Wroclaw district

City and district of Breslau within the boundaries of 1905

The district of Breslau was a Prussian district in Silesia , which existed from 1742 to 1945. Its former territory is now in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship .

Administrative history

Kingdom of Prussia / German Confederation

After the conquest of most of Silesia by Prussia in 1741, the royal cabinet order of November 25, 1741 introduced the Prussian administrative structures in Lower Silesia . This included the establishment of two war and domain chambers in Breslau and Glogau as well as their subdivision into districts and the appointment of district administrators on January 1, 1742.

In the Principality of Breslau , one of the Silesian sub-principalities, the Prussian districts of Breslau, Namslau and Neumarkt-Canth were formed from the old Silesian soft images of Breslau, Canth, Neumarkt and Namslau . Johann Wenzel von Trach was appointed as the first district administrator in the Wroclaw district. The district of Breslau was initially subject to the Wroclaw War and Domain Chamber and was assigned to the district of Breslau in the province of Silesia in the course of the Stein-Hardenberg reforms in 1815 .

The district freedom of the city of Wroclaw was expressly confirmed in the Gendarmerie Edict of 1812.

During the district reform of January 1, 1818 in the administrative district of Breslau, the following reclassifications were made:

• The villages Baumgarten, Bohrau , Deutschlauben, Grosburg , Jelline, Jexau, Klein Bresa, Krentsch, Kurtsch, Michelwitz, Neidchen, Ottwitz, Petrikau, Schönfeld, Schweinbraten and Wäldchen moved from the district of Breslau to the district of Strehlen .
• The villages Beckern, Jeltsch, Lange, Neuvorwerk and Rattwitz moved from the district of Breslau to the district of Ohlau .
• The villages of Groß and Klein Bischkowitz, Haasenau, Hennigsdorf, Kottwitz, Kunzendorf, Schebitz, Sponsberg and Striese moved from the district of Breslau to the district of Trebnitz .
• The town of Auras , the market town of Dyhrnfurth and the villages of Althof, Cranz, Hauffen, Heinzendorf, Jäckel, Liebenau, Pathendorf, Racke, Reichwald, Riemberg, Schönborn, Seiffersdorf, Sorge, Sürchen, Thannwald, Thiergarten, Vogtswalde and Wahren moved from the district of Breslau in the district of Wohlau .

German Empire

Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . On April 1, 1897, the first major incorporations in favor of Breslau took place. The rural communities of Kleinburg and Pöpelwitz and the manor district of Pöpelwitz left the district of Breslau and joined the urban district of Breslau.

On April 1, 1904, the rural communities Dürrgoy, Herdain and Morgenau and the Gutsbezirke Morgenau and Leerbeutel lost their independence and on April 1, 1911, the rural community Gräbschen and the Gutsgebiet Gräbschen. On November 8, 1919, the province of Silesia was dissolved. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz .

Gut Oswitz around 1860, Alexander Duncker collection

Gallowitz Castle around 1860, Duncker Collection

The largest wave of incorporation in favor of the city and at the expense of the district took place on April 1, 1928. The district of Breslau lost to the urban district of Breslau in whole or in part:

• the rural communities Althofnaß, Drachenbrunn, Goldschmieden, Groß Masselwitz, Groß Tschansch, Grüneiche, Hartlieb, Herrnprotsch , Karlowitz, Kawallen, Klein Gandau, Klein Masselwitz, Klein Mochbern, Klein Tschansch, Kosel, Krieter, Kundschütz, Lilienthal, Maria-Höfchen, Neukirch, Oltaschin, Oswitz, Ottwitz, Pilsnitz, Pohlanowitz, Rosenthal, Schmiedefeld, Schottwitz, Schwoitsch, Stabelwitz and Woischwitz as well
• the estate districts of Bartheln, Bischofswalde, Friedewalde, goldsmiths, Groß Masselwitz, Hartlieb, Herrnprotsch, Kawallen, Klein Masselwitz, Kottwitz Forst, Maria-Höfchen, Neukirch, Oswitz, Ottwitz, Pilsnitz, Pirscham, Rosenthal, Schottwitz, Schmiedefeld, Schwoitsch, Stabelwitz, Willy , Zedlitz and Zimpel.

On September 30, 1929, in the district of Breslau, as in the rest of the Free State of Prussia, all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities.

The following reclassifications took place on October 1, 1932:

• The city of Kanth and the rural communities of Beilau, Fürstenau, Jürtsch, Kammenorf b. Kanth, Koslau, Landau, Lorzendorf, Mettkau, Neudorf, Nieder Struse, Ober Struse, Ocklitz, Polsnitz, Rommenau, Sachwitz, Schimmelwitz, Stöschwitz and Zaugwitz moved from the Neumarkt district to the Breslau district.
• The rural communities of Bischkowitz, Groß Tinz , Grunau, Jäschwitz, Klein Tinz , Kuhnau, Naselwitz, Poppelwitz, Rankau, Stein, Strachau b. Zobten and Wilschkowitz moved from the dissolved Nimptsch district to the Breslau district.
• The town of Zobten and the rural communities Altenburg, Bankwitz, Groß Mohnau, Groß Silsterwitz, Kapsdorf, Klein Silsterwitz, Kristelwitz, Marxdorf, Michelsdorf, Mörschelwitz-Rosenthal, Protschkenhain, Queitsch, Rogau-Rosenau, Striegelmühle, Ströbel and Wernersdorf moved from the district of Schweidnitz to the district of Wroclaw.

On April 1, 1938, the Prussian provinces of Lower Silesia and Upper Silesia were merged to form the new Province of Silesia. On January 18, 1941, the province of Silesia was dissolved again. The new province of Lower Silesia was formed from the administrative districts of Breslau and Liegnitz.

In the spring of 1945 the district was occupied by the Red Army . In the summer of 1945, the district was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupying power in accordance with the Potsdam Agreement . The influx of Polish civilians began in the district, some of whom came from the areas east of the Curzon Line that fell to the Soviet Union . In the period that followed, most of the German population was expelled from the district .

Population development

year	Residents	source
1819	41,112
1871	68,927
1885	80,653
1900	88.125
1910	95,237
1925	102,625
1939	102,622

District administrators

1742–1744 00Johann Wenzel von Trach 1745 0000000Sylvius Ferdinand von Siegroth 1746–1748 00by Looß 1748–1752 00George Sigismund von Canitz-Dallwitz 1752–1756 00Max Ferdinand von Raczensky 1756–1765 00Johann Friedrich von Burgsdorff 1765–1782 00Gustav Adolph Helmrich von Elgott 1782–1790 00Friedrich August von Riedel-Löwenstern 1790–1797 00Johann Wenzel von Haugwitz 1798– 000000Johann George Ferdinand von Oheimb 0000–1819 00Karl Theodor von Nimptsch 1819–1853 00August von Königsdorf 1853–1861 August von Ende (1815–1889)00 1861–1869 Konrad von Roeder (1833–1900)00

1869–1879 00Leopold von Harrach 1880–1896 Georg von Heydebrand and the Lasa (1853–1901)00 1897–1902 00Kurt von Lieres and Wilkau 1902–1919 Ernst Wichelhaus (1865–1943)00 1919–1919 00Hohberg ( representative ) 1919–1923 00Alfred Herrmann 1923–1932 00Adolf Bachmann 1933–1934 Georg Horstmann (1894–1940)00 1934–1935 Georg von Schellwitz (1897–1974)00 1935–1936 00Gallasch 1936–1939 00Georg Bald 1940 Alfred Janetzki (1880–1977)0000000 1940–1941 Heinrich Braasch (1902–1941)00 1942–1945 00Günter Riesen

Local constitution

After the transfer of the city of Auras to the Wohlau district in 1818, the district of Breslau was divided only into rural communities and manor districts . With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Law of December 15, 1933 and the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, the leader principle was enforced at the municipal level on April 1, 1935 . In 1932 the towns of Kanth and Zobten joined the district and the municipality of Brockau was elevated to a town on June 1, 1939. A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply .

Communities

In 1936, the Wroclaw district comprised three cities and 183 rural communities:

Albrechtsdorf Old Gandau Alt Schliesa Altenburg Althofdürr Althof wet Arnoldsmühle Baara Bank joke Barottwitz Beilau Benkwitz Beggars Bishkovice Bischwitz am Berge Bismarck Field Blankenau Bogenau Bogschütz Boguslawitz Brockau, city Buchwitz Damsdorf Domslau Drachenbrunn Duckwitz Dürrjentsch Eckersdorf Fürstenau Gallowitz Gnichwitz Great Bresa Gross Grunau Great Mochbern Gross Mohnau Gross Nadlitz Groß Sägewitz Great Schottgau Gross Silsterwitz Great Sürding Groß Tinz an der Lohe Grunau b. Zobten Grünhübel Guckelwitz Guhrwitz Haidänichen Hermannsdorf

Madman Jackschönau Janowitz Jaschkowitz Jäschwitz Jerasselwitz Juertsch Kammelwitz Kammendorf b. Kanth Kanth , city Cape village Checkered flag Hangovers Kentschkau Klarenkranst Klein Nadlitz Klein Rasselwitz Klein Sägewitz Klein Silsterwitz Klein Sürding Little Tinz Klettendorf Kniegwitz Koberwitz Koslau Kottwitz Kreika Krichen Krieblowitz Kriptau Kristelwitz Krolkwitz Kuhnau Kundschütz Lamsfeld Landau Lanisch Leipe-Petersdorf Liebethal Tan Lorankwitz Lorzendorf Magnitz Malkwitz Painting Mandelau Margareth

Marienkranst Marxdorf Meleschwitz Mellowitz Merzdorf Mettkau Michelsdorf Mörschelwitz-Rosenthal Münchwitz Nonsense New Schliesa Neudorf b. Wroclaw Neudorf b. Kanth New ones Lower Struse Niederhof Upper struse Oberhof Ocklitz Oderwitz Oldern Oltashin Opperau Paschwitz Pasterwitz Peltschütz Peterwitz Pollogwitz Polsnitz Poppelwitz Prisselwitz Probotschine Protschkenhain Protsch willow Pushkova Whip Radwanitz Rankau Ransern Reppline Rogau-Rosenau Romberg Rommenau Rothsürben Sacherwitz Sachwitz Sadewitz

Sambowitz Schalkau Schauerwitz Schiedlawitz Schimmelwitz Slack Schmartsch Melted Schoenbankwitz Schönborn Schosnitz Schottwitz Seschwitz Sillmenau stone Stones Stöschwitz Strachau Strachwitz Harrow mill Ströbel Thauer Tinz Treschen Tschauchelwitz Tschechnitz Tschirne Cheeks Wasserjentsch Weidenhof Weigwitz Wernersdorf Wessig Wilkowitz Wilschkowitz Wiltschau Joke Woigwitz Woischwitz Desert village Zaugwitz Bridle garden Zindel Zobten , city Zweibrodt

Incorporation until 1938

Dürrgoy, on April 1, 1904 in Breslau Geistlich Kattern, to Kattern on October 17, 1928 Goldsmith, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Gräbschen, on April 1, 1911 in Breslau Groß Masselwitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Groß Oldern, to Oldern on September 30, 1928 Groß Tschansch, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Grüneiche, on April 1st, 1928 in Breslau Hartlieb, April 1, 1928 in Breslau Herdain, April 1, 1904 in Breslau Herrnprotsch , on April 1st, 1928 in Breslau Karlowitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Kawallen-Friedewalde, April 1, 1928 in Breslau Klein Gandau, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Klein Masselwitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Klein Mochbern, April 1, 1928 in Breslau Klein Oldern, to Oldern on September 30, 1928 Klein Sägewitz, on April 1, 1938 in Wasserborn Klein Silsterwitz, on April 1, 1938 in Senkenberg Klein Tinz , on April 1, 1938 in Groß Tinz an der Lohe Klein Tschansch, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Kleinburg, on April 1, 1897 in Breslau Kosel, in Breslau on April 1, 1928 Riots on April 1, 1928 in Breslau

Krieter , on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Kundschütz, on April 1, 1938 in Senkenberg Lilienthal, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Maria-Höfchen, April 1, 1928 in Breslau Merzdorf, on April 1, 1938 in Liebethal Morgenau, on April 1, 1904 in Breslau Neukirch, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Oswitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Ottwitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Pilsnitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Pleischwitz, in Treschen on October 17, 1928 Pohlanowitz, April 1, 1928 in Breslau Pöpelwitz, on April 1, 1897 in Breslau Reibnitz, on October 17, 1928 in Peterwitz Rosenthal, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Schillermühle, on October 17, 1928 in Arnoldsmühle Schmiedefeld, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Schwoitsch, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Siebischau, on October 17, 1928 in Oberhof Stabelwitz, on April 1, 1928 in Breslau Janowitz, on April 1, 1938 in Lengefeld Weltlich Kattern, to Kattern on October 17, 1928 Zweihof, on December 1, 1900 in Barottwitz

Place names

In 1937 numerous place names were Germanized in the district of Breslau. These were mostly phonetic adjustments, translations or free inventions:

Alt Schliesa → Alt Schlesing Bankwitz → Burghübel Barottwitz → Decorate Benkwitz → Lindenruh Bishkowitz → Loheichen Bischwitz am Berge → Linden am Berge Bogschütz → Lohbusch Boguslawitz → Schwarzaue Buchwitz → Book Duckwitz → Gutendorf Dürrjentsch → Riembergshof Gallowitz → Gallen Gnichwitz → Altenrode Groß Bresa → Erlebusch Groß Mochbern → Lohbrück Groß Nädlitz → Nädlingen Groß Sägewitz → blessing Groß Silsterwitz → Senkenberg Guckelwitz → Berghuben Guhrwitz → Burgweiler Irrschnocke → King's Rest Jackschönau → swords Janowitz → forest lock Jäschkowitz → Lengefeld Jäschwitz → Hannsfeld Jerasselwitz → Gerlanden Jürtsch → Jürgen Kammelwitz → Kammfeld Karowahne → Karben Kentschkau → Keltingen Klarenkranst → Klarenwald Klein Nädlitz → Nädlau Klein Rasselwitz → Grenzhorst Klein Sägewitz → Kampfwasser

