Lubin
Lubin | ||
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Basic data | ||
State : | Poland | |
Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | |
Powiat : | Lubin | |
Area : | 40.68 km² | |
Geographic location : | 51 ° 24 ' N , 16 ° 12' E | |
Height : | 72 m npm | |
Residents : | 72,428 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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Postal code : | 59-300 | |
Telephone code : | (+48) 76 | |
License plate : | DLU | |
Economy and Transport | ||
Street : | E 65 Nowa Sól - Legnica | |
Zielona Góra - Wroclaw | ||
Next international airport : | Wroclaw | |
Gmina | ||
Gminatype: | Borough | |
Surface: | 40.68 km² | |
Residents: | 72,428 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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Population density : | 1780 inhabitants / km² | |
Community number ( GUS ): | 0211011 | |
Administration (as of 2015) | ||
City President : | Robert Raczyński | |
Address: | Rynek 25 59-300 Lubin |
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Website : | www.um.lubin.pl |
Lubin [ ˈlubjin ], German Lüben , is a city in the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia . Lubin is the county seat of the Powiat Lubiński ( Lubin County ). After 1945 it became one of the most important industrial locations in Lower Silesia.
From 1348 to 1453 Lüben was the capital of the Duchy of Lüben . In the 16th century it was used as a personal item for Brieger Duchesses.
Geographical location
The city is located on the river Zimnica ( Cold Brook ) in Lower Silesia , about 71 km northwest of Wroclaw , 20 km north of Legnica ( Liegnitz ) and about 84 km south of Zielona Góra ( Grünberg ).
history
In the 12th century, as a fortified place, Lubin was the seat of a castellany , which was first mentioned in 1155 in a papal bull . In 1178 Lubin received the Polish town charter , the Magdeburg town charter in 1289. Together with the Duchy of Liegnitz it fell to the Crown of Bohemia in 1329 , which the Habsburgs held from 1526 . After the First Silesian War , most of Silesia fell to Prussia in 1742 . From 1816 to 1945 it was the seat of the Lüben district . From 1936 to 1945, the Lüben Air Base, today's Lubin Airfield, was located here .
Towards the end of the Second World War , Lüben was taken by the Red Army in the spring of 1945 and soon afterwards, almost all of Silesia was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power . Lüben received the Polish name Lubin . Unless they had fled before, the German population was subsequently expelled by the local Polish administrative authority .
In the post-war years, the Polish government forced the mining of mineral resources in the occupied part of Lower Silesia. In 1957, large copper deposits were discovered, which subsequently led to an increase in the number of inhabitants of the city to 33 times by 1989 (company: KGHM Polska Miedź ).
On August 31, 1982, security forces of the then communist government ( ZOMO ) shot at demonstrators in the city . Three people were killed and more than ten injured. (see Martial Law in Poland 1981–1983 )
On March 15, 1991, the two-plus-four treaty came into force, with which the factual affiliation of Lubin to Poland was also confirmed under international law.
Population development
year | Residents | Remarks |
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1748 | 1,985 | |
1775 | 1,830 | |
1800 | 2,292 | |
1810 | 2,622 | including 2,347 Evangelicals, 269 Catholics and six Jews |
1831 | 3,022 | including 2,674 Evangelicals, 331 Catholics and 17 Jews |
1858 | 4,339 | of which 3,755 Protestants, 477 Catholics, 16 other Christians, 91 Jews |
1890 | 6.131 | thereof 5,072 Evangelicals, 1,006 Catholics and 51 Jews |
1900 | 6.112 | (including the garrison consisting of a No. 4 dragoon regiment) mostly Evangelicals |
1900 | 8,670 | mostly Evangelicals, 1,350 Catholics, 30 Israelites, 160 others |
1933 | 9,637 | |
1939 | 9,920 | 7,939 Protestants, 1,686 Catholics, 55 other Christians and 13 Jews |
Rural community
The rural municipality of Lubin, to which the municipality itself does not belong, has 16,052 inhabitants (as of June 30, 2019).
Personalities
- Georg Raphel (1673–1740), Lutheran clergyman
- Daniel Gottlob Reymann (1759–1837), German military cartographer
- Friedrich Gottlob Endler (1763–1822), important engraver
- Wilhelm I of Württemberg (1781–1864), born here, from 1816 to 1864 the second king of Württemberg
- Sebastian Seiler (1815–1870), German-American journalist and socialist
- Gustav Raemisch (1845–1912), lawyer and politician, member of the Prussian House of Representatives
- Oswald Baer (1847–1937), physician and local researcher
- Konrad Klose (1866–1924), chronicler of the city of Lüben, worked here as a Protestant pastor from 1891–1924
- Ernst Jarmer (* 1886), lawyer and administrative lawyer
- Helmut Kuhn (1899–1991), philosopher
- Gerd von Tresckow (1899–1944), career officer and resistance fighter of July 20, 1944
- Rudolph-Christoph Freiherr von Gersdorff (1905–1980), officer in the Reichswehr and the Wehrmacht, was one of the conspirators of July 20, 1944
- Tomasz Wisio (* 1982), football player
- Dorota Piotrowska (* 1984), jazz musician
- Thomas Szewczyk (* 1992), basketball player
Politics and administration
City President
At the head of the city administration is the city president . Since 2002 this has been Robert Raczyński, who held this position from 1990 to 1994. After he had been elected for the Partia Chrześcijańskich Demokratów in 1990 and for the Akcja Wyborcza Solidarność in 2002 , he has been a member of his own election committee since 2006. The regular election in October 2018 led to the following results:
- Robert Raczyński (Election Committee “Robert Raczyński Lubin 2006”) 58.5% of the vote
- Krzysztof Kubów ( Prawo i Sprawiedliwość ) 28.4% of the vote
- Agnieszka Kubica-Radek (Election Committee “Yes to Lubin”) 5.0% of the vote
- Grzegorz Zieliński ( Koalicja Obywatelska ) 3.3% of the vote
- Edyta Zawadzka (Election Committee “The City for the Inhabitants”) 3.1% of the vote
- Remaining 1.5% of the vote
Raczyński was thus re-elected for a further term in the first ballot.
City council
The city council has 23 members who are directly elected. The election in October 2018 led to the following result:
- Election Committee “Robert Raczyński Lubin 2006” 43.1% of the vote, 13 seats
- Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) 31.4% of the vote, 9 seats
- Koalicja Obywatelska (KO) 10.7% of the votes, 1 seat
- Election committee "Janusz Radzikowski for Inowrocław - Yes please" 5.7% of the vote, no seat
- Election committee “The city for the inhabitants” 4.8% of the vote, no seat
- Kukiz'15 4.8% of the vote, no seat
Town twinning
Lubin maintains city partnerships with the cities of Bad Ems and Böblingen from Germany.
Sports
The largest football club in the city is Zagłębie Lubin , this club plays in the highest Polish league, the Ekstraklasa .
literature
- Konrad Klose : Contributions to the history of the city of Lüben . Lüben 1924 ( e-copy ).
Web links
- Historical and current recordings as well as geographical location
- The old Lüben
- Website of the city of Lubin (Polish)
- Website of the Municipality of Lubin (Polish)
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ^ City website, Prezydent Miasta , accessed February 23, 2015
- ↑ Compare Liuba the goddess of spring, love and fertility, (Old Slavic "love" or "the lover").
- ↑ a b c d e f Konrad Klose : Contributions to the history of the city of Lüben . Lüben 1924, pp. 484-485.
- ^ A b c Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Lüben district (Polish Lubin). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Meyer's Large Conversational Lexicon . 6th edition, Volume 12, Leipzig / Vienna 1908, p. 760.
- ↑ The Big Brockhaus . 15th edition, Volume 11, Leipzig 1932, p. 606.
- ^ Result on the website of the election commission, accessed on August 22, 2020.
- ^ Result on the website of the election commission, accessed on August 22, 2020.