Kąty Wrocławskie

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kąty Wrocławskie
Coat of arms of Kąty Wrocławskie
Kąty Wrocławskie (Poland)
Kąty Wrocławskie
Kąty Wrocławskie
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lower Silesia
Powiat : Wrocławski
Gmina : Kąty Wrocławskie
Area : 6.34  km²
Geographic location : 51 ° 2 ′  N , 16 ° 46 ′  E Coordinates: 51 ° 2 ′ 0 ″  N , 16 ° 46 ′ 0 ″  E
Height : 138 m npm
Residents : 6708 (December 31, 2016)
Postal code : 55-080
Telephone code : (+48) 71
License plate : DWR
Economy and Transport
Street : A4 motorway
Rail route : Wrocław Świebodzki – Wałbrzych Głowny
Next international airport : Wroclaw



Kąty Wrocławskie [ ˈkɔntɨ vrɔtsˈwafskʲɛ ] (German Kanth ; until 1930 Canth ) is a city in the Powiat Wrocławski ( Powiat Breslau ) of the Polish Voivodeship of Lower Silesia . It is also the capital of the town-and-country community of the same name .

Geographical location

The city is located in Lower Silesia , 24 kilometers southwest of the city center of Wroclaw on the A4 motorway . It is framed by the rivers Weistritz and Striegauer Wasser , which at this point flow only two kilometers apart. Geographically, the city belongs to the Wroclaw Plain, part of the Silesian lowlands.

history

The city "Cant" after Friedrich Bernhard Werner ; The castle in the north of the city burnt out in 1624 and the free-standing town hall tower on the ring are clearly recognizable.
Kanther Town Hall
City parish church of St. Peter and Paul

The area originally belonged to the Duchy of Breslau and fell to Duke Bolko I of Schweidnitz-Jauer and Löwenberg in 1291 . He moved the Wroclaw Duke Heinrich III. Fürstenau, founded before 1254, probably after Kanth in 1297/98. This results from the fact that Fürstenau was still referred to as "civitas Furstenow" in 1297 and as "civitas antiqua" ( = old or former town ) in 1298 . In that year, Duke Bolko documented it in "castro nostro Kanth" ["in our Kanth castle"]. This castle, which was east of the city, was probably founded at the same time as the city. Kanth soon rose to become the capital of the fertile surroundings. The city, founded according to Neumarkt law , is first documented in 1302 with the hereditary bailiff Gerhard; In the same year, the church of St. Peter and Paul with a pastor on the city wall in the north-west of the city can be traced. In 1310 there was a customs post, and for the year 1314 24 meat banks and 20 bread banks are occupied; 1334 a fulling mill of the cloth makers can be proven. Before 1340 Kanth had a fair .

Right from the start, the center of the city was a ring , onto which eight streets ran at right angles. The city was surrounded by a wall that was partially destroyed by the Hussites after 1428 and renovated by the owner in 1587. In the city wall were the Schweidnitzer Gate, the Wroclaw Gate and the Castle Gate with the entrance to the castle.

After the death of Duke Bolko I, whose inheritance was divided among his sons, Kanth fell in 1321 as an exclave to the newly created Duchy of Münsterberg , whose first Duke Bolko II was. He subordinated his duchy in 1336 as an inheritance to the crown of Bohemia . Bolkos II indebted grandson Bolko III. sold Kanth with the associated soft picture in 1379 to Duke Konrad II of Oels , who connected it with his Duchy of Oels . His brother, the Breslau bishop Konrad von Oels , to whom the soft image Kanth had fallen as a paternal inheritance, sold it to the Breslau cathedral chapter in 1419 . However, his youngest brother, Duke Konrad X, did not finally renounce Kanth until 1474. Only then did the bishop and cathedral chapter receive it as property. This made the soft image of Kanth an episcopal support. The Kanther Castle, which was restored in 1475, subsequently served as the seat of the captain of the episcopal sovereign. As a result, the Reformation only spread slightly in Kanth.

After the First Silesian War , Kanth and most of Silesia fell to Prussia. After the secularization of the episcopal hold of Kanth in 1810, Kanth was incorporated into the district of Neumarkt in the administrative district of Breslau in 1816 . An economic upswing followed through the pottery trade, which employed 22 masters in 1816 and in 1843 through the railway connection on the Breslau – Freiburg line . In 1820 and 1866/56 the city fortifications were removed so that the city area could be expanded.

In 1930 the spelling of "Canth" was changed to "Kanth", which in 1932 was incorporated into the Wroclaw district. In 1936 the city got a connection to the Reichsautobahn Breslau - Liegnitz . Towards the end of the Second World War , the city was occupied by the Red Army on February 8, 1945 . Because of the proximity to the fortress of Breslau , which was only given up on May 7th, the eastern part of the municipality in particular remained in the front area and had to show corresponding destruction.

After the end of the Second World War, Kanth was placed under Polish administration by the Soviet occupation forces together with almost all of Silesia in 1945 and initially received the Polish place name Kąty , which was later expanded to include the addition of Wrocławskie to differentiate between identical place names . Unless they had fled before, the German population was expelled by the local Polish administrative authorities in 1945/46 . During the last days of the war, the first Polish new settlers, including former forced laborers, had arrived in Kanth . Later mainly repatriates followed from the areas east of the Curzon Line that had fallen to the Soviet Union as part of the " West displacement of Poland " .

In the post-war period , the population of Kąty Wrocławskie increased sharply due to its proximity to Wrocław. After the political change in Poland in 1989, many foreign companies, such as Scania , invested in the municipality, which mainly benefit from the proximity to the business and university location Wroclaw as well as the connection to the A4 motorway and the proximity to Wroclaw Airport . The municipality therefore made an area of ​​700 hectares available for new investments.

Population development

Population of the city according to the respective area
year Residents
1844
  
 1,691
1875
  
 2,594
1880
  
 2,951
1885
  
 2,863
1890
  
 2,875
1910
  
 3,013
1925
  
 2,977
1933
  
 3,324
1939
  
 3,580
1969
  
 3,885
1980
  
 4,500
1998
  
 5,200
2004
  
 5,390
2013
  
 6,422
1890: Of these, 1,135 Protestants, 1,739 Catholics and eleven Jews

Attractions

Development on the Ring (market square)
Former Protestant church
  • The parish church of St. Peter and Paul was first mentioned in 1302 and a brick Gothic building was erected in its place in the 15th century . Most of the choir was preserved in this form . The three-aisled hall longhouse with star vault and the tower were built around 1500 . A reconstruction followed in 1520, which furnished the church with a sacristy and a chapel on the south wall. From 1825 to 1827 redesigns were carried out according to a design by the Wroclaw architect Julius Schulze, during which a second chapel was built in the north and the raised tower was given its current helmet in the Renaissance style . In the second half of the 19th century, the church received a neo-Gothic interior. The architectural main altar was created by the Wroclaw art carpenter Carl Buhl, who also designed the Ecce Homo altar. The older equipment of the parish church includes a statue of the Madonna with baby Jesus from 1410 in the neo-Gothic altar of Mary as well as figures of St. John the Baptist and Our Lady from around 1480. They were brought here from Paschwitz in 1937. At the turn of the 15th and 16th centuries, a crucifix and a sacraments were created. A picture of the Pietà comes from the Renaissance . In addition, there are some baroque statues that were built into the neo-Gothic altars.
  • The former Evangelical Church was built in 1833–36 based on a design by Karl Friedrich Schinkel . The simple, classicist hall was built in a round arch style on a rectangular floor plan. The changing brick colors , the entrance with three round arches and the four window axes structure the building. After 1945 the interior fittings and the facade decoration were removed and the church was converted into a shop in 1972.
  • The New Town Hall stands in the middle of the ring . It was built in 1878 in the neo-renaissance style on the site of a previous building destroyed in the city fire of 1624. Its 40 m high town hall tower from 1613 was preserved and was adapted to its new appearance in the course of the new construction of the town hall.

local community

The urban and rural municipality of Kąty Wrocławskie has more than 23,000 inhabitants.

Community partnerships

The municipality of Kąty Wrocławskie has partnerships with the following locations:

Personalities

literature

Web links

Commons : Kąty Wrocławskie  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Kanth . In: Meyers Konversations-Lexikon . 4th edition. Volume 9, Verlag des Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig / Vienna 1885–1892, p. 473.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Canth was then part of the Duchy of Breslau .
  2. ↑ Halt was an episcopal manorial rule that was endowed with sovereign rights.
  3. ^ Rolf Jehke: Neumarkt district. Retrieved June 23, 2017 .
  4. ↑ Rolf Jehke: City of Kanth. Retrieved June 23, 2017 .
  5. ↑ Economy of the community: Archived copy ( Memento from September 7, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ http://www.sbc.org.pl/dlibra/docmetadata?id=808&from=pubstats
  7. ↑ a b c d e Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. sch_breslau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ↑ http://www.retrobibliothek.de/retrobib/seite.html?id=109058
  9. ↑ http://www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de/gem1900////gem1900.htm?schlesien/neumarkt.htm
  10. ↑ a b H.R. Fritsche: Signpost to Silesia
  11. ^ Encyclopedia Powszechna PWN
  12. ↑ http://www.wiw.pl/geografia/miasta/termin.asp?et=m_00254
  13. ↑ http://www.stat.gov.pl/urzedy/wroc/publikacje/rocznik_pow/ludnosc/05p04_01.pdf  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.stat.gov.pl  
  14. ↑ Archived copy ( Memento from October 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive )