Tarnowitz district

Tarnowitz district on a map from 1905

The Tarnowitz district was a Prussian district in Upper Silesia from 1873 to 1926 . Most of the district fell to Poland in 1922, while the remainder of the German Reich was dissolved in the district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz in 1927 . During the German occupation of Poland from 1939 to 1941, a district of Tarnowitz existed as part of the government district of Katowice .

Administrative history

Due to the continuous growth of the population of Upper Silesia in the 19th century, the district of Beuthen turned out to be too big. It was therefore divided into four districts in 1873. The new Tarnowitz district was formed from part of the Beuthen district. On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved and the new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the administrative district of Opole .

In the referendum in Upper Silesia on March 20, 1921, 38.3% of the voters in the Tarnowitz district voted to remain with Germany and 61.7% for a cession to Poland. Due to the subsequent resolutions of the Paris Ambassadors Conference , the greater part of the district had to be ceded to Poland in 1922, where the powiat Tarnogórski in the new Autonomous Voivodeship of Silesia was formed from it.

The remainder of the district with the communities and estate districts of Broslawitz , Friedrichswille, Groß Wilkowitz , Kempczowitz, Larischhof , Miedar , Mikultschütz, Pilzendorf, Ptakowitz , Stollarzowitz and Wieschowa became part of the district of Beuthen on January 1, 1927, with the part that remained with Germany in 1922 merged to form the district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz . The district office of the new district was in Bytom . On January 1, 1939, the district was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation .

After the German occupation of Poland in World War II , the Polish powiat Tarnogórski became part of the newly formed administrative district of Katowice in the province of Silesia on November 26, 1939 under the name Tarnowitz district . After the restructuring of the district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz from the administrative district of Opole to the administrative district of Katowice, both districts were administered uniformly from Tarnowitz. On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Upper Silesia was formed from the previous administrative districts of Katowice and Opole . On June 1, 1941, the two districts of Beuthen-Tarnowitz and Tarnowitz were formally merged to form the new district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz with the seat of the district administrator in Tarnowitz. In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army and then placed under Polish administration by the Soviet Union . The German population was subsequently expelled from the district by the local Polish administrative authority .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1885	47,856
1900	62,277
1910	77,583
1925	28,974

In the 1910 census, 67% of the residents of the Tarnowitz district described themselves as purely Polish -speaking and 27% as purely German-speaking . 95% of the residents were Catholic in 1910 and 5% Protestant .

District administrators

• 1873–1884 00Bernhard Barchewitz
• 1884–1891 00Axel von Varnbühler
• 1891–1898 Arthur von Falkenhayn00
• 1898–1905 00Friedrich Ernst Gustav von Schwerin
• 1905–1914 Friedrich Wilhelm of Limburg-Stirum (1871–1951)00
• 1914–1922 00Waldemar von Brockhusen († 1927)
• 1922–1926 Kurt Urbanek (1884–1973)00

Communities

In 1910, the Tarnowitz district comprised a city and 36 rural communities. The communities marked with ^D remained in the German Reich in 1922 and came to the district of Beuthen-Tarnowitz in 1927.

Old Chechlau Alt Repten Alt Tarnowitz Bobrownik Boruschowitz Brinitz Broslawitz D. Friedrichswille D. Georgenberg Gross Wilkowitz D. Big Zyglin Jendryssek Kempczowitz D. Little Zyglin Koslowagora Larischhof D Lassowitz Miedar D Mikultschütz D

Naklo New Chechlau New Repten Oppatowitz Orzech Piassetzna Pilzendorf D (until 1877 Grzibowitz ) Pniowitz Ptakowitz D. Radzionkau Rudy-Piekar Rybna Sowitz Stollarzowitz D. Tarnowitz , city Dry mountain Truschütz Wieschowa D

literature

• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 331–337 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

• Tarnowitz district administrative history and district council list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 27, 2013.
• historia i fotografia, The story, The photo

Individual evidence

1. ^ ^{A b} Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 574.
2. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
3. ↑ ^{a b c d} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
4. ^ ^{A b} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sch_tarnowitz.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
5. ↑ Jakob Spett: Nationality map of the eastern provinces of the German Empire based on the results of the official census of 1910 designed by Ing.Jakob Spett . Justus Perthes, January 1, 1910 ( bibliotekacyfrowa.pl [accessed March 14, 2017]). , see also Silesia # The ethnolinguistic structure of Upper Silesia (1819–1910)
6. ↑ Landkreis Tarnowitz administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 26, 2013.