District of Glogau

The district of Glogau within the boundaries from 1820 to 1932

Klein-Tschirnau Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Quaritz Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

The district of Glogau was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945. Its district town was the city of Glogau , which had formed its own urban district since 1920. The former territory of the district is now part of the Polish powiats Głogowski , Nowosolski , Polkowicki and Wschowski .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia

After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.

In the Principality of Glogau , Prussian districts were formed from the six existing old Silesian soft images Freystadt, Glogau, Grünberg, Guhrau, Schwiebus and Sprottau. Wenzel Friedrich von Stosch was appointed as the first district administrator in the Glogau district. The district was subordinate to the War and Domain Chamber Glogau, from which in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 the administrative district Liegnitz of the province of Silesia emerged .

During the district reform of January 1, 1820 in the Liegnitz district, the Glogau district gave the town of Schlawa and the villages of Elevator, Beitsch, Deutsch Tarnau, Goihle, Groß Würbitz, Hammer, Josephshof, Kattersee, Klein Würbitz, Köllmchen, Krolckwitz, Laubegast, Liebenzig, Malschwitz, Mäusewinkel, Neuckersdorf, Nieder Bäsau, Ober Bäsau, Pürschkau, Rädichen, Schlawa, Sperlingswinkel and Zöbelwitz to the Freystadt district and the villages of Grunwald, Jäschane, Kolzig, Lipke, Neu Otternstädt and Schlabrendorf to the Grünberg district . The villages of Böcken, Eisemost, Friedrichswalde, Gühlichen, Heinzendorf, Herbersdorf, Neudorf, Neuguth, Nieder Gläsersdorf, Ober Gläsersdorf, Parchau and Petersdorf moved from the district of Glogau to the district of Lüben .

North German Confederation / German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Glogau .

On April 1, 1920, the city of Glogau left the district and was elevated to an urban district . At the same time, the previous Glogau district was given the name of a district . On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Glogau district, as in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

On October 1, 1932, the district area was enlarged. The cities of Beuthen a./Oder and Schlawa, the rural communities of Elevator, Beitsch, Bielawe, Bösau, Carolath, Deutsch Tarnau, Goile, Grochwitz, Groß Würbitz, Hammer, Hohenborau, Klein Würbitz, Krempine, Krolkwitz, Laubegast, Malschwitz, Nenkersdorf, Pfaffendorf , Pürschkau, Rialen, Reinberg, Rosenthal, Sperlingswinkel, Tarnau, Thiergarten and Zöbelwitz as well as the forest estate district Carolather Heide moved from the Grünberg district to the Glogau district; The rural community of Rostersdorf from the disbanded Steinau district was added to the district .

On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Glogau.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district area, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union . In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1795	61,735
1819	62,870
1846	72,212
1871	74,237
1885	75,990
1900	72,622
1910	75,811
1925	52,516
1939	60,683

District administrators

• 1742–1757 00Wenzel Friedrich von Stosch
• 1757–1763 00Sigismund Rudolph von Berge and Herrendorf
• 1765–1771 00George Oswald von Czettritz and Neuhaus
• 1772–1798 00Siegfried Rudolph von Wagner and Wagenhoff
• 1798–1812 00Heinrich Ernst von Tschammer and Quaritz
• 1812–1841 00Karl Heinrich von Eckartsberg (1778–1852)
• 1841–1849 00Bassenge
• 1849–1868 Adolf von Selchow (1810–1878)00
• 1868–1881 Friedrich von Jagwitz (1819–1881)00
• 1882–1896 00Maximilian Pilati von Thassul zu Daxberg
• 1896–1919 00Adolf Georg Singelmann
• 1919–1932 Kurt Jerschke (1872–1948)00
• 1932–1935 Otto Gail (1887–1970)00
• 1935–1938 Horst Hacker (* 1905)00
• 1938–1945 00Hans Kümper

Local constitution

The Glogau district has been divided into towns, rural communities and manor districts since the 19th century . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; As in 1881, the district order for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 applied.

Communities

The district of Glogau last comprised three cities and 111 rural communities:

Old wreath Backwater Andersdorf Elevator Bansau Beichau Beuthen a./Oder , city Biegnitz Borkau Brieg Brostau Beech dam Beech slope Buschacker Carolath Dalkau Dam field Deutscheck Thorn bush Dreidorf Drogelwitz Friedenshagen Friedrichslager Froebel Glogischdorf Gramschütz Grochwitz Groß Vorwerk Guhlau

Gusitz Gustau Gutendorf Hahnenfeld Hainbach-Töppendorf hammer Hillside forest Hazel spring Henzegrund Hermsdorf Herrndorf Herzogtal Hochkirch Höckricht Hohenborau Jakobskirch Kaltenfeld Kladau Steal Little Gräditz Little chewer Small logical Little Tschirne Klein Vorwerk Klemnitz Knock Kosel Kottwitz Kreidelwitz

Krolkwitz Grief Kunzendorf Kuttlau Leaf guest Lerchenberg Linden trees Linden wreath Malschwitz Marienquell Milchau Moßwitz Nenkersdorf New Strunz Neuhammer Nieder Polkwitz Nile construction Ober Zauche Obisch Polkwitz , city Priedemost Pürschkau Putschlau Quaritz Rabsen Rauschwitz Rettkau Rye fields Rosenthal

Rostersdorf Saber Schlawa , town Schönau Schrepau Screamed Schwusen Sieglitz Simbs Skeyden Suckau Dew Thiergarten Trebitsch Tschepplau Tschirnitz Tschopitz Urstetten Whitewood Wettschütz Wiesau Meadow bush Wilkau Willschau Digging iron Würchland Fever

The uninhabited forest estate district Carolather Heide also belonged to the district.

The following municipalities lost their independence by 1938:

Alt Strunz, on April 1, 1937 in Deutscheck Arnsdorf, on April 1, 1937 in Herzogtal Baunau, on April 1, 1937 in Schönau Bautsch, on April 1, 1937 in Tschirnitz Beitsch, on April 1, 1937 in Hangwalde Beuthnig, in Schrepau on April 1, 1938 Bösau, on April 1, 1937 at Friedrichslager Buchwald, on April 1, 1937 in Buchendamm Dammer, on April 1, 1937 at Dornbusch Denkwitz, on April 1, 1937 at Buchenhang German Tarnau, on April 1, 1937 in Hangwalde Doberwitz, on April 1, 1937 in Gutendorf Druse, on April 1, 1937 in Wiesenbusch Ferry oaks to Kottwitz on April 1, 1937 Gleinitz, April 1, 1937 at Hasenquell Golgowitz, on April 1, 1937 at Drogelwitz Görlitz, on April 1, 1937 to Marienquell Grabig, on April 1, 1937 in Kaltenfeld Groß Gräditz, on April 1, 1938 in Hochkirch Groß Kauer, on April 1, 1937 in Dalkau Great logic, on April 1, 1938 in Wiesau Big pig, at Obisch on September 30, 1928 Groß Würbitz, in Dreidorf on April 1, 1937 Gurkau, to Sieglitz on April 1, 1937 Gusteutschel, on April 1, 1937 in Hahnenfeld Hünerei, April 1, 1937 in Wiesenbusch Jätschau, on April 1, 1937 in Friedenshagen Karitsch, in Kaltenfeld on April 1, 1937 Kattschütz, April 1, 1937 in Würchland Klein Würbitz, on April 1, 1937 in Dreidorf Kosiadel, April 1, 1937 in Dammfeld Kotzemeuschel, on April 1, 1937 in Dammfeld Leipe, in Wiesau on April 1, 1938 Leutbach, on April 1, 1937 at Buchenhang Mahnau, on April 1, 1938, to Klein Logisch Fehlwitz, to Buschacker on April 1, 1937 Merzdorf, on April 1, 1937 in Deutscheck

Meschkau, in Quaritz on April 1, 1937 Modlau, on April 1, 1937 in Hahnenfeld Mürschau, on April 1, 1937 in Schönau Musternick, on April 1, 1937 in Herzogtal Neuacker, on April 1, 1937 to the elevator Noßwitz, on April 1, 1938 in Urstetten Pfaffendorf, on April 1, 1937 in Dreidorf Polkwitzer Neuländer, dissolved around 1928 Porschütz, on April 1, 1938 at Altwasser Pürschen, on April 1, 1937 in Würchland Quilitz to Marienquell on April 1, 1937 Cog, on April 1, 1938 to hammer Ransdorf, in Wiesau on April 1, 1938 Reinberg, to Carolath on April 1, 1937 Reinberg, on April 1, 1938 in Borkau Rietschütz, on April 1, 1937 in Roggenfelde Rodenhaide, on April 1, 1937 at Laubegast Salisch, on April 1, 1937 in Deutscheck Samitz, joined Buschacker on April 1, 1937 Schabitzen, on April 1, 1937 in Roggenfelde Schlatzmann, on April 1, 1937 in Kladau Schloin, to Ziebern on April 1st, 1938 Seppau, on April 1, 1937 in Dalkau Sperlingswinkel, on April 1, 1937 at Laubegast Stumberg, April 1, 1937, to Hasenquell Tarnau, on April 1, 1937 at Dornbusch Tarnau am See, April 1, 1938 at Hammer Thamm, on April 1, 1937 in Buchendamm Weckelwitz, on April 1, 1937 in Gutendorf Weichnitz, on April 1, 1937 at Henzegrund Weidisch, on April 1, 1938 in Urstetten Woischau, on April 1, 1938 in Borkau Würchwitz, April 1, 1937, to Hasenquell Zarkau, on April 1, 1938 in Urstetten Zerbau, on April 1, 1938 in Lerchenberg Zöbelwitz, on April 1, 1937 at Friedrichslager

Place names

In 1936 and 1937, numerous communities in the Glogau district were renamed:

Beichau → Oderhorst Bielawe → Lindenkranz Drogelwitz → Eichendamm Goile → Rodenheide Grochwitz → Heidegrund Gusitz → Schenkfeld Klautsch → Seehagen Klein Gräditz → Niederfeld Klein Tschirne → old oaks Klemnitz → Roggendorf Kottwitz → ferry oaks Kotzemeuschel → Dammfeld Kreidelwitz → Lindenbach Krempine → Neuacker Krolkwitz → Weißfurt Kummerick → Eichbach Malschwitz → meadow mountains Moßwitz → Bridge Field

Nieder Polkwitz → Sandhofen Polkwitz → Heerwegen Priedemost → approach bridges Quaritz → Oberquell Rauschwitz → Rauschenbach Salisch → Hinterwald Schlawa → Schlesiersee Schmarsau → Vogtshagen Schrepau → Schwarztal Sieglitz → Bismarckhöhe Trebitsch → Rodetal Tschopitz → Klettental Tschepplau → Langemark Tschirnitz → Ehrenfeld Tschopitz → Klettental Weichnitz → Henzegrund Wilkau → Wolfau

Personalities

• Benno Fröde (born February 13, 1866), composer
• Karl Brückner (1904–1945), NSDAP district leader

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 223–224, item 12.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 192–203 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Glogau  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• www.genealogienetz.de: District of Glogau
• Description of the district of Glogau from 1792

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
4. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Rolf Straubel : Biographical handbook of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
6. ↑ ^{a b} Territorial changes in Germany
7. ^ Official Gazette of the Liegnitz Government 1819, No. 52 . Ordinance on the new district division of December 15, 1819. Liegnitz, p. 470 ( digitized version ).
8. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform in the Liegnitz administrative district, p. 257 ( digitized version ).
9. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia. Volume 4: Dieter Stüttgen: Silesia. Johann Gottfried Harder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1976, ISBN 3-87969-116-9 .
10. ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 36 ( digitized version ).
11. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 93 ( digitized version ).
12. ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. ( Digitized version ).
13. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
14. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
15. ↑ ^{a b} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
16. ^ ^{A b c} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. glogau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
17. ^ Frank / Altmann: Tonkünstlerlexikon . tape 1 .