Mikolin

Mikolin Nikoline
	Mikolin Nikoline
Basic data
State :	Poland
Voivodeship :	Opole
Powiat :	Brzeg
Gmina :	Lewin Brzeski
Geographic location :	50 ° 47 '  N , 17 ° 42'  E Coordinates: 50 ° 47 '27 "  N , 17 ° 41' 56"  E
Height :	145 m npm
Residents :	313 (Dec. 31, 2012)
Postal code :	49-345
Telephone code :	(+48) 77
License plate :	IF
Economy and Transport
Street :	DK 94 Obórki - Poppelau
Next international airport :	Wroclaw Airport

Mikolin (German Nikoline even Nickoline or Nicoline , 1936-1945 Niklas ferry is) a town in the municipality Lewin Brzeski in brzesko county of Opole Voivodeship .

geography

Geographical location

Mikolin is located in the west of the historical region of Upper Silesia . The place is located about nine kilometers northeast of the municipal seat Lewin Brzeski ( Leuven ), 24 kilometers southeast of the district town Brzeg (Brieg) and 25 kilometers northwest of the voivodeship capital Opole .

Mikolin is located in the Nizina Śląska (Silesian Plain) on the edge of the Pradolina Wrocławska (Wrocław glacial valley) to the Równina Niemodlińska (Falkenberg plain) . The village is on the left bank of the Oder . West of the village flows the Glatzer Neisse ( Nysa Kłodzka ). The provincial road Droga wojewódzka 458 runs through the village .

Districts

The hamlet of Piaski ( Sandvorwerk ) belongs to Mikolin .

Neighboring places

Neighboring places are north Klink (Polish Popielowska Kolonia ), in the east Golczowice ( Golschwitz ), in the south Skorogoszcz ( Schurgast ) and in the west Wronów ( Frohnaut ).

history

Map from 1939

Nikoline Castle

Monument to soldiers of the Soviet Army

mausoleum

Nikoline was first mentioned as Nicklyn in 1532 . The area was already around 1000 BC. Settled. During excavations in the area around Nikoline, urn grave fields were found.

After the First Silesian War in 1742, Nicoline and most of Silesia fell to Prussia . In 1771 Schloss Nikoline was built by the lord of Sauer. The Niklasburg stood in the same place in the Middle Ages .

After the reorganization of the province of Silesia , the rural community Nikoline belonged from 1816 to the district of Falkenberg OS in the administrative district of Opole . In 1845 the village had a castle, an outbuilding, a chapel, a Protestant school, a brick factory, a brewery, a distillery, a ferry pier and 58 houses. In the same year 420 people lived in Nikoline, 33 of them Catholic. In 1855 there were 433 people living in the village. In 1865 the place had 14 farmer, 17 gardener and 16 cottage industry jobs. The Protestant school was attended by 83 students in the same year. In 1874 the administrative district Nicoline was founded, which consisted of the rural communities Golschwitz, Nicoline and Sowade and the manor districts Golschwitz and Nicoline. In 1880 the district was dissolved again and the district was assigned to Schurgast Castle . In 1885 Nikoline had 129 inhabitants.

In 1933 Nikoline had 337 inhabitants. In 1934 the ferry service in Nikoline was stopped after a concrete bridge was built over the Oder north of the village. On July 28, 1936 the place name was changed to Niklas ferry . In 1939 the place had 342 inhabitants. Until 1945 the place was in the district of Falkenberg OS

On January 20, 1945, the Oder Bridge was closed. Nevertheless, the Red Army entered the village on January 27, 1945. After that, the previously German place came under Polish administration and was renamed Mikolin and assigned to the Wroclaw Voivodeship. The remaining German population was expelled in June 1946. In 1950 the place came to the Opole Voivodeship . In 1999 the place came to the powiat Brzeski .

Attractions

• The Nikoline Castle was built in 1771 by Johann Friedrich von Sauer. The building has architectural elements of the late baroque and rococo . The single-storey rectangular building has a mansard roof and a flat projection with a basket arch portal, terrace and open staircase in the central axis. The interiors are decorated with Rococo stucco work. Furthermore, chimneys, carpentry work and the parquet have been preserved inside. The building stands empty today and is in ruins.
• The castle chapel , built in 1781, is in the immediate vicinity . The rectangular hall building has a ribbed vault inside and a wave-shaped outer facade. The chapel is crowned with a gable tower, which in turn was provided with an onion dome. The chapel is also in a ruinous condition and is currently not in use.
• The landscape park adjacent to the west has two ponds.
• To the north-east of the village, on the Oder in the field, is the monument to soldiers of the Soviet army . It was built in 1945 and was built based on a Rostra .
• Mausoleum for Jan Frederik von Sauer
• Old cemetery with preserved German graves

societies

• Football club LZS Odra Mikolin

Web links

Commons : Mikolin  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ - Population Gmina Lewin Brzeski , December 31, 2012, accessed on August 26, 2019
2. ↑ ^{a b c d} Heimatverein des Kreis Falkenberg O / S: Heimatbuch des Kreis Falkenberg in Oberschlesien. Scheinfeld, 1971. pp. 217-218
3. ^ Johann Georg Knie: Alphabetical-statistical-topographical overview of the villages, spots, cities and other places of the royal family. Preuss. Province of Silesia. Breslau 1845, p. 444.
4. ↑ Cf. Felix Triest: Topographisches Handbuch von Oberschlesien. Breslau 1865, p. 1159.
5. ^ Territorial administrative district Nicoline / Schurgast Castle
6. ↑ AGoFF county Falkenberg OS
7. ↑ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Falkenberg (Polish Niemodlin). (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
8. ↑ ^{a b c d} Dehio Handbook of Art Monuments in Poland. Silesia. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich et al. 2005, ISBN 3-422-03109-X , p. 615.