Gaworzyce

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Gaworzyce
Gaworzyce Coat of Arms
Gaworzyce (Poland)
Gaworzyce
Gaworzyce
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Polkowice
Geographic location : 51 ° 38 '  N , 15 ° 53'  E Coordinates: 51 ° 37 '41 "  N , 15 ° 52' 50"  E
Residents : 1500 (2006)
Postal code : 59-180
Telephone code : (+48) 76
License plate : DPL
Gmina
Gminatype: Rural community
Gmina structure: 13 school authorities
Surface: 76.99 km²
Residents: 3997
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 52 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 0216022
administration
Community leader : Jacek Marek Szwagrzyk
Address: ul.Okrężna 85
59-180 Gaworzyce
Website : www.gaworzyce.com.pl



Gaworzyce ( German : Quaritz , 1937-1945 Oberquell ) is a village in the powiat Polkowicki ( Polkwitzer district ) of the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia . The village is the seat of the rural community of the same name.

Geographical location

Quaritz west of Glogau on a map from 1905

The village is located in Lower Silesia on the southwestern edge of the Silesian Ridge (Dalkau Mountains), about 15 kilometers west of Glogau .

history

Former Protestant village church B.
Catholic village church

The town of Quaritz, which was laid out as a street perch village, was probably laid out around 1230 according to German law, because the neighboring village of Klopschen was already measured according to Flemish Hufen in 1226 . In 1276 a Schulze von Quaritz was named. Before 1291 Theodoricus von Quaritz became a locator and first steward of the village, which in 1315 comprised 44 small hooves.

The village changed hands frequently; In 1699/1600 Emperor Rudolf II sold it to the authorized captain of the Sagan principality Wenzel von Zedlitz as an inheritance,

In 1604, the farmers of Quaritz revolted against their landlord Wenzel Zedlitz from Schönau , because he had built a new farm on their pastures and a subsequent legal dispute had probably turned out to their disadvantage. In order to bring the peasants to reason, the Glogau provincial administration had an execution corps composed of citizens from the surrounding towns, who had even barricaded themselves in the cemetery with cannons. However, the citizens refused to use force against the peasants. On December 24th, the landlord attempted his own armed incursion into the town, but was repulsed by the farmers. The matter then stayed for two years until July 19, 1606, when the estates of the Principality of Glogau attempted armed mediation but had to withdraw their negotiators without having achieved anything. When an order from the bishop and governor of September 13 to arrest the peasants could not be enforced, a public patent was issued on October 30 to impose eight on them. However, the farmers only reacted to this measure by tearing down the new farm. The Hof zu Glogau finally summoned imperial troops from Hungary, who arrived at the end of January 1607 and stormed Quaritz on the night of February 1, 1607, one day before the light of the Virgin Mary , killing thirteen peasants.

  • Quaritz Castle around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

  • Quaritz Castle (photo 2014)

  • Quartitz Castle (photo 2014)

  • Mausoleum of the Tschammer family (photo 2014)

Since 1694 Quaritz was owned by the barons v. Tschammer . In 1706 Georg Caspar v. Have Tschammer built. Until the 19th century, the lower jurisdiction was exercised by a patrimonial court , which had its seat in Quaritz Castle. In 1790 Quaritz was called a market town and the largest village in the Glogau district.

In 1945 the village was a market town in the district of Glogau in the Lower Silesia province of the German Empire.

Towards the end of the Second World War , the region was occupied by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 . A short time later the village was placed under Polish administration. The Poles introduced the place name Gaworzyce for Quaritz . In the period that followed, the residents were expelled from Quartitz by the local Polish administration and replaced by Poles.

Population development

year Residents Remarks
1790 1,171 at 263 fireplaces
1846 1.911 1,843 of them Evangelicals
1933 1,739
1939 1,720

Parish until 1945

The parish had converted to the Protestant faith in the course of the Reformation in the 16th century . At the instigation of the landlord Zedlitz, who was Protestant, the Protestant community took over the previous Catholic Church. On January 9, 1654, the church was taken away and the holding of Protestant services was stopped by driving out the pastor king. The evangelical community of Quaritz had to stick to the church in Glogau. After Frederick the Great restored freedom of worship in 1741, Quaritz received a Protestant pastor again in the same year, and a Protestant church was built, which was consecrated in 1743. It was a massive building with a shingle roof and no tower.

Before 1945 the population of Quartitz was predominantly Protestant and there were only a few Catholics in the area. Quaritz was the center of a parish .

Quaritz haunted story

After the Seven Years' War , the village of Quaritz became famous for the Quaritz haunted story, the location of which was the village pastor's house and which found its way into the Silesian saga treasure.

local community

The rural community ( gmina wiejska ) Gaworzyce includes thirteen districts ( German names up to 1945 ) with a Schulzenamt ( sołectwo ) :

  • Gaworzyce ( Quaritz , 1937–1945 Oberquell )
  • Dalków ( Dalkau )
  • Dzików
  • Gostyń ( Gustau )
  • Grabik ( Grabig , 1937–1945 Kaltenfeld )
  • Kłobuczyn ( knocking )
  • Korytów ( Karitsch )
  • Koźlice ( Kosel )
  • Kurów Wielki ( Gross Kauer )
  • Mieszków ( Meschkau )
  • Śrem ( screamed )
  • Witanowice ( Weichnitz , 1937–1945 Henzegrund )
  • Wierzchowice ( Würchwitz , 1937–1945 Haselquell )

traffic

The Gaworzyce and Kłobuczyn stations were on the Łódź – Forst (Lausitz) railway line, which is no longer used for passenger traffic .

Personalities

  • Gottlieb Krause (1804–1888), German historian and palace librarian at the court of the Dukes of Anhalt-Köthen, born in Gostyń ( Gustau )

literature

Web links

Commons : Gaworzyce  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of historical sites. Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition. Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 423.
  3. ^ Karl Adolf Menzel : History of Silesia . Volume 2: History from 1525 to 1740 , Breslau 1808, pp. 353-254.
  4. ↑ Ehrhardt (1783), p. 211.
  5. ↑ Gothaisches genealogiasches pocket book of the baronial houses for the year 1863 . Volume 13, Gotha 1863, p. 982.
  6. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing judicial system of the Prussian state . Volume 2, Berlin 1839, p. 485.
  7. ^ Friedrich Gottlob Eduard Anders: Statistics of the Protestant Church in Silesia . Glogau 1848, p. 381.
  8. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. glogau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  9. ^ Pierer's Universal Lexicon . Volume 13, Altenburg 1861, p. 738.
  10. ^ Johann Georg Theodor Grasse : Book of legends of the Prussian state . Volume 2: Silesia and Lower Lusatia , No. 295: The Quaritz Ghost .
  11. ↑ The Genealogical Place Directory