Klein Silsterwitz → Silingtal Kniegwitz → Elfhofen Koberwitz → Rößlingen Koslau → gravel ground Kottwitz → Jungfernsee Kreika → pipe source Krieblowitz → Blüchersruh Kristelwitz → Weidengrund Krolkwitz → Weidmannsau Kundschütz → Ten Hooves Lorankwitz → Rolandsmühle Magnitz → Magning Malkwitz → Waldtal Marienkranst → Marienwald Meleschwitz → Fifthichen Mellowitz → Teichlinden Mörschelwitz-Rosenthal → Rosenborn Münchwitz → Münchau Naselwitz → Steinberge New Schliesa → New Schlesing Ocklitz → Eichwall Oderwitz → signs Oltaschin → Duke's hooves Paschwitz → Fuchshübel Pasterwitz → Pastern Peltschütz → Buschfelde Peterwitz → Petersweiler Pollogwitz → Dreiteichen Polsnitz → bridge fields Poppelwitz → Dreihöfen Prisselwitz → Prisselbach Probotschine → Probstaue Protschkenhain → three stones

Protsch pasture → pasture Pushkova → Hubertushof Queitsch → Leukirch Radwanitz → Wasserborn Rothsürben → Rothbach Sacherwitz → Sachern Sachwitz → Martinsgrund Sadewitz → Schill Sambowitz → Seydlitzaue Schauerwitz → Freienfeld Schiedlawitz → Siedlingen Schimmelwitz → Zweibach Schmartsch → Dörfel Schönbankwitz → Schönlehn Schosnitz → Reichbergen Schottwitz → Burgweide Seschwitz → Trostdorf Stöschwitz → eichdamm Strachau → Silingau Strachwitz → Schöngarten Tschauchelwitz → Rübenau Tschechnitz → Kraftborn Tschirne → Großbrück Wasserjentsch → Schönwasser Weigwitz → Rossweiler Wessig → Bergmühle Wilkowitz → Weizengrund Wilschkowitz → Wolfskirch Wiltschau → Herdhausen Wirrwitz → Konradserbe Woigwitz → Albrechtsau Woischwitz → Hoinstein Zaugwitz → Trutzflut

literature

• Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 195–196, item 11.
• Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the Province of Silesia and their people. Based on the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 80–93 ( facsimile in the Google book search).
• M. Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. (online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006)

Web links

Commons : Wroclaw district  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

• genealogienetz.de: Wroclaw district
• Description of the Wroclaw district from 1792

Individual evidence

1. ^ Roland Gehrke: State Parliament and the Public: Provincial Parliamentarism in Silesia 1825-1845 . Böhlau Verlag, Cologne 2009, ISBN 978-3-412-20413-6 , pp. 45 ( partially digitized ).
2. ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Files from May 31, 1740 to the end of 1745. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (Ed.): Acta Borussica . tape 6.2 . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, Royal Order for the appointment of district administrators in Lower Silesia , p. 259 ( digitized version ).
3. ^ WFC Starke: Contributions to the knowledge of the existing court system and the latest results of the administration of justice in the Prussian state . Carl Heymann, Berlin 1839, District division of the Prussian Duchy of Silesia in the 18th century, p. 290 ( digitized version ).
4. ↑ ^{a b} Rolf Straubel : Biographical manual of the Prussian administrative and judicial officials 1740–1806 / 15 . In: Historical Commission to Berlin (Ed.): Individual publications . 85. KG Saur Verlag, Munich 2009, ISBN 978-3-598-23229-9 .
5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the Prussian state according to its new delimitation . 1815 ( digitized ).
6. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia. Volume 4: Dieter Stüttgen: Silesia. , P. 39, Johann Gottfried Harder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1976, ISBN 3-87969-116-9 .
7. ↑ ^{a b c} Territorial changes in Germany
8. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Breslau 1817, No. XLV . New division and demarcation of the circles in the Breslau government department of October 31, 1817. Breslau, p. 476 ff . ( Digitized version ).
9. ^ Ordinance on the reorganization of districts from August 1, 1932 . In: Prussian State Ministry (Hrsg.): Preußische Gesetzessammlung . Berlin 1932, district reform 1932, p. 256 ( digitized version ).
10. ↑ Walther Hubatsch (ed.): Outline of German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia. Volume 4: Dieter Stüttgen: Silesia. Johann Gottfried Harder Institute, Marburg / Lahn 1976, ISBN 3-87969-116-9 .
11. ^ Statistisches Bureau zu Berlin (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Prussian state . Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1821, Silesia, p. 87 ( digitized version ).
12. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population 1871
13. ^ Community encyclopedia for the province of Silesia 1885
14. ↑ ^{a b} www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de
15. ^ ^{A b c d} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sch_breslau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).