ' N , 18 ° 0' E | ||
| Height : | 230 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 2956 (December 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 48-120 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 77 | ||
| License plate : | OGL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Głubczyce - Racibórz | ||
| Next international airport : | Katowice | ||
Baborów [ baˈbɔruf ] ( German Bauerwitz ; Czech Bavorov ) is a small town in the Polish Opole Voivodeship . It is the seat of the town-and-country municipality of the same name with around 6100 inhabitants.
Geographical location
The city is located in the Upper Silesia region on the Zinna , about 60 kilometers south of Opole and about 40 kilometers northwest of Ostrau ( Ostrava ). The border with the Czech Republic runs around eight kilometers south of the city.
history
The village was founded in the second half of the 13th century probably by Bavor II. (1220-1279), of the noble family of Bavor of Strakonice came and Agnes / Anežka, an extramarital daughter of the Bohemian King Ottokar II. Přemysl married should have been. It belonged to the Troppauer Land in Moravia and was first mentioned in a document in 1296 with a Vogt Jaroslav ( Jeroslaum advocatum de Baurwitz ). In 1318 it was incorporated into the newly founded Duchy of Opava , from which it came to Wok / Vok (II.) Von Krawarn or to his father of the same name, Wok (I), who is documented as sub-chamberlain of Bohemia for 1316 and 1324 –1325 held the post of Chamberlain of Olomouc . On August 19, 1340 Heinrich / Jindřich von Krawarn auf Plumlov and his brother Johann / Ješek von Krawarn, who was a knight of the Teutonic Order , sold Bauerwitz ( Bavorov ) together with Zülkowitz ( Sulkov / Sułków ), Tschirmkau ( Červenkov / Czerwonków ) and Eiglau ( Děhylov / Dziełów ) the Dominican convent in Ratibor , whose abbess Euphemia († 1359) was a sister of the Ratibor duke Lestko . Already on August 22nd. J. the Opava Duke Nikolaus II confirmed the sale. This document lists the Bavor von Strakonitz as the former owners, followed by Wok / Vok von Krawarn. Since 1340 Bauerwitz was an arable town ( oppidum ), which after the division of the Duchy of Opava in 1377 belonged to the Duchy of Jägerndorf .
On March 16, 1403, Margrave Jodokus of Brandenburg, as ruler of Moravia in Jägerndorf, confirmed that the princesses and nuns Agnes and Anna as well as the priest Wenceslaus had donated the Erasmus altar in the parish church of Bauerwitz for an annual interest of six marks.
Bauerwitz later lost the market rights, but received it back in 1575. Emperor Charles VI. Bauerwitz raised it to the status of media city in 1718 .
Along with almost all Silesia in 1742 fell Bauerwitz after the First Silesian War on Prussia . Ecclesiastically it still belonged to the Diocese of Olomouc , whereby the part of the diocese that fell to Prussia was administered by the Katscher Commissariat founded in 1742 . Until the secularization in 1810 it belonged to the Ratibor Dominican convent. With the reorganization of Prussia, it belonged to the province of Silesia from 1815 and from 1818 was incorporated into the Leobschütz district, with which it remained connected until 1945.
With the commissioning of the railway lines Ratibor – Leobschütz (1855), Bauerwitz – Cosel (1908) and Bauerwitz – Troppau (1909), the city experienced an economic boom. The population grew steadily. It was 1787: 1447, 1905: 2771 and 1939 around 4,500 inhabitants. The latter number of inhabitants came about on December 23, 1927, when Jernau ( Jaroniów ) and the Bauerwitz manor district were incorporated. At the beginning of the 20th century, Bauerwitz was the seat of a local court and had two Catholic churches.
In 1945 Bauerwitz belonged to the County Leobschütz in the administrative district of Opole the Prussian province of Silesia of the German Reich .
Towards the end of the Second World War , Bauerwitz was occupied by the Red Army in March 1945 after hard fighting . In the summer of 1945, Bauerwitz and the district were placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . In Bauerwitz, the influx of Polish civilians began, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that had fallen to the Soviet Union as part of the “ West displacement of Poland ” . The Polish place name Baborów was introduced for Bauerwitz . In the following years the vast majority of Germans from Bauerwitz were sold .
Demographics
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1781 | 1301 | The language is German, Moravian and Polish |
| 1783 | 1368 | Catholics who speak Polish and Moravian |
| 1803 | 1598 | |
| 1810 | 1800 | |
| 1816 | 1621 | including eight Evangelicals, 1598 Catholics and 18 Jews |
| 1821 | 1816 | |
| 1825 | 1904 | including 24 Evangelicals and three Jews |
| 1840 | 2292 | including 2236 Catholics, 28 Evangelicals and 28 Jews |
| 1852 | 2319 | |
| 1855 | 2282 | without Rittergut Bauerwitz (20 residents) |
| 1861 | 2345 | including 26 Evangelicals, 2289 Catholics, 30 Jews (excluding Rittergut Bauerwitz with 25 Catholic residents) |
| 1867 | 2404 | |
| 1871 | 2403 | almost exclusively Catholics, including over 2000 Czechs ; according to other data 2403 inhabitants (on December 1), including 21 Evangelicals, 2364 Catholics, 18 Jews |
| 1890 | 2707 | including 50 Evangelicals and 17 Jews (2220 Czechs) |
| 1900 | 2720 | mostly Catholics |
| 1933 | 4332 | |
| 1939 | 4535 |
In 1957, 3,500 people lived in the city.
Parish
Until 1972, Bauerwitz was ecclesiastically subordinate to the Archdiocese of Olomouc .
Attractions
- The St. Josef cemetery church is an Upper Silesian scrap wood church from the beginning of the 18th century. It has a valuable contemporary interior.
- The parish church, first mentioned in 1340, was rebuilt in the 19th century.
local community
The town-and-country community (gmina miejsko-wiejska) Baborów includes ten villages in addition to the city that gives it its name.
Sister cities and municipalities
- Hradec nad Moravicí , Czech Republic
- Teublitz , Germany
sons and daughters of the town
- Anastasius Sedlag (1786–1856) theologian, Bishop of Kulm and member of the Frankfurt National Assembly
- Carl Ulitzka (1873–1953), Roman Catholic priest and central politician
- Hans Helmbrecht (1922–1998) in Jernau, German sculptor
- Katharina Elliger (1929–2019), writer
literature
- Felix Triest : Topographical Handbook of Upper Silesia , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 843-845 .
- Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, towns and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia, including the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia, which now belongs entirely to the province, and the County of Glatz; together with the attached evidence of the division of the country into the various branches of civil administration . Breslau 1830, p. 897.
- Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, towns, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia . 2nd edition, Breslau 1845, p. 785.
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 17.
- A. Tschauder: Brief history of the city of Bauerwitz, Leobschütz, 1881.
- Tomáš Baletka: Páni z Kravař - Z Moravy až na konec světa , 2004, ISBN 80-7106-682-6 , pp. 42, 68, 75, 132f.
- Joachim Spallek: Chronicle of a farming village in Silesia: Hohndorf / Leobschütz district 1183–1946. A contribution to the settlement and cultural history of Silesia. 3rd revised and expanded edition 2010, 543 pages, self-published by Dr. Joachim Spallek, Niersplank 11, 47877 Willich (only direct purchase possible), T + F: 02156 6237, weltvox@t-online.de
Web links
- Homepage of the municipality of Baborów (Polish)
- Historical and current recordings as well as geographical location
Individual evidence
- ^ Augustin Weltzel: History of the city of Ratibor . Ratibor 1861, p. 496.
- ↑ a b Meyer's Large Conversation Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 2, Leipzig and Vienna 1905, p. 467.
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^ Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, pp. 843-845 .
- ↑ Friedrich Gottlob Leonhardi : Earth Description of the Prussian Monarchy , Volume 3, Part 1, Halle 1792, p. 166 .
- ↑ a b c d Alexander August Mützell and Leopold Krug : New topographical-statistical-geographical dictionary of the Prussian state . Volume 5: T – Z , Halle 1823, pp. 250–251, item 36.
- ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, towns and other places of the royal family. Prussia. Province of Silesia, including the Margraviate of Upper Lusatia, which now belongs entirely to the province, and the County of Glatz; together with the attached evidence of the division of the country into the various branches of civil administration . Breslau 1830, p. 897.
- ^ Johann Georg Knie : Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preusz. Province of Silesia . 2nd edition, Breslau 1845, p. 785.
- ^ Kraatz: Topographical-statistical manual of the Prussian state . Berlin 1856, p. 29.
- ↑ a b Felix Triest : Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien , Wilh. Gottl. Korn, Breslau 1865, p. 824, paragraphs 27 and 28
- ^ A b Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Silesia and their population. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 378–383, item 1 .
- ^ Gustav Neumann: Geography of the Prussian State . 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 181-182, item 13.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. leobschuetz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
