Chocianów
| Chocianów | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Polkowice | ||
| Area : | 7.31 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 25 ′ N , 15 ° 55 ′ E | ||
| Residents : | 7892 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 59-140 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 76 | ||
| License plate : | DPL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Chojnów - Nowe Miasteczko | ||
| Chojnów - Polkowice | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Surface: | 230.27 km² | ||
| Residents: | 12,778 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 55 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0216013 | ||
| Administration (as of 2007) | |||
| Mayor : | Franciszek Skibicki | ||
| Address: | ul.Ratuszowa 10 59-140 Chocianów |
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| Website : | www.chocianow.pl | ||
Chocianów (German Kotzenau ) is a town in the powiat Polkowicki ( Polkwitzer district ) in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia .
Geographical location
The city is located in Lower Silesia , west of the city of Lubin ( Lüben ) and northwest of Liegnitz .
history
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middle Ages
The first documented reference to today's Chocianów comes from July 9, 1284 with the mention of a Nikolaus de Cosenow .
In 1297 the Duke of Schweidnitz , Bolko I , had a castle built in the settlement. The existence of a chapel can be documented for the first time in 1487.
Under the crown of Bohemia
In 1507 Georg von Schelendorf became the owner of the village. Eleven years later in 1518 Christoph von Schkopp bought Kotzenau. In 1526 the place came under the rule of the crown of Bohemia . In the following years the owner of the place changed several times, for example Hans von Soran in 1580, Jakob von Schoenaich in 1584 , the von Nostitz family in 1587 and Aleksander von Stosch in 1613 .
The stone church of the village was probably built in 1596. In 1633 Albrecht von Wallenstein led his army past the village, with Kotzenau being plundered and devastated. The place was then uninhabited for about 15 years. The baroque Kotzenau Castle was built from 1728 to 1732 by the architect Martin Frantz for Melchior Gottlob von Reden using the older castle.
Prussian rule
After the First Silesian War between Prussia and Austria ended in 1742 with the preliminary peace of Breslau , Kotzenau came under Prussian rule.
On October 30, 1746, there was a great fire in the settlement, which not only destroyed the church, but also many other buildings. In February of the following year, construction began on a new church, which was completed after eleven months.
In 1842 , 53 craftsmen and 11 traders lived in Kotzenau, which was part of the Lüben district . Two water and seven windmills were operated. On August 1, 1846, the first post office was opened. In May and again in October 1847, severe fires raged in the village. The connection to the Reisicht - Freystadt rail network took place on May 16, 1892.
In 1894 Kotzenau received city rights. In the same year, construction began on the town hall, which was inaugurated in 1899. In 1938 Walter Porsche opened the Deli cinema, which remained in operation under the name Tosca until the end of the 20th century.
The castle, built by Duke Bolko I at the end of the 13th century, was last owned by the Burgraves of Dohna .
1945 to the 2010s
In 1945 Kotzenau belonged to the district of Lüben in the administrative district of Liegnitz in the Prussian province of Lower Silesia of the German Empire .
On February 10, 1945, the 13th Army of the Red Army marched into the city. After the end of the Second World War , Kotzenau and almost all of Silesia were placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying forces . In the period that followed, most of the German residents were expelled from Kotzenau by the local Polish administrative authorities . The Poles introduced the Polish place name Chocianów for Kotzenau .
In 1952 the first kindergarten was opened in Chocianów.
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1895 | 4.118 | including 3,696 Evangelicals, 411 Catholics and ten Jews |
| 1933 | 4,055 | |
| 1939 | 5,255 |
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
Provincial road ( droga wojewódzka ) 331 leads through Chocianów and Provincial road 328 ends in the city. The 328 joins the European route 65 about 40 kilometers north in Nowe Miasteczko . The 331 ends in the south in Chojnów , 20 kilometers away , in the north it joins the European route 65 in Polkowice after about 15 kilometers .
The nearest international airport is Wroclaw Airport , which is located about 90 kilometers southeast of Chocianów.
local community
The urban and rural community of Chocianów has around 13,000 inhabitants on an area of 230.27 km² and, in addition to the main town of the same name, is divided into the following school departments (sołectwo) :
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- Brunów (Braunau)
- Chocianowiec (Groß-Kotzenau)
- Duninów (Dohna)
- Jabłonów (Neudeck)
- Michałów (Michelsdorf)
- Ogrodzisko (Spröttchen)
- Parchów (Parchau)
- Pogorzeliska (Kriegheide)
- Raków (Crab Mountain)
- Szklary Dolne (Nieder-Gläsersdorf)
- Trzebnice (Seebnitz)
- Trzmielów (Bumblebee)
- Żabice (Sabitz)
sons and daughters of the town
- Heinrich zu Carolath-Beuthen (1783–1864), freelance gentleman, Prussian general of the cavalry
- Adelheid Poninska (1804–1881), social reformer and urban planner
- Hermann zu Dohna-Kotzenau (1809–1872), liberal member of the Reichstag and Landtag
- Gotthard Kronstein (1927–1997), opera singer and theater director
- Gerhard Paul (1936–1994), Redemptorist
- Robert Grzywna (1974-2010), pilot and major in the Polish Air Force, victim of the plane crash near Smolensk
- Maciej Zięba (* 1987), German-Polish soccer player
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Archive link ( Memento of the original from August 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. lueben.html # ew39lubnkotze. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